The Need To Learn Cham Script Of The Elderly Cham People

Similarly, at the age of 21 - 30, the number of people who are illiterate and the number of people who are re-illiterate is 80 out of 87 people, accounting for 91.9%; between the ages of 30 and 45, the number of both illiterate and re-illiterate people is 157 out of 181 people, accounting for 86.7%.

Thus, it can be said that the percentage of Cham illiterates is relatively uniform across ages, ranging from 86.7% to 93.8%. In particular, the age group 15 - 20 have a higher rate of re-blindness than other age groups, while the majority of this age group learn Cham language in primary schools. From that, it shows that if there is no organizational solution to strengthen the learning of Cham characters after learning Cham characters in primary schools, especially opening Cham script classes for the elderly, the situation of Cham illiteracy will be reversed. continue to take place.

2.2.2. The need to learn Cham script of the elderly Cham people

TABLE 2.6: DEMAND FOR PARTICIPATION LEARNING BY LEARNING LEVELS

				The need to learn Cham characters								ADD
				Very needed		Need		Yes, yes, no be		No need		SL
				SL	%	SL	%	SL	%	SL	%	SL
Resident	Ma Lam	Cham literacy	MC	92	94.8	5	5.2	0	0	0	0	97
			L1- L5	6	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	6
			TMC	17	85.0	3	15.0	0	0	0	0	20
		Add		115	93.5	8	6.5	0	0	0	0	123
	Ham Phu	Cham literacy	MC	39	97.5	first	2.5	0	0	0	0	40
			L1- L5	6	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	6
			TMC	4	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	4
		Add		49	98.0	first	2.0	0	0	0	0	50
	Ham Tri	Cham literacy	MC	82	86.3	twelfth	12.6	0	0	first	1.1	95
			L1- L5	15	71.4	first	4.8	3	14.3	2	9.5	21
			TMC	11	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	11
		Add		108	85.0	13	10.2	3	2.4	3	2.4	127
	Three communes	Cham literacy	MC	213	91.8	18	7.8	0	0	first	0.4	232
			L1- L5	27	81.8	first	3.0	3	9.1	2	6.1	33
			TMC	32	91.4	3	8.6	0	0	0	0	35
	total			272	90.7	22	7.3	3	1.0	3	1.0	300

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(Source: questionnaire processing)
Notes: MC: Illiterate; L1-L5: From grade 1 to grade 5; TMC: re-illiterate

CHART 2.6: DEMAND FOR CARING BY LEVELS

The survey results in Table 2.6 show that there are 213 people who are not illiterate in Cham and 32 who are semi-illiterate in Cham, all of which are 245/267 people, accounting for 91.7% of people who think that it is very important to learn Cham. Besides, there is only one Cham illiterate person who thinks that he "doesn't need" to learn Cham script, the rest have the need to learn Cham script. This shows that people who are still illiterate in Cham are very eager to learn Cham.

In the area of Cham literacy (usually according to them, the maximum level is estimated to be grade 5, because so far no one in the survey has studied at the high school level in Cham), there are 27/33 people, accounting for 81 people. .8% said it was "very necessary" and 1/33 accounted for 3% said it was "necessary" to learn Cham characters. In this category, 3/33, accounting for 9.1%, have the opinion "yes, it's okay", but not necessarily learning Cham. Particularly, 2/33 people, accounting for 6.1%, think that "there is no need" to learn Cham characters.

Through the above analysis, it shows that whether they are illiterate or literate in Cham, more than 81% of Cham people in the survey have a desire to learn Cham and consider it a "very necessary" need in life. of the Cham community; a total of 272/300, accounting for 90.7% of the surveyed people, think that learning Cham script for adults is "very necessary" and 7.3% says it is "necessary". Thus, 98% of the Cham people in the survey really have a need to learn ancient Cham script; only 2% of people are not interested in learning Cham script in adults.

TABLE 2.7: DEMAND FOR TEACHING BY SCHOOL LEVEL

				The need to learn Cham characters								Add
				Very needed		Need		Yes, yes, no		No need		SL
				SL	%	SL	%	SL	%	SL	%	SL
Resident	Ma Lam	School level	th	seventy three	92.4	6	7.6	0	0	0	0	79
			Middle School	thirty first	93.9	2	6.1	0	0	0	0	33
			High School	11	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	11
		Add		115	93.5	8	6.5	0	0	0	0	123
	Ham Phu	School level	th	22	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	22
			Middle School	20	100	0	0	0	0	0	0	20
			High School	7	87.5	first	12.5	0	0	0	0	8
		Add		49	98.0	first	2.0	0	0	0	0	50
	Ham Tri	School level	MC	0	0	0	0	0	0	first	100	first
			th	seventy three	90.1	6	7.4	first	1.2	first	1.2	81
			Middle School	17	81.0	first	4.8	2	9.5	first	4.8	21
			High School	18	75.0	6	25.0	0	0	0	0	24
		Add		108	85.0	13	10.2	3	2.4	3	2.4	127
	Three communes	School level	MC	0	0	0	0	0	0	first	100	first
			th	168	92.4	twelfth	6.6	first	0.5	first	0.5	182
			Middle School	68	91.9	3	4.0	2	2.7	first	1.4	74
			High School	36	83.7	7	16.3	0	0	0	0	43
	total			272	90.7	22	7.3	3	1.0	3	1.0	300

(Source: processing questionnaires)

Graph 2.7: DEMAND FOR LEARNING BY STUDY LEVEL

Table 2.7 shows us:

There is a common illiterate person, who also thinks that "there is no need" to learn Cham script.

Among 182 people in primary school, 168, accounting for 92.4%, think that it is "very necessary" to learn Cham characters; 12 people, accounting for 6.6%, said that they "need" to learn Cham characters; both categories mentioned above are 99%; Only 1 person, accounting for 0.5%, said "yes, it's okay" and 1 person thinks "no need" to learn Cham.

At the lower secondary level, there are 68 people 91.9% think that it is “very necessary” to learn Cham characters; 3 people, accounting for 4%, consider it "necessary" to learn Cham characters; both categories mentioned above are 95.9%; only 2 people, accounting for 2.7%, said "yes, it's okay" and 1 person, accounting for 1.4%, said that "no need" to learn Cham characters.

Especially at the upper secondary level, out of 43 surveyed people, 36 people, accounting for 83.7%, think that it is "very necessary" and 7 people, accounting for 7.3%, think that it is "necessary" to learn Cham characters for people. Elderly care; No one thinks "it's okay, it's okay" or "no need" to learn Cham.

Through the above analysis, except for one person in the general illiteracy category, at all other educational levels, 98% of the people think that it is "very necessary" or "necessary" to learn Cham characters; only 3 people accounting for 1% do not have a definitive attitude in learning Cham characters or not and 3 people accounting for 1% "don't need" to learn Cham characters. In particular, for those with a high school degree, they all think that it is "very necessary" or "necessary" to learn Cham characters. Thereby proving that the awareness of learning Cham characters depends a lot on the level of general education, the higher the high school education, the better they are aware of the need to learn the letters of their nation.

2.2.3. The purpose of learning Cham characters of the elderly Cham

TABLE 2.8: DEMAND FOR LEARNING PERFORMANCE

Commune area	Section landing	The need to learn Cham characters								Plus SL
		Very needed		Need		yes also,		No need
		Very needed		Need		not okay		No need
		SL	%	SL	%	SL	%	SL	%
Ma Lam	first	52	30.2	3	1.7	0	0	0	0	55
	2	76	42.2	5	2.8	0	0	0	0	81
	3	2	8.0	0	0	0	0	0	0	2
Ham Phu	first	ten	5.8	0	0	0	0	0	0	ten
	2	48	26.7	first	0.6	0	0	0	0	49
	3	first	4.0	0	0	0	0	0	0	first
Ham Tri	first	91	52.9	twelfth	7.0	2	1.2	2	1.2	107
	2	44	24.4	5	2.8	first	0.6	0	0	50
	3	21	84.0	0	0	first	4.0	0	0	22
Three Communes	first	153	88.9	15	8.7	2	1.2	2	1.2	172
	2	168	93.3	11	6.1	first	0.6	0	0	180
	3	24	96.0	0	0	first	4.0	0	0	25

(Source: processing the questionnaire)
Notes:
* 1: Learn the customs and habits of the Cham people
* 2: Preserving the Cham language and writing
* 3: Other purposes

Graph 2.8: THE DEMAND FOR LEARNING ON PURPOSE

The survey results in Table 2.8 show that:

There are 172 opinions, accounting for 57.3% of people, that the purpose of learning Cham characters is to learn the customs and habits of the Cham people; in which there are 153/172 opinions stating that they have "very necessary" needs, accounting for 88.9%, and 15/172 opinions saying "need" accounted for 8.7% of the total number of people with this purpose.

Only 2/172, accounting for 1.2%, have the purpose of learning the customs and habits of the Cham people, but "don't need" to learn Cham characters and 1.2% think that "it's okay or not".

There are 180 opinions, accounting for 60% of people, saying that learning Cham script is to preserve the Cham language and writing; in which, 168/180 comments, accounting for 99.3% of this population, have a "very need" need to learn Cham characters; No one thinks "there is no need" to learn Cham characters.

Only 25 opinions, accounting for 8.3%, stated that the reason for learning Cham script is for other purposes, including some non-Cham people who think that they learn Cham script to ease their working relationships when communicating. with the Cham people.

Thus, it can be concluded that the main purpose of learning Cham script is to preserve the Cham language, especially the ancient Cham script, and thereby learn more about the Cham's customs and habits.

2.2.4. The demand for form, time, and number of learners in Cham classes of older Cham people

TABLE 2.9: DEMAND FOR TYPE, TIME AND NUMBER OF CAREER STUDENTS

				Self learning	Need a teacher	Study at home	School	Less than 10 people	Over 10 people	Day study	Studying at night
Place of residence	Ma Lam	Job	Farming	first	ninety four	0	97	ten	seventy three	74	32
			Officer	0	2	0	3	0	2	first	2
			Profession other	0	ten	0	9	first	9	5	5
		Add		first	106	0	109	11	84	80	39
	Ham Phu	Job	Farming	0	39	0	30	2	39	44	0
			Officer	0	4	0	4	0	4	4	0
			Profession other	0	2	0	2	0	first	2	0
		Add		0	45	0	36	2	44	50	0
	Ham Tri	Job	Farming	9	95	9	91	2	89	70	26
			Labour servants	0	17	0	15	first	11	twelfth	first
			Other professions	0	2	0	2	0	first	2	0
		Add		9	114	9	108	3	101	84	27
	Three communes	Job	Farming	ten	228	9	218	14	201	188	58
			Labour servants	0	23	0	22	first	17	17	3
			Other professions	0	14	0	13	first	11	9	5
total				ten	265	9	253	16	229	214	66

(Source: Processing questionnaires)

The survey data in Table 2.9 shows that:

Out of 257 people working in agriculture, 218 comments, accounting for 84.8%, suggested that it was necessary to organize Cham literacy classes for adults at schools and 228 comments, accounting for 88.7% of surveyed farmers. that it is necessary to have a teacher to teach Cham characters; only 9 opinions, accounting for 3.5%, think that they can learn Cham characters by themselves at home without having a teacher to teach Cham; 201, accounting for 78.2% of the respondents, suggested organizing classes with more than 10 people. In addition, there were 188 comments, accounting for 73.1%, suggesting to organize Cham writing classes during the day; 58 opinions, accounting for 22.5%, want to organize classes at night.

With 24 people who are state officials participating in the survey, 23/24 opinions, accounting for 95.8%, suggested that it is necessary to organize Cham literacy classes for adults at schools and said that it is necessary to have a teacher. learn Cham characters; There is no suggestion that they can learn Cham by themselves at home without a Cham teacher; however, 1/24 accounted for 4.1% of the people who did not express their opinion on this issue. Regarding the number of students in a class, 17/24, accounting for 70.8%, suggested that more than 10 people should be organized. In addition, there are 17/24, accounting for 70.8% of opinions, suggesting to organize Cham writing classes during the day; 3/24 comments, accounting for 12.5%, want to organize classes at night.

Out of 19 other professionals, 14 have opinions in this area. In which, 14/14 comments, accounting for 100%, suggested that there should be a teacher to teach Cham characters for the elderly; 13/13 opinions, accounting for 92.8%, think that it is necessary to organize Cham literacy classes for adults at schools; There is no suggestion that they can learn Cham by themselves at home without a Cham teacher; 11 people, accounting for 78.5% of the respondents, suggested organizing classes of more than 10 people. In addition, there are 9 opinions, accounting for 64.3%, suggesting to organize Cham writing classes during the day; 5 opinions, accounting for 35.7%, want to organize classes at night.

The above analysis shows that:

Although in different occupations, 253 out of 300 surveyed people, accounting for 84%, of which people who are civil servants, public employees or other professions account for more than 95.8%, think that it is necessary to organize literacy classes. Care at school; 88.7% of farmers agree with this view. Thus, the majority of Cham people in different occupations consider it necessary to organize a class with a teacher to teach Cham for adults as a general literacy class.

There were 265 opinions, accounting for 88.3%, of which people who are civil servants, public employees or other professions accounted for more than 95.8%, suggesting that there must be a Cham teacher; Only 10 people, accounting for 3.3%, confirmed that they can learn Cham characters at home without a teacher, the rest have no idea whether they need a teacher or not. That shows that people respect and put their trust in the teacher's teaching, the Education sector needs to pay special attention to the training of teachers to teach Cham both in terms of skills and moral training. teacher.

There are 225/300 people, accounting for 75% of the surveyed people, suggesting to organize classes with more than 10 students for each class; only 16/300 people, accounting for 5.3% of those who think that less than 10 students are needed for each class; The rest have no opinion on this issue. The majority of farmers, 201/257 people, accounting for 78.2%, think that it is necessary to organize lessons with more than 10 students for a class. Thus, it is reasonable to organize a Cham language class with more than 10 learners for each class, in accordance with the learners' aspirations, creating a collective character in learning and also to save costs for opening a class. class.

There are 214/300 people, accounting for 71.3% of the respondents, who have a need to learn Cham script during the day, of which 188/257, accounting for 73.2% of farmers, think that studying during the day is more appropriate; 70/300 people, accounting for 23.3%, have a need to study at night, the rest have no idea. This is the basis for the arrangement of study time. Thus, depending on the conditions and needs of learners in each place to arrange learning during the day or at night to create the most favorable conditions for learners. Learning during the day also has many advantages for commuting, classroom lighting and security during learning. Some other ideas suggest just studying every week on a Saturday afternoon.

Date published: 14/11/2021