Strengthening Resources for Organizing Tourism Activities of Local Communities and Historical and Cultural Relic Management Units

Tourist guards at historical sites or on streets where many tourists gather to ensure the safety of visitors' property and lives.

- There is a mechanism to encourage foreign investment in relic sites, in order to restore, embellish, preserve and promote cultural values in relics while still ensuring to attract tourists. It is necessary to coordinate the exploitation and conservation of relics in a harmonious and effective manner by calling for investment capital from organizations, individuals, from the state budget, from foreign investment capital for tourism activities...

- In the management and exploitation of tourism resources, the problem for management agencies to solve is how to exploit Hanoi's historical and cultural relics to achieve optimal efficiency without affecting the value of the relics or destroying the city's landscape. How to resolve the contradiction between the need for capital for restoration investment and the actual capital exploited, the contradiction between preserving heritage and ensuring the quality of life for local residents.

3.4.3.For relic management units

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Implementing and implementing sustainable tourism development plans: sustainable tourism development plans have been applied and are effective in the world. Since 2009, sustainable heritage management planning has been effectively implemented by UNESCO in Quang Nam and some nature reserves in Vietnam. Monument management boards need to consider the current conditions and resources of the monuments in organizing tourism activities to apply each content in accordance with the value of the monuments, the community, and business units.

Building orientation and organizing tourism activities towards sustainable development: Review, research, and orient tourism activities in the DTLSVH towards sustainable development such as types of activities such as conservation, finance, quality, education, entertainment, etc.; orienting organizational forms such as simulation, activities around tangible elements; designing products based on the values of the relics to satisfy tourists' needs for essential, typical and additional needs; building orientations for necessary content to ensure economic, social and environmental balance, especially considering the use of local resources for products.

products of suppliers. Deploy the application of processes on survey organization, design, and implementation of tourism activities in DTLSVH towards sustainable development.

Strengthening the infrastructure and equipment system: In order to attract and retain visitors to the relics, it is necessary to pay attention to investing in building the infrastructure system at the relics such as the road system to the relics, the paths inside the relics that are convenient, scientific, clean, and have clear signs. Building the relics' campus, planting more trees, embanking, dredging lakes. Investing in the lighting system inside the relics as well as the air conditioning and ventilation system using environmentally friendly energy. Building and repairing public sanitation facilities that meet standards.

Monuments also need to apply information technology in management as well as service. It is necessary to equip computer systems and software to manage the organization of tourism activities. At the same time, store information about regular customers to facilitate customer care.

In addition, it is necessary to invest in building infrastructure to serve tourism activities related to the nature of each relic. Build documentary screening rooms with films related to the relics translated into many different languages. Design attractive, easy-to-understand models and diagrams and maps to serve the organization of tourism activities.

Improving the quality of human resources for organizing tourism activities: Human resources prioritize training to create heritage tour guides. Training contents on sustainable development orientation are regularly implemented such as responsibility for preserving the value of cultural heritage sites, responsibility to the community, the environment, and communication skills on responsibility and relevance to preserving and promoting the value of relics with domestic and foreign organizations and individuals, and even with tourists. Relics need to recruit the right people with the right training level and working ability for the job, with the main customer market of each relic; developing human resources: relics must improve the professional qualifications and foreign languages of staff by collaborating with specialized tourism training organizations to organize

Organize short-term training courses to update knowledge, organize study tours to learn from experience or send experienced staff to mentor new staff; relics should regularly monitor and inspect the compliance with regulations of staff participating in organizing tourism activities; have appropriate policies to encourage staff, including both material and spiritual ones. Relics need to develop clear reward and punishment policies, strictly implement them to stimulate the ability to work effectively and creatively of staff. Relics need to pay more attention to the needs of staff; create a service culture among all staff of the relic. Relics need to determine customer orientation criteria for each department in the relic.

3.5. CONDITIONS FOR IMPLEMENTING SOLUTIONS

3.5.1. Strengthening resources for organizing tourism activities of local communities and units managing historical and cultural relics

In order to organize tourism activities, in addition to surveying and assessing the ability to respond, the relic management unit needs to assess the current status of the unit's resources in organizing tourism activities. The resources of the unit organizing tourism activities include human resources, facilities, finance, and management and operation capacity. The assessment of the current status of the unit's resources for organizing activities needs to focus on the following contents: types of activities that have been and are being implemented, technology and processes being implemented, implementation conditions and regulations, information and promotion work, partners, competition, and difficulties and challenges.

Quality of human resources of the unit organizing tourism activities at the relics: human resources are the direct factor creating and deciding the quality of work of managers and employees; cooperation between individuals and related units; quality of organizing tourism activities.

Level of organization and management at the relic: this is shown in the ability to analyze work, plan, organize, operate, implement, and inspect the organization of tourism activities.

Technical facilities: stops, parking lots, assembly areas, signs,

walkways, signs, parking lots, toilets, facilities; scale and capacity of areas hosting tourist activities. Free zones, protected areas, activity areas, logistics areas, etc.

Operation system: the process of implementing and transferring services involving many subjects: customers, employees, equipment, facilities to be able to provide services such as pick-up, drop-off, service, handling arising issues... and the system to support management, supervision and quality control of tourism activities.

Finance: annual budget, cash resources, sponsor sources, investment and organization of tourism activities, revenue sources.

Resources that can be mobilized: rented or shared from other partners in organizing tourism activities such as vehicles, human resources, and technical facilities.

Local community: local community is ready to respond and participate in activities to preserve and sustainably exploit relics, protect traditional culture and natural resources. Provide facilities and human resources to organize tourism activities.

3.5.2. Mechanisms, policies, and a complete, synchronous, and consistent system of legal and sub-legal documents orienting sustainable tourism development.

The units managing the DTLSVH can only coordinate with travel agencies to organize tourism activities when there are mechanisms, policies, and a system of documents regulating the organization of appropriate tourism activities. Mechanisms, policies, and regulations are reflected in aspects such as ensuring security and safety for tourists and tourism organizations and businesses; simple and convenient administrative procedures for tourism production and consumption; regulations on payment, regulations on preservation and promotion of relics, regulations on ranking relics, regulations on environmental protection, regulations on responsibility to the community, etc. The completeness, comprehensiveness, and synchronization of the legal system from the promulgation of legal documents, law enforcement to the inspection, supervision of law implementation by state management agencies. Political and legal conditions on the one hand create a unified awareness in society to have synchronous coordination and unity in action to guide the organization of activities.

tourism activities, increasing efficiency and reducing risks in organizing tourism activities, on the other hand, playing a decisive role in ensuring convenience and safety in the expectations of customers when consuming tourism activities, increasing the attractiveness of the products of the DTLSVH, creating convenience for the DTLSVH management unit and travel businesses in attracting customers to the DTLSVH.

3.5.3. Large-scale customer market

The tourism needs of tourists in the DTLSVH are to visit and learn about the values of the DTLSVH. This demand has cultural content. The needs of tourists to learn about the values of the DTLSVH depend on the main factors such as the attractiveness of tourism activities, the costs of tourism activities, personal psychology, and social psychology. Maintain regular activities and activities on demand at the DTLSVH on the basis of balancing benefits and costs. Tourism activities at the DTLSVH can only be maintained when attracting a large enough number of regular visitors to balance the benefits and costs of organizing tourism activities.

Exploiting the DTLSVH has many different tourism products and tourists can choose. The general expectation of tourism consumers is convenience, ease, comfort, politeness, thoughtfulness, hygiene, and high safety. Because there are many choices of tourist destinations, it is necessary to have close coordination with travel businesses to attract the number of visitors to maintain the organization of tourism activities on demand or regularly. This number of visitors is in the structure of the tourist market to Hanoi in particular and Vietnam in general.

3.5.4. Business level and competitiveness of travel businesses

This condition includes human factors, tourism business management level, and technical facilities of each enterprise.

- The human factor is the decisive factor for the success or failure of a business in the target market. Unlike other types of business, tourism business requires employees to have broad knowledge in many fields, good expertise, good health, a form of guarantee according to the law of beauty, enthusiasm, passion, dynamism, creative thinking and especially a high sense of responsibility. Employees must be equipped with a broad knowledge of most fields.

natural sciences and social sciences. Foreign languages are identified as a professional tool for tour guides. Foreign languages and information technology are considered as professional tools for consultants and tour sales staff. The ability to establish and maintain social relationships and the ability to organize and operate of business managers are decisive factors for the business efficiency of the business and the position of the business in the market.

- The level of organization and management of the enterprise's travel business activities: to be successful in the travel business, the enterprise must have a scientific and reasonable labor organization, assign specific and clear responsibilities, and closely manage the implementation stages and the coordination between the main professional departments of marketing, operations, and guidance.

- Technical and technological facilities of travel businesses: the necessary condition for doing travel business is that the business has the necessary means to serve the business. Compared to other business fields, travel business does not necessarily require a large amount of finance, land, and technical facilities. Due to the characteristics and nature of travel products, travel businesses must equip a system of equipment to collect, process and disseminate information using modern technology, expand representative offices and branches at tourist destinations, areas, and places with large customer sources.

3.5.5. Service providers organize diverse, rich and quality tourism activities.

Service providers supporting tourism activities are businesses and individuals who ensure the supply of necessary elements for tourism organizers. Service providers supporting tourism activities include elements such as: service methods, entertainment forms, sound and light decoration, special effects. Any change from the supplier will affect the organization of tourism activities. To ensure stability and have choices, competition... for providing services with the right quality, quantity and time, most tourism organizers establish partnerships with many suppliers.

CONCLUSION OF CHAPTER 3

Chapter 3, the thesis proposes solutions to organize tourism activities at three national historical and cultural relics of Hanoi in the direction of sustainable development:

1. Organizing tourism activities in the DTLSVH towards sustainable development needs to consider combining two viewpoints: the viewpoint of both conservation and development and the viewpoint of sustainable development cooperation. In Hanoi, in the orientation of conservation and promotion of the value of the DTLSVH, some contents of sustainable development orientation have been mentioned including: mobilizing all classes of people, local resources; protecting the tourism environment and developing based on planning.

2. Perfecting the model of organizing tourism activities in the DTLSVH towards sustainable development. The process of organizing tourism activities in the DTLSVH towards sustainable development includes criteria for surveying organizational conditions, design criteria, and criteria for organizing and implementing tourism activities.

3. Propose solutions to organize tourism activities at 03 DTLSVH in a sustainable direction based on exploiting the true value of the DTLSVH, satisfying the comprehensive needs and experience needs of visitors; ensuring everyone's accessibility in terms of language and facilities; prioritizing the use of local resources in terms of people, materials, products, etc.; ensuring environmentally friendly factors, not affecting the value of relics and culture of the local community.

4. Strengthen coordination between travel agencies and between travel agencies and relic management units to develop products exploiting historical and cultural relics, survey, design, inform, implement, and manage the quality of tourism activities at historical and cultural relics, and cultural tourism products.

5. Recommendations for the government: The government needs to strengthen tools for sustainable tourism development; Hanoi City needs to develop a strategy to preserve and promote the values of the DTLSVH towards sustainable development; the relic management boards should gradually develop a sustainable development plan, train heritage tour guides, improve the quality of human resources and facilities, and coordinate with relevant organizations and individuals.

CONCLUDE

Tourists want to learn more deeply and fully appreciate the cultural and historical values through tourism activities at the DTLSVH. Tourism activities at the DTLSVH create revenue to preserve, restore and promote the value of the DTLSVH. Tourism businesses develop products with routes to exploit the DTLSVH with well-organized tourism activities will increase the value of the DTLSVH and the value of tourism products.

Hanoi is one of the key tourist centers of the country. Hanoi has rich tourism resources with many scenic spots. However, up to now, the organization of tourism activities in places with tourism resources in general and at historical and cultural relics in particular in Hanoi still has many shortcomings. Service provision activities at the DTLSVH are not suitable in terms of content and organization process, do not ensure the principles of conservation and sustainable exploitation, and there is no close coordination between the DTLSVH management units and travel agencies in the sustainable development of cultural tourism products in particular and tourism products in general.

Based on the above reasons, the thesis focuses on research and achieves the following results:

New contributions in terms of academics and theory

Based on the study of factors related to the organization of tourism activities at historical and cultural relics towards sustainable development, the thesis has pointed out:

1. Tourists' needs at historical and cultural relics include: the need to witness artifacts, the need to be provided with information, the need to participate in tourist activities, and the need to buy souvenirs.

2. Close coordination in organizing tourism activities at historical and cultural relics not only contributes to preserving and embellishing the relics but also creates tourism products (programs, routes, etc.) towards sustainable development.

3. The most important basis for coordination between relic management units and travel businesses is the compatibility between tourists' needs and the real values of historical and cultural relics.

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