Flights are still delayed, flight schedules and times are often changed, it is difficult to book air tickets for a large group of guests due to lack of tickets, and prices are still high.
The most difficult problem for the road passenger transport business today is the very bad road condition in Vietnam (The road system in our country is relatively poor compared to the region, 47% is bad road, only about 7% of the length of national highways is relatively good), the development of the road traffic system does not keep up with the development of means of transport, especially in big cities like Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, the chaotic situation, traffic jams, traffic accidents are always a burning issue, affecting the psychology and safety of international tourists when traveling on the roads of Vietnam. While countries with developed tourism industries in the region such as Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand all have subway systems, cross-line trains connecting shopping areas with hotels, popular tourist attractions, making it easier for tourists and locals to travel, in Vietnam, these projects are only being planned. Until then, regular travel within the city remains a major challenge for international visitors.
Our railway density is higher than that of East Asian countries, but it is mainly developed in the North, and the quality of the roads is poor. The problems of hygiene, food and drink on the trains, and the service of railway staff are issues that the railway industry needs to overcome to further improve the quality of service, bringing good impressions to tourists.
Regarding waterway transport, seaports are unevenly distributed, mainly concentrated in the Central region while the majority of passengers are concentrated in the North and South. Moreover, every year there are often sudden floods and prolonged droughts, so the exploitation of waterway transport in our country is not very effective.
Communication system
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The quality and cost of using the communication system is still a matter of discussion. Telephone signals in big cities like Hanoi are often still weak, making many mobile phone calls impossible. The price of telecommunications services is still much higher than in other countries in the region. In the coming time, we need to invest more to improve the quality of the communication system and reduce the cost of use to match the general level of countries in the region.
On international cooperation and tourism promotion
Vietnam has not yet proactively exploited its existing advantages and the advantages that international integration and cooperation bring. Some large projects are proposed by countries and international organizations, not by us. The reception and implementation of support projects from countries and international organizations are still confusing. Our commitments and cooperation contents in the past have been focused on meeting the requirements of partners. Some cases are still passive, coping with the situation, there is no close consistency in the commitments between the organizations that we participate in and especially the slow formation of a long-term strategy and plan. Participation in the international tourism market is still spontaneous, not at the national level, and has not grasped the trends of each type of market.
About environmental protection
The rapid development of tourism, although bringing high economic efficiency, is accompanied by the emergence of negative impacts. These negative impacts have at times and in some places seriously destroyed the natural environment and landscape. The reality of tourism development in recent times in Vietnam in general and in many key tourist areas such as Ha Long, Vung Tau, Nha Trang, Da Lat ... in particular shows that issues affecting sustainable development have emerged. In the major tourist centers of the country, the negative impacts of tourism on development in general and the environment in particular have been clearly seen. These are: environmental pollution, traffic congestion, overcrowding in
Important tourist destinations cause conflicts between the exploitation and conservation of natural tourism resources as well as cultural tourism resources. Phu Quoc Island could have been built into a Singapore if we knew how to invest, but that opportunity is no longer there because now, this island, like other tourist destinations in Vietnam, has been fragmented and difficult to restore. Many scenic spots in our country have been encroached upon, typically the UNESCO-recognized world natural heritage - Ha Long Bay. Ha Long, which was poetic ten years ago with clear blue water, has now been littered by people, raised tiger prawns, opened restaurants on the sea, polluting the environment and losing its beauty. Tuan Chau Island with a road directly connecting to the mainland has completely destroyed the environment of Ha Long Bay. To level that road, people have unintentionally pushed the sand and soil down to the bottom of Ha Long Bay, turning Ha Long into a muddy pond below, making the water increasingly turbid. The white waves that followed the ships visiting the bay ten years ago have now been replaced by yellow waves the color of mud….
The reason for these negative impacts is that in the direction, management, use and exploitation of tourism resources, only immediate benefits have been paid attention to, without paying full attention to the protection and restoration, and the impact of tourism on the environment and the environment on tourism has not been fully assessed. On the other hand, due to the lack of good education on tourism for the whole population, not everyone understands the position and role of tourism in community life as well as the significance of preserving natural resources and environmental landscapes... to improve the quality of tourism products from the perspective of sustainable tourism development.
The year 2007 was a year with very basic advantages but also many great difficulties and challenges for tourism activities. However, the Vietnamese tourism industry still achieved remarkable achievements: For the first time, the number of international visitors to Vietnam exceeded the threshold of 4 million international visitors a year; the quality of tourism products and services was significantly improved, and the position of Vietnamese tourism was increasingly recognized.
Vietnam has significantly improved; the tourism industry has basically completed the planned targets. However, besides the achieved results, the tourism industry's activities in 2007 still revealed some shortcomings and limitations, and it cannot be affirmed that the industry has developed sustainably. Therefore, the problem is to find the main solutions and implement those solutions to bring our country's tourism towards sustainable development.
CHAPTER 3
SOLUTIONS TO PROMOTE VIETNAM TOURISM TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
I. PERSPECTIVES AND GOALS OF TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN VIETNAM
1. Basic views on tourism development
In the cause of national renewal, our Party and State have identified tourism as “an important strategic direction in the socio-economic development policy of the Party and State” (Directive No. 46-CP/TW dated October 14, 1994 of the Central Party Secretariat). That requires all sectors and levels, of which tourism is the core, to have new awareness and thinking, in order to mobilize all resources of the country to “Strongly develop tourism, forming a tourism industry with a scale increasingly commensurate with the great tourism potential of our country” as set out in the 7th Resolution of the 7th Central Party Executive Committee. And through the Congresses, the Party and State have established and consistently adopted a system of viewpoints on tourism development in the new situation.
1.1 Tourism development is effective in many aspects
This viewpoint comes from the fact that tourism is a comprehensive economic sector. In the process of developing the tourism industry, it is necessary to harmoniously resolve the relationship between economic efficiency and social efficiency, simultaneously implementing and ensuring consistency in solving economic and social goals, immediate and long-term benefits. The above viewpoint is very suitable for the reality of our country when the division of social labor is not highly developed, people's lives are still low, solving employment is an urgent requirement of society, tourism development will actively contribute to solving that common requirement.
1.2 Developing tourism with the participation of many economic sectors and unified management by the State
Experiences from many countries in the world and in the region show that one of the many important reasons for the rapid and steady development of the tourism industry is that many sectors participate in activities in this field. In our country, in recent years, the implementation of that policy in tourism development has aroused many potentials to participate in this activity. The achievements that the tourism industry has achieved in recent years have the contribution of many economic sectors.
Mobilizing economic sectors to participate in tourism development under the unified management of the State are two sides of a unified issue: both mobilizing many resources and making our country's tourism develop in the right direction, stabilizing the tourism business market.
1.3 Development of international and domestic tourism
The viewpoint of developing international tourism originates from the foreign policy of our Party and State "Vietnam wants to be friends with all countries" which is consistent with the trend of developing world tourism and anticipates the opportunity of the world tourism wave moving towards the Asia-Pacific region.
Vietnam is a region with a lot of potential for tourism development. If these potentials are exploited in the right direction and with a plan, in the near future, Vietnam will become a tourist market with great appeal to international tourists. The reality of tourism development in recent years shows that more and more international tourists are coming to the Vietnamese market.
The development of domestic tourism originates from the fact that the material and cultural life of our people is increasingly improved, the demand for rest, sightseeing, entertainment... of many groups and classes of people is increasing. This is really an extremely favorable condition for the development and expansion of domestic tourism business activities.
Therefore, the development of international and domestic tourism are both important driving forces to promote Vietnam's tourism to develop strongly and become a key economic sector in the national economy. This viewpoint requires close coordination in the relationship between localities and tourism enterprises in establishing and implementing tourism promotion activities. Thus, tourism development according to this viewpoint needs to be comprehensive and synchronous, with close coordination between levels and sectors. With the great tourism potential of our country, if we know how to exploit it well, we will increasingly meet the needs of domestic and foreign tourists.
1.4 Rapid and sustainable tourism development
The economic and social development of our country is in a context that is both favorable and difficult, opportunities and risks are intertwined, and that context also influences the entire process of developing Vietnam's tourism. On the one hand, it is required to make efforts to rapidly develop tourism to catch up with countries in the region, contributing to the socio-economic development of the country. On the other hand, the tourism industry, like many other economic sectors in our country, is operating in a fiercely competitive environment with an open trend, so sustainability in the development process is an inevitable requirement to be able to maintain and enhance the competitiveness of the industry with the outside market. Therefore, tourism development must simultaneously achieve effectiveness in many aspects: economy, politics, national security and defense, social order and safety, protection of the ecological environment, preservation and promotion of traditions and national cultural identity, etc.
1.5 Building tourism into a spearhead industry
Based on the analysis of the comparative advantages and development of the industry, our Party has determined that tourism has all the conditions and capabilities to become a key economic sector of the country. Our country's tourism industry is developing based on extremely large tourism resources, an advantage that not every industry has. Moreover, this viewpoint is also based on
into the regular trend of economic development under the strong impact of the scientific and technological revolution, that is, the service sector increasingly accounts for a large proportion in the industry structure of the national economy. Some countries in the Southeast Asian region have similar tourism resources to our country, but due to some more favorable conditions in terms of politics and society, they have promoted tourism development early, so up to now their tourism industry has developed quite strongly, holding an important position in the national economy. Based on that theoretical and practical basis, the 7th National Party Congress clearly stated "Gradually forming a number of key industries such as agricultural, forestry and fishery processing, electronic technology, information, and tourism"
In short, the basic viewpoints of the Party and State on tourism development above are closely related to each other, forming a system of theoretical viewpoints that have the effect of guiding tourism development not only in the immediate future but also for a long-term process, aiming to bring our country's tourism to a position worthy of its resources.
2. Tourism development goals:
Through many National Party Congresses and Central resolutions, many state documents have mentioned the goals in Vietnam's tourism development strategy, including a fairly comprehensive system of tourism goals. That system of goals includes economic goals, national security, social safety and order, environmental goals, socio-cultural goals, etc.
2.1 General objectives
Developing tourism into a spearhead economic sector on the basis of effectively exploiting advantages in natural conditions, ecology, cultural and historical traditions, maximizing domestic resources and taking advantage of international cooperation and support, contributing to the industrialization and modernization of the country, gradually turning our country into a regional tourism center.