Managing cultural activities at Lac village tourist area, Mai Chau - 3

Concept of FW Taylor (1856 - 1915) he was a scientist and in scientific terms he said that "Management is completing one's work through others and knowing exactly how they have completed the work in the best and cheapest way" [10, p.18].

According to the English-Vietnamese dictionary, "management" translated into English is "manage" which means to control. However, in the Vietnamese dictionary, "management" means "to look after", "to preserve" according to certain requirements, and also to organize and control activities according to certain requirements.

According to author Tran Quoc Thanh: "Management is the conscious influence of the management subject to command, control, and guide social management processes, human behavior and actions to achieve goals, in accordance with the manager's will, in accordance with objective laws" [18, p.11].

Regardless of the approach, the nature of management activities is the method of impact (organization, control, inspection) in accordance with the law of the management subject.

management to the management object in an organization to make the organization operate effectively and achieve the set goals.

Management can be understood as an activity in which the management subject impacts the management object with the purpose of maintaining, creating relationships and achieving the set results. The nature of management activities is the way of impact (organization, control, inspection) in accordance with the law of the management subject on the management object in an organization to make the organization operate effectively and achieve the set goals. Management is an art because it is a special activity in which the most important relationship is people, requiring skillful and flexible application of observed experiences and accumulated knowledge. That art is expressed in the attitude of behavior and specific psychological principles.

1.1.2. Cultural management

According to the book " Professional skills in cultural and social work in communes, wards and towns" , authored by Vu Dang Minh - Nguyen The Vinh, National Political Publishing House, Hanoi, 2016, the concept of state management of culture is mentioned as:

State management of culture is the continuous, organized, and purposeful impact of the State through its legal system and apparatus, aiming to develop culture, regulate the activities of all agencies, organizations, and individuals in the cultural and related fields, with the aim of preserving and promoting traditional cultural values ​​of Vietnam, absorbing the quintessence of human culture, building an advanced Vietnamese culture imbued with national identity, contributing to improving the material and spiritual life of the people [13, p.12].

Therefore, cultural management is the leadership of a person with a certain position and voice in a certain group, to set goals and directions to ensure that culture is a solid foundation of society.

Based on the approach to some viewpoints and understandings of cultural management, the author of the thesis would like to give his opinion: "Cultural management is the process of impact of the cultural management subject on the cultural management object according to the operating mechanisms and depends on the relationship between the cultural management subject and the cultural management object.

1.1.3. Cultural activities

On the Cultural Studies information portal about cultural activities, researcher Tran Ngoc Them said:

Not only do humans and nature transformed by humans belong to culture, but human activities, modes of activities, and technologies of activities to create those products also belong to culture. Activities are the link between humans, nature, and society: activities create culture and activities themselves are culture [37].

According to the Regulations on cultural activities and cultural service business in public places issued together with Decree No. 103/2009/ND-CP of the Government:

Cultural activities must aim to build an advanced culture imbued with national identity, educate people on healthy lifestyles and cultured behavior; inherit and promote traditions of humanity, affection, and good customs and traditions; improve understanding and aesthetic level, enrich people's spiritual life; prevent and eliminate cultural products with harmful content; contribute to promoting the socio-economic development of the country [5].

From that we see that cultural activities play an extremely essential role for each person. Because of cultural activities, people understand and appreciate the value of culture for today's social life.

Cultural activities are human activities that help to cultivate one's qualities and abilities with the aim of preventing and overcoming negative phenomena in society. Cultural activities are activities that help people feel refreshed after the stress that each person encounters. Culture is the art that brings inspiration, is the premise to help each person understand and absorb the culture of the Vietnamese people.

From the above definitions of cultural activities, associated with the thesis topic, according to the author: Cultural activities are human activities, associated with the enjoyment and entertainment needs of people to meet the spiritual life of people. For a community tourism area, cultural activities include daily activities to meet the spiritual needs of the Thai community in Lac village, Mai Chau and cultural activities aimed at serving tourists.

1.1.4. Cultural activities management

Managing cultural activities is a process that includes many different activities such as: organizing and managing cultural activities at the local level, agencies at all levels from grassroots to local.

According to Decree 103/2009/ND-CP, it is stipulated that: Heads of state agencies, economic organizations, political organizations, social organizations, professional social organizations, and social organizations are responsible before the law for cultural activities and cultural services within their scope of management [5].

In the article Some issues on preserving and exploiting ethnic cultural values ​​for tourism by author Bui Quang Thanh published in the Scientific Bulletin of the Vietnam National Institute of Culture and Arts, the concept of "cultural management" in modern society is understood as the work of the state, carried out through the promulgation of regulations, policies, organization of implementation, inspection and supervision of the implementation of legal documents.

violations of the law in the cultural field, at the same time aiming to contribute to the socio-economic development of each locality and the whole country. Looking at the practice, it is not difficult to see that cultural management is also understood as the subjective impact in many forms and methods of the management subject (party agencies, state, organizations, civil structures, individuals given the right and responsibility to manage) on the object (all components participating in and creating cultural life) to achieve the desired goal (ensuring culture is the spiritual foundation of society, enhancing the national position, improving the quality of life of the people) [17].

Cultural management is the organization that implements programs with the purpose of ensuring political, artistic, and festive tasks and meeting the needs of the people. Cultural management is also the management of cultural relics that have been and are being preserved, in addition to finding funding sources to improve and cultivate all aspects of artists.

Cultural activity management is understood as the conscious impact of the management subject to command, control, orient, and guide cultural activities to meet the enjoyment and entertainment needs of the people, fostering the spiritual life to develop in the direction of truth - goodness - beauty. Cultural life management at Lac Mai Chau tourist area is the orientation, guidance, and organization of cultural activities to meet the daily spiritual needs of the Thai people in Mai Chau, at the same time controlling and controlling the development orientation of cultural activities to serve tourists.

1.1.5. Community tourism area

According to the World Tourism Organization, tourism includes all activities of people traveling and staying temporarily, for the purpose of sightseeing, exploring and learning, experiencing or for the purpose of resting, entertaining, relaxing; as well as the purpose of practicing profession and other purposes, in a continuous period but not exceeding one year, outside the living environment.

settlement; but excluding travel whose main purpose is to earn money. Tourism is also a form of active rest in a living environment different from that of settlement.

According to the Vietnamese Encyclopedia (1966), the first meaning: Tourism is a form of rest and active sightseeing of people outside their place of residence for the purpose of; rest, entertainment, sightseeing, historical sites, cultural and artistic works; The second meaning: Tourism is a comprehensive business with high efficiency in many aspects; such as improving understanding of nature, historical traditions and national culture, thereby contributing to increasing love for the country; for foreigners, it is friendship with their own people; in terms of economics, tourism is a very effective business sector; it can be considered a form of exporting goods and services on the spot [41].

According to Respondsible Ecological Social Tours (1997), community-based ecotourism is a form of tourism that emphasizes the environment, culture and society. Community-based ecotourism is owned and managed by the community, for the community and allows tourists to raise awareness and learn about the community and their daily lives.

According to researchers Nicole Hausle and Wollfgang Strasdas (2009) on the Encyclopedia website: “Community-based ecotourism is a form of tourism in which local people are mainly responsible for development and management. The economic benefits from tourism will remain in the local economy.”

According to the 2017 Law on Tourism: Community tourism is a type of tourism developed on the basis of cultural values ​​of the community, managed, organized, exploited and benefited by the community.

Tourist area is a place with attractive tourism resources with advantages in natural tourism resources, planned and invested in development to meet the needs.

diverse needs of tourists, bringing economic - social and environmental efficiency.

Thus, community tourism areas are understood as places where ecological and humanistic tourism resources predominate, especially community cultural values. The community is both the subject of creating cultural values, managing, organizing the exploitation and benefiting from cultural values ​​from tourism activities.

1.2. Legal basis

1.2.1. Party documents

Resolution 5 of the 8th Central Committee on culture sets out 10 specific tasks, including the task of preserving and promoting cultural values. The content of this task includes the following three groups of issues:

One is: the role of cultural heritage is determined:

- Cultural heritage is a priceless asset, closely linked to the national community.

- Cultural heritage is the core of national identity.

- Cultural heritage is the basis for creating new values.

- Cultural heritage is the basis for cultural exchange.

Second: The work of preserving and promoting the value of cultural heritage has a central task, in which:

- Respect the preservation, inheritance and promotion of traditional cultural values ​​(scholarly and folk), including both tangible and intangible culture.

- Respect the preservation, inheritance and promotion of revolutionary values, including both tangible and intangible culture.

Third: The work of preserving and promoting cultural heritage for contemporary life: Researching and extensively educating the good national ethics left by our ancestors is a regular and continuous task that must be done.

Based on the Party's cultural guidelines, Resolution 9 of the 11th Central Committee on building and developing Vietnamese human culture to meet the requirements of sustainable national development (2014) also clearly stated:

- Mobilize the strength of the whole society to preserve and promote new cultural values, absorb the quintessence of human culture, and enrich national culture.

- Develop a reasonable and harmonious solution mechanism between preserving and promoting cultural heritage and socio-economic development. Preserve and restore typical historical and cultural relics, serve traditional education and economic development, and link preserving and promoting cultural heritage with tourism development.

Resolution No. 33-NQTW on building and developing Vietnamese culture and people. This is a document of the state's guidelines and policies on culture, emphasizing:

Resolution on building and developing Vietnamese culture and people to meet the requirements of sustainable national development. Building a comprehensively developed Vietnamese culture and people, aiming at truth - goodness - beauty, imbued with national spirit, humanity, democracy and science. Culture truly becomes a solid spiritual foundation of society, an important endogenous strength to ensure sustainable development and firmly protect the Fatherland for the goal of a rich people, strong country, democracy, fairness and civilization [1].

Resolution No. 08-NQ/TW of the economic sector, dated January 16, 2017 of the 12th Politburo on developing tourism into a spearhead. The Resolution is a document of the Party's guidelines and policies, also clearly stating the current situation and reality of tourism in our country. The Resolution has put forward viewpoints and goals that need to be achieved in the coming years, and also proposed tasks and solutions to innovate and improve the tourism industry so that the tourism industry becomes sustainable according to the regulations of society and the market economy [2].

Action Program No. 27-Ctr/Tu dated October 3, 2014 of Hoa Binh province on the implementation of Resolution No. 33-NQ/TW dated June 9, 2014 of the 11th Party Central Committee Conference on "building and developing Vietnamese culture and people to meet the needs of sustainable national development":