Strengthening Security - National Defense

production and business activities in the area, paying attention to developing a multi-sector economy. State-owned commerce ensures essential goods to serve the people. The number of households registered for business in 1995 was 166% compared to 1992 (1,770 households in 1992, 2,950 in 1995). [55, p.34]

The town implemented the policy of stabilizing annual tax rates, creating favorable conditions for non-state-owned businesses to develop. The number of commercial households in 2000 increased by 25.6% compared to 1996. The functional sectors regularly inspected against smuggling and trade fraud. Invested in upgrading Tam Co market and Phan Thiet market. Initial planning for investment in exploiting the potential of Nui Dum - Cong Troi eco-tourism and historical and cultural relics.

The town has consolidated state-owned enterprises; dissolved the General Trading Company; transferred some tasks and employees of the General Trading Company to the mountainous and ethnic service company. Private enterprises have developed quite well (in 1996, there were no private enterprises). In 2000, the town had 11 enterprises and 7 limited liability companies. The household economy was encouraged to develop; in 2000, there were 2,400 service business households, an increase of 25.6% compared to 1996.[30, p.25]

However, trade - service and tourism activities still show weaknesses, trade services are still limited and have not exploited the potential of being the trade service center of the province, the market is small, the scale of business is small, mainly retail goods. The situation of uncivilized business in trade and violations of business registration regime still exists. Management and inspection of service activities have not been done regularly and continuously. The activities of support service cooperatives are still limited. Development is not deep. Tourism potential has not been exploited.

Finance – Banking

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Budget collection is one of the key tasks that the town has led and organized to implement. In 1992, implementing tax ordinances,

Budget revenue reached 2.6 billion VND. Implementing Directive 04 of the Provincial Party Standing Committee and Resolution 06 of the Town Party Committee on strengthening the management of budget revenue and expenditure, the Town People's Committee assigned revenue and expenditure to grassroots units. In 1993, total revenue reached 5.75 billion VND; in 1994, it reached 14 billion VND [30, p.26]. Annual budget collection achieved good results, ensuring regular expenditure requirements, completing the target of saving 5% of expenditure according to the resolution of the Provincial People's Council.

The town's budget revenue in 2000 reached 31.2 billion VND, an increase of 8.4% compared to 1996, an average annual increase of 3.8%. In 1998, the policy of stabilizing tax contracts for business households was implemented. Mobilizing and effectively using people's contributions to build infrastructure. Spending the budget according to plan, meeting the basic requirements of local political tasks. Practicing thrift and fighting waste. Implementing the regulations on public democracy in budget finance at the grassroots level. The work of coordinating the appraisal of job creation loan projects has made much progress. The total outstanding debt of all capital sources in 2000 was 80.9 billion VND (the outstanding debt among the people was 33.7 billion VND, among enterprises and cooperatives was 47.2 billion VND). Effectively using capital sources 120, IFAD capital and other credit sources for economic development. The Bank for the Poor lent 6.4 billion VND to 1,632 households to develop production, helping 984 households escape poverty. [2, p.338]

Basic construction and urban planning

In ten years of planning, investment and construction, Tuyen Quang town has had positive changes and quickly become the urban center of the province. The urban development speed is quite fast, especially the construction of private houses, urban technical infrastructure works, schools and public works. The power supply is stable, power consumption increases rapidly, public lighting is focused on, the information network develops rapidly, and the supply of tap water is improved.

With the motto "The State and the people work together", "The people work, the State supports", the town mobilized people to build roads and construct

irrigation works, mobilizing tens of thousands of working days and over 3 billion VND to build roads, schools, clinics, and irrigation works. Opening 100 km of new roads, over 10 km of which were paved. Building Cong Troi Road (Trang Da). Building Nong Tien reservoir, Hung Thanh and Trang Da canals; building Do culvert, Gao bridge [28, p.21]... The town's functional agencies have coordinated well with relevant levels and sectors of the province to carry out site clearance and complete the construction of the Nong Tien bridge approach road. By 1995, the Nong Tien bridge project was officially inaugurated, and people on both banks of the Lo river could travel conveniently. Many communes and wards have received investment from the State to build solid working offices. At the same time, the town's Monument to the Heroes and Martyrs was also inaugurated. To make the town green, clean, civilized, and polite... The town's People's Committee has decided to establish an urban sanitation team. [87, pp.9-13].

In the field of land, especially at the time when the country was transitioning to a market economy, for the cadres and people of Tuyen Quang, this - urban land - was a new category. Therefore, it was not until 1993 that the Land Law was promulgated by the State that the concept of urban land and other types of land was formed in the thinking of the cadres and people of the town. It was not until the end of 1994 that the State issued a Decree on urban land management and use. The Provincial People's Council and the Provincial People's Committee issued Decision 217/QD-UB on temporary regulations on urban land management. Thus, there are still many issues regarding urban land that need to be resolved.

The planning of the new town focuses more on the layout of the land but less on the layout of space, and does not pay due attention to the preservation of the environment and natural landscape. The situation of some residential areas and some streets lacking technical and social infrastructure, with disorganized and unsightly architectural appearance, and inadequate urban drainage. Urban sanitation has many problems, especially in public places... Urban management still has many shortcomings. Land management, construction management, traffic order management and technical infrastructure works still have many weaknesses.

Thus, in the coming time, urban planning and expansion work needs to have appropriate and certain steps and methods, creating the premise for Tuyen Quang town to develop into a modern urban area.

2.2.2. Society.

Education - training, culture - information - sports

Implementing the socialization of education, the town has made great efforts in upgrading, repairing, and building facilities for schools; 72% of classrooms are built at level 4 and solid. Establishing a Specialized High School; completing the separation of primary and secondary schools, opening a class for disabled children. In 1995, there were over 14,000 students at all levels; in 1992, the number of excellent teachers increased 1.97 times, the number of excellent students increased 4 times compared to the previous school year; every year, the number of graduating students reached 98% or more; all communes and wards had kindergartens [11, p.139]. In 1995, the town was recognized by the province as the first unit to complete universal secondary education.

Implementing the Resolution of the Central Committee 2 (VIII term) on education - training and science - technology, the town has focused on training and retraining the staff and party members in politics, professional expertise, foreign languages, and information technology (in terms of expertise: 202 people were sent to intermediate school, 470 people to college and university; 50 people to graduate school).

The quality of teaching and learning has been gradually improved. Focus on training and standardizing the teaching staff in terms of professional capacity and moral qualities. The rate of teachers at all levels meeting standards ranges from 71% to 99.3%; excellent teachers reach 30%. Attracting children of all ages and preschools in various forms of public, semi-public, and private nurseries and groups reaches 80%. Students reaching the age of entering grade 1 reach 100%; the secondary school graduation rate reaches 98%, the high school graduation rate reaches

95%. The number of excellent students at the provincial and national levels in the town annually accounts for 2/3 of the excellent students in the whole province. Opened a specialized secondary school in the town with 10 math and literature classes. Extensively implemented the policy of socializing education, promoting the activities of the education councils at the commune and ward levels. Every year, the town's People's Committee invested the budget to renovate and repair enough classrooms. Communes and wards proactively took care of the facilities for kindergartens, nurseries and preschools. By 2000, 7 schools had upgraded and built new two-story buildings with 103 classrooms; the remaining schools were all level 4 buildings, with 50% of the classrooms being solid, inner-city schools had surrounding walls, brick or cement yards; suburban schools had brick or cement yards, brick walls or green hedges. Every year, people contributed from 200 to 300 million VND to build and repair classrooms, purchase desks and chairs; Mobilize and effectively use resources contributed by the people, over 3 billion VND, to build schools. Diversify training types, develop boarding classes and family children's groups. Implement a dual-task council, open cultural supplementary classes, create favorable conditions for disadvantaged youth to complete high school. Focus resources on renovating, upgrading, and building new schools. [2, p.339]

Cultural, information and sports activities were strongly developed, becoming a mass movement. By 1995, 60% of households in the town had televisions, 35% of households had radios, the quality of radio and television broadcasting was increasingly improved, and the cultural and spiritual life of the people was improved. The town focused on propagating the Party's guidelines and policies, the State's laws and local political tasks, propagating the election of deputies to the 10th National Assembly, and commemorating the 50th anniversary of the Song Lo victory. Upgraded and expanded the radio network to residential areas of 4 communes. Completed construction and put into operation the Trang Da commune cultural house.

The cultural, artistic and sports movements have developed strongly from the grassroots. In 1998, the whole town had 45 mass art teams, in 2000 there were 58 teams and 240 sports teams operating regularly. Implemented well.

The movement " all people unite to build a cultural life in residential areas" . There are 203 hamlets and residential groups that have built a cultural lifestyle convention, reaching 100%. The number of households meeting the standards of a cultural family is 80%; the number of cultural hamlets and groups is 70%. [21, p.31]

Health - environment

In 1992, the Town Population and Family Planning Committee and the Town Child Protection and Care Committee were established. In 1993, the Town Health Center was established. Medical facilities performed well in medical examination and treatment and primary health care for the people, well implemented national health programs such as expanded immunization reaching 100%, maintaining the population growth rate below 1.5%... Maintaining good disease prevention, epidemic prevention, food safety and hygiene inspection, and environmental sanitation.

Health care work is given attention, the Party Committee focuses on consolidating and gradually improving the quality of the grassroots health network, strengthening education, maintaining medical ethics among health workers, doing a good job of propaganda, guiding people in disease prevention and hygiene. Implementing national health programs well. Preventive health care work has progressed, preventing epidemics from occurring. In 1997, Tuyen Quang town was the first unit in the province to eliminate leprosy. The integration of health - population - child care and protection programs has achieved good results. The expanded vaccination of all 6 types of vaccines annually for children under 1 year old reached 100%. The rate of malnourished children was reduced from 24% in 1996 to 8% in 2000. The population growth rate was maintained below 1%. [21, p.30]

Implementing social policy

Along with the general socio-economic development achievements of the province and the town, there have been very encouraging progresses. However, with the current conditions of the town, there are still many difficulties not only in socio-economic development but also in implementing social policies.

At the 7th Congress (1991), after identifying the basic characteristics of the socialist society that our people are building, our Party raised the major orientation "Correct social policies for human happiness are a great driving force for the development of all creative potentials of the people in building socialism" [34, p.13]. In that spirit, the town has paid attention to leading the implementation of social policies, encouraging legal enrichment along with actively eliminating hunger, reducing poverty, gradually narrowing the gap in development level and living standards between regions, ethnic groups, and social classes. It has approved 1,863 projects with a total loan capital of 5.7 billion VND, creating jobs for 4,150 workers [28, p.31]. Encourage vocational training and learning among the people. The town's initial success in employment policies for the people, especially farmers, when switching to a market economy is to make farmers the main actors in economic development (household economy, farm economy, new-style cooperatives...) and create opportunities for farmers to access production and business resources (land, capital, credit, science and technology...) linked to the market.

Implementing social policies well, paying attention to families with meritorious services to the country, veteran revolutionary cadres, heroic Vietnamese mothers, war invalids, and martyrs’ families. Promoting the nation’s fine traditions, the movements “When drinking water, remember its source”, “Repaying gratitude”, and the movement to build a gratitude fund have received widespread response from the people.

From 1991 to 1995, the town's officials and people supported social funds with 386,479 million VND, built 5 gratitude houses worth 50 million VND, gave 651 savings books to families of war invalids, martyrs, families with meritorious services to the country in difficulty, provided social assistance and relief to 3,759 people with a value of 104.6 million VND. In 1992, to celebrate the 45th anniversary of War Invalids and Martyrs Day, the town launched a nationwide campaign to build a gratitude fund. Resolved post-war welfare policies for more than 1,000 families. Implementing the hunger eradication and poverty reduction program, the government and organizations at all levels built many projects and created

favorable conditions, guiding people to borrow 9 billion VND, creating jobs, developing production. In 1993, the poverty rate was 10.53%. In 1995, the poverty rate was 8.68%; the number of well-off and rich households increased by 8%. [20, p.5]

In 2000, Supported the renovation and repair of 118 houses of gratitude. Subsidized 145.6 million VND for 49 children affected by Agent Orange. Due to good performance in social policy, care for war invalids and martyrs' families, in 1997, on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of War Invalids and Martyrs' Day, Tuyen Quang town was awarded the Third Class Labor Medal by the State. Along with that, all levels, sectors and functional agencies of the town have carried out charity and humanitarian campaigns well, with the amount of money mobilized to support 1.1 billion VND. The Party Committee and the People's Government of the town also focused on directing synchronous measures to reduce the poverty rate. Assigned government officials and organizations to help each household by providing guidance on production and livestock techniques and providing low-interest loans. In 1996, the poverty rate was 8.4%, in 2000 it was 0.55%, there were no more poverty households or poor policy households. [21, p.31]

Successfully carried out the general population and housing census on April 1, 1999. Developed and implemented a plan to prevent and mitigate natural disasters and floods, quickly overcome flood consequences, and mobilized people from all walks of life to buy government bonds, reaching 6.4 billion VND.

Thus, from very early on, the town government has focused on implementing the right social policy, focusing on human development, because people's happiness is a great driving force to promote all creative potential of the people in the process of building the country. Implementing good social policies for the people, ensuring social progress and equity will contribute to the growth and sustainable development of the locality.

2.2.3. Strengthening security - national defense - social order and safety

The town government pays attention to directing the building of a national defense and people's security posture. Implementing Directives 23 and 25 of the Politburo on protecting internal political security and combating peaceful evolution; Directive 135 of the Council of Ministers, Decree 141, Resolutions 05 and 06 of the Government, launching a mass movement to protect national security, the town focuses on directing the fight against corruption, smuggling; fighting social evils; and cracking down on drug trafficking, storage, and use gangs. In 5 years, the town has mobilized people to contribute 180 million VND to the security and defense fund. Summarizing the implementation of Directive 135 of the Council of Ministers, the town police and Minh Xuan ward police were awarded a Certificate of Merit by the Ministry of Home Affairs. [94, p.8]

Proactively develop plan A2, regional defense plan, anti-riot, regularly strengthen militia and self-defense forces, reserve mobilization forces. In 1992, organize sports festival, grassroots military performance, live-fire drills at the city level and some communes and wards, summarize 10 years of military mobilization work, 3 years of defense zone construction work. In 1993, the town organized live-fire drills in the remaining communes and wards, participated in the entire army exercise - 93, training militia and self-defense forces every year reached 100%.

Implementing Directive No. 06-CT/TW dated November 30, 1996 of the Politburo, since 1997, the City Party Committee has actively directed the fight against drugs and organized drug rehabilitation, established a steering committee for drug prevention, attached importance to propaganda work, developed radio and television programs, and oral propaganda about the dangerous effects of drugs. 1,005 agencies, units, schools, enterprises, hamlets, and people's groups studied and signed commitments to participate in drug prevention and control. Detected and prosecuted 118 cases with 184 defendants for drug crimes. Party committees and authorities regularly paid attention to directing the police force and mass organizations to organize rehabilitation for 2,351 drug addicts. Implemented the temporary regulations on drug rehabilitation of the Provincial People's Committee, thereby establishing a rehabilitation process.

3 stages. By 2000, 242 people had completed stage 2 and 45 people had completed the 3-stage detoxification process. [2, p.342]

The Party Committees and authorities of communes and wards mobilized a combined force: commune and ward police, civil defense, militia, self-defense forces, medical staff, Fatherland Front staff and organizations to manage drug addiction treatment. Invested in building a community drug addiction treatment house in each ward and built 6 level 4 houses, renovated lighting lines, installed tap water lines, and built water tanks for "Construction Site 06" (the construction site was named after Directive No. 06 - CT/TW dated November 30, 1996 of the Politburo (VIII term) on strengthening leadership and direction in drug prevention and control).

The work of preventing and combating drug abuse has achieved great results in pushing back drug abuse, organizing drug rehabilitation for hundreds of addicts, contributing significantly to maintaining order and security in the area. The 3-stage drug rehabilitation model is a successful model, which has been referenced and applied by many localities.

Party committees at all levels pay attention to directing the mass movement to protect national security, build a strong police force in communes and wards, protect the people, and protect agencies and enterprises. Law enforcement agencies closely coordinate in investigation, prosecution, and trial to ensure compliance with the law. Pay attention to national defense education, raise revolutionary vigilance, and fight to defeat the enemy's "peaceful evolution" plot. Build a national defense posture associated with the people's security posture. Build a solid defense zone. Complete the annual military recruitment work well. Build a strong militia, self-defense force, and reserve mobilization force. Maintain a good combat readiness regime, be ready to deal with all situations, and perform well in city-level defense zone drills.

Summary:

From 1991 to 2000, the Party Committee and people of all ethnic groups in Tuyen Quang town united, promoted the revolutionary tradition of their homeland, with the spirit of self-reliance, self-strengthening, proactiveness, creativity, seized opportunities and advantages, overcame many difficulties and challenges, strived to successfully complete socio-economic, security and defense goals, built a clean and strong Party Committee in accordance with the spirit of the Resolutions of the 15th and 16th Town Party Congresses; gradually overcame all difficulties, carried out comprehensive innovation in the economic, cultural and social fields, and moved towards industrialization, modernization, and agricultural and rural development.

After 10 years, enterprises have made good progress, the average annual industrial production value increased by 11.3%. Five state-owned enterprises have been equitized, some dynamic joint-stock enterprises have developed well, ensuring jobs and stable income for workers. Small and medium-sized industries as well as other occupations have been consolidated and developed. Production value in 2000 increased by 65.4% compared to 1996, creating jobs for over 3,000 households, focusing on the following occupations: mechanics, construction, garment, weaving, and broom making. Effectively implementing the program of solidifying intra-field canals, completing the "land consolidation" associated with the planning of field construction in 4 communes. The crop structure has been shifted, the crop seasons have been arranged reasonably, the land use coefficient has been increased by 2.6 times, and the value of cultivation on each area has been enhanced. Initially forming fruit growing areas of longan, custard apple, lychee, and persimmon. The town's annual budget revenue exceeded the assigned plan, reaching over 31 billion VND in 2000, an increase of 8.4% compared to 1996. The town completed universal primary education - combating illiteracy in 1992, in 1995 it was recognized as meeting national standards for universal secondary education, in 1999 there were 2 primary schools meeting national standards. By 2000, 100% of schools had built level 4 houses or higher, of which 7 schools had built 2-storey houses; at the same time, it did a good job of socializing education, actively implementing the method of "one council, two tasks" towards universal secondary education. Tuyen Quang town still maintains

firmly implement drug addiction treatment according to the 3-stage process; effectively implement poverty reduction work; the poverty rate in 1996 was 8.47%, in 2000 the poverty rate was only 0.55% [28, p.10]. The campaign "All people unite to build a new life in residential areas" was widely implemented and achieved good results.

Comprehensive care for cultural and social aspects; the material and spiritual life of the people in the province has been improved and gradually raised; national defense has been consolidated, maintaining political security and social order and safety. The leadership role of the Party and the management and administration of the authorities at all levels have been strengthened. The activities of the Fatherland Front and mass organizations have become increasingly effective; the people of all ethnic groups in the province have enthusiastically believed in the Party's renewal policy, thereby the close relationship between the people and the Party and the State has been increasingly strengthened... These are fundamental changes, the premise for creating conditions for the town to develop in the coming time.

However, in this period, there are still many shortcomings and limitations: the potential of land, water resources, labor, and capital for agricultural development has not been properly and effectively exploited. Industry develops slowly, technology, machinery, and equipment are outdated; planning work has not met requirements. The marketing and competitiveness of state-owned enterprises, market management, export, and financial management still have many limitations. The consolidation, arrangement, and innovation of state-owned enterprises and foreign economic development are still slow. Science and technology have not created a breakthrough in production development. The quality of teaching and learning in general schools and vocational schools is still low; the exploitation, preservation, and promotion of traditional cultural capital of ethnic groups, famous landscapes, historical and cultural relics are still weak. The quality of health care and protection for the people is still limited; labor, employment, hunger eradication and poverty reduction have not been resolved in a sustainable manner. Propaganda and education work on national defense and security tasks has not been carried out comprehensively and widely; grasping and resolving the situation at the grassroots level has not been timely.

Strengthening Security - National Defense - Social Order and Safety

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