The Role of State Management in the Development of Traditional Craft Villages

According to the concept of scientists researching management today: Management is the influence, command, and control of social processes and human activities so that they develop in accordance with the laws, achieve the set goals and are in accordance with the will of the manager.

In this understanding, management is the organization and direction of social activities to achieve a goal of the manager. According to this approach, management has clearly stated the management method and management purpose.

Thus, in the most general understanding, management is the impact of the management subject on the management object to achieve the management goal. The impact depends on the scientific perspective, different fields as well as the approach of the researcher.

Based on the concept of management: Management is a process in which the management subject organizes, operates, and impacts the management object in a scientific and artistic manner with a directional and purposeful purpose in order to achieve optimal results according to the set goals through the use of appropriate methods and tools. State management is understood as the process of organizing and operating the state administrative agency system for social processes and human activities according to the law in order to achieve the goals, requirements, and tasks of state management.

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In addition, State management is also approached according to specific areas and aspects of management. It is a comprehensive system including the following elements: Objectives, contents, methods, organizational principles, technical and technological facilities serving management work, and operating environment of areas in economic and social life.

1.1.3.2. The role of state management in the development of traditional craft villages

Firstly, State management of traditional craft village development will guide

for local craft village production activities to develop in accordance with local goals set out on the basis of creating a favorable environment for local craft villages to access resources and human resources.

Second, State management of traditional craft village development plays a role in regulating resources and allocating resources appropriately to the characteristics of each local industry. Through management tools, State management agencies will monitor the business activities of craft villages and take appropriate measures to handle any violations.

Third, State management of traditional craft village development has a supervisory role, ensuring timely detection and handling of violations in production and business activities of craft villages to ensure fairness, rights and obligations of production and business establishments, thereby preserving the traditional cultural values of craft villages.

1.1.3.3. Methods and tools of state management for the development of traditional craft villages

a. State management methods on traditional craft village development

To manage the state for the development of traditional craft villages, methods such as economic methods, administrative methods and educational methods are used. Depending on each specific object and situation, one or a combination of methods can be used to achieve the set goals in each different stage and period.

Economic method: Economic method is the indirect way of impact of the State, based on guiding economic benefits on the management object, to make the management object self-conscious, proactively complete the assigned tasks well. Economic method is an important method for the State as well as localities to implement management for craft village development.

Traditional. This method is institutionalized through economic policies such as land use, taxes, support activities, etc.

Administrative method: is the method of direct impact of the State through final and mandatory decisions within the legal framework on economic entities, aiming to achieve the State's goals in certain situations. The impact of regulating the actions and behaviors of economic entities is the mandatory impact of the State on the production and business activities of economic entities, aiming to ensure the implementation of State management goals. On the one hand, the administrative method is implemented based mainly on the legal system on the development of traditional craft villages, controlling by law and promptly preventing and handling violations, standardizing and cleaning up the team of State management officials on the development of traditional craft villages. On the other hand, this method is implemented on the basis of building and promulgating policies, guidelines, and orientations for traditional craft villages to comply with the country's socio-economic development policies and strategies.

Educational method is the way the State influences people's awareness and feelings to enhance their self-awareness, positivity and enthusiasm in performing their assigned tasks well. To contribute to the good implementation of State management contents on developing traditional craft villages, through means that can propagate and educate people in craft villages to raise awareness, responsibility, preserve the cultural values of the nation, enrich themselves and the country.

b. State management tools for traditional craft village development.

To perform its management function, the State can use tools including: Plans, policies and laws.

Planning tools: The state has guidelines for village development.

Traditional craft villages according to the set goals. Local authorities build and promptly implement strategies to develop traditional craft villages, plan and make specific plans to guide local traditional craft villages in accordance with the conditions of each locality and plan the overall use of resources optimally. Thanks to that, state management agencies have the basis to check and evaluate whether the activities are in the right direction or not. Craft village planning is suitable for the specific development of each industry.

Legal tools: Law is a system of general rules of compulsory nature expressing the will of the State and the social community, set, enforced and protected by the State to develop society according to its established characteristics. In the development of traditional craft villages, the State uses legal tools to manage and develop traditional craft villages to create a legal basis for establishing discipline for the production and business of traditional craft products. From there, it will detect and prevent illegal acts that cause harm to the economy and society.

Policy tools: is one of the main tools of the State to manage the economy, it focuses on certain solutions to implement partial goals towards the common goal of socio-economic development. This is a tool for the State to implement all viewpoints and principles, thereby demonstrating the determination and direction of building methods and measures of the State in adjusting a series of economic relations arising in order to put specific strategies and plans into practice, policies are born as an effective tool for further development. Some policies are used:

 State investment incentive policies.

The State can use preferential policies or funding to encourage investment in the craft village economic sector such as: full funding, partial funding.

part, financed by budget capital, financed by preferential credit loans...

 Financial and credit support policies for craft villages

The State can use the budget to provide capital or use the State credit fund to provide preferential credit capital for infrastructure businesses and businesses in craft villages. Through this direct support, craft villages have more favorable conditions to develop…

 Land policy

The State uses land policies to adjust land funds and land rental prices in craft village clusters. First of all, the State stipulates that the construction of craft village clusters must comply with regional planning, and must have a comprehensive, long-term plan for land to build craft villages. Second, the State intervenes in the process of land recovery and transfer to craft villages. Because land for building craft villages is often land that has been and is being used by residents. Therefore, in order to change the purpose of use, it is often necessary to carry out land recovery, concentration, compensation, and site clearance. The State affects this process through regulations on land recovery, compensation policies, resettlement policies, etc. For countries where land is owned by the entire population like ours, the State also affects the land allocation and land use conversion stages. On the one hand, State management ensures that the use of land for building craft villages is within the general land use plan, especially the balance between industrial land and agricultural land. On the other hand, complicated state regulations will make the land market less flexible, so the process of forming craft village industrial parks depends largely on the regulations and activism of state agencies.

 Labor and employment policy

The State manages the labor and employment sector of craft villages through enterprises and households in craft villages, trains workers, and creates conditions for workers in craft villages to have housing, medical services, education, and social security.

regulate the relationship between employers and workers in craft villages through many tools such as regulations on minimum wages, incentives for insurance aspects, the right to participate in political and social organizations, etc.

1.2. Contents of State management of traditional craft village development

1.2.1. Develop, promulgate and organize the implementation of legal documents in the development of traditional craft villages.

To manage traditional craft villages, local governments need to effectively direct the implementation of central laws and policies in their localities (issue guiding documents, organize implementation, inspect, and evaluate). The issuance of guiding documents at local levels is based on local practical requirements and industry management requirements, but does not contravene state laws. The purpose of issuing legal documents is to create favorable conditions for traditional craft villages to develop smoothly, bringing traditional craft village products to the world market.

In the State management of traditional craft village development, there are regulations on occupation conditions, traditional craft villages, conditions for establishing enterprises, business forms of enterprises, and business licenses. In addition to issuing legal documents, the State also directs and guides the implementation to affected subjects.

The issuance of legal documents also involves the coordination of relevant sectors and units. With assigned responsibilities and tasks, relevant agencies must be responsible for building a complete and timely information system.

1.2.2. Develop, promulgate and implement craft village development plans

Policies and plans are the means to manage the development of craft villages. They are a set of established plans or actions.

is carried out with the aim of developing craft villages according to the set goals.

The traditional craft village development plan is all the work systematically outlined within a certain period of time, with a certain purpose to achieve the goal effectively through specific actions.

Policy is a collection of policies and actions of State agencies to create mechanisms for traditional craft villages to develop by influencing, encouraging, mobilizing and concentrating resources, and optimally exploiting the potential and strengths of the locality in developing traditional craft villages according to the set goals.

Building and implementing plans and policies helps individuals, business households and professions clearly see the orientation, development goals, and development areas of local industries, thereby having a development direction. However, for plans and policies on developing traditional craft villages to be truly effective and meaningful, it is necessary to ensure that plans and policies are within the local socio-economic development plan, must be specified and synchronized. Therefore, the construction must be carried out by competent State agencies and under the direction and approval of the Provincial People's Committee.

1.2.3. Organizing the State management apparatus in State management of traditional craft village development.

In the State regulations, there are very specific regulations on the local State management apparatus in different fields, including the economic field. This apparatus is managed from the Department of Industry and Trade to the city economic and economic-infrastructure departments, the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development of the districts and is directly influenced by the People's Committees of the city and districts.

At the provincial level, the specialized state management agency is the Department of Industry and Trade. The department performing the state management function on industry, handicrafts, and craft villages is the Industrial Management Department of the Department of Industry and Trade, and the public service unit under the Department of Industry and Trade is the Industrial Promotion Center.

At the district and city levels, the specialized agencies advising and assisting the district People's Committee in performing the function of State management in the specific economic fields of industry and handicrafts are the City Economic Department and the District Infrastructure Economic Department. The specialized agencies are under the direction and management of the district People's Committee in terms of organization, staffing, and work, and are also under the direction and professional inspection of the provincial Department of Industry and Trade. In addition, there are a number of related agencies such as the District Compensation and Site Clearance Board, the District Vocational Training Center, the Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Finance and Planning, etc. The District People's Committee issues regulations on coordination with functional agencies in the development and State management of traditional craft village development to create favorable conditions for business entities and meet market demand.

1.2.4. Organizing and managing training activities and human resource development for craft village development

Currently, the development of traditional craft villages requires skilled workers, especially artisans and people with many years of experience in the profession. To meet the current demand for workers, the State needs to manage the training, fostering and development of human resources for the development of craft villages.

To improve training effectiveness, it is necessary to grasp training needs. It is the first basis for training institutions to be able to build meaningful training goals and programs, orienting training content and methods. If training does not meet actual needs, it will not meet local job requirements.

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