Lessons Learned for Sustainable Tourism Development in Quang Binh

Thua Thien - Hue is a multidisciplinary, high-quality training center. The whole province has more than 100,000 scientific and technical staff (accounting for 17% of the workforce). Hue University is a regional university, a multidisciplinary, high-quality training center with 10 universities, training at undergraduate, master's and doctoral levels. There is Hue National High School, one of the three largest high schools in Vietnam and where President Ho Chi Minh and many senior leaders of the Party, State, scientists and cultural figures of the country studied. In addition, Thua Thien Hue also has a system of colleges and vocational high schools training in many fields... which is a great advantage in providing high-quality human resources to serve socio-economic development in general and service-tourism economy in particular.

Thua Thien - Hue has a total of 500 accommodation establishments, including more than 200 hotels with 9,800 rooms, 47,500 beds, and a room occupancy rate of 70.4%.

Thua Thien - Hue has long been identified as one of the country's important cultural tourism centers. In particular, Hue's cultural heritages not only converge the characteristics and quintessence of national culture, but also demonstrate the unique features of a traditional cultural region, which is considered the "peak of Vietnamese creativity". Hue is the convergence and intersection of many cultures from the North to the South, and was the capital of Vietnam since the Nguyen Lords, Tay Son Dynasty, and Nguyen Kings. Not only having historical and cultural significance, many relics in Hue are also invaluable architectural works of art, with great appeal to domestic and international researchers and tourists.

Hue is also the only place in our country that still preserves rich, diverse and unique intangible heritages such as: art forms, music, Hue royal court singing and dancing, cuisine, festivals, handicrafts and customs... in which each type has a connection and integration between

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Royal culture and folk culture. Hue culture is rich and diverse, including: tangible and intangible culture, in which the complex of Hue monuments and Hue royal court music have been listed by UNESCO as world cultural heritage.

In particular, Hue Festival is held every two years, a cultural and tourism event of national and international significance.

With its strengths in natural, historical and cultural tourism resources, Thua Thien - Hue has a stable and high growth rate compared to the whole country in tourism services. The average growth rate is 15 - 17%/year in terms of visitors while the whole industry reaches 10 - 11%/year. In 2012, Thua Thien - Hue accounted for more than 900,000 arrivals (accounting for 1/6) of the total number of international tourists to Vietnam. The number of domestic visitors was 1.5 million, an increase of more than 20% compared to 2011. Social revenue from tourism reached 4,950 billion VND, accounting for 48% of the province's GDP. Thua Thien - Hue is striving to welcome and serve 2.5 million visitors by 2015, including 1 - 1.2 million international visitors.

The development of the tourism industry has promoted the increase and expansion of other industries such as: promoting on-site export of agricultural and aquatic products, traditional handicrafts, contributing to the preservation and promotion of Hue's cultural values; creating more jobs for workers, eliminating hunger and reducing poverty, improving the material and spiritual life of the people.

However, Thua Thien - Hue tourism still shows some limitations: Cultural tourism products have their own unique features but are not really rich in content and consistent in quality. Human tourism resources are diverse but only a small part has been exploited to serve tourism, mainly the tourist attractions in the Hue ancient capital relic complex; there is still a large part of revolutionary historical relics, monuments of great significance.

national scale but have not been zoned for protection, invested in and renovated properly to truly become attractive tourist destinations. The relationship between the tourism industry, the cultural industry and other industries in protecting and exploiting tourism resources is not tight... The development of tourism is too "hot" and lacks effective measures to control has begun to reveal some negative impacts...

1.3.2. Lessons learned for sustainable tourism development in Quang Binh

From studying the tourism development experience of some localities, especially the experience of Nghe An and Thua Thien - Hue, to develop tourism in a sustainable direction in Quang Binh, it is important to pay attention to the following issues:

- State management agencies, enterprises, and communities need to fully and deeply understand the role, position, and importance of sustainable tourism development, the great and long-term contributions and impacts of tourism on socio-economic development, economic restructuring, job creation, income increase, poverty reduction, promoting economic development, and protecting the ecological environment. At the same time, tourism development must focus on economic efficiency while ensuring social order and safety, national defense and security, and environmental protection.

- It is necessary to have a long-term tourism development strategy and link tourism development planning with socio-economic development planning.

Tourism development strategy must have a long-term vision, on the basis of which the tourism industry and other economic sectors develop plans, coordination plans, and specific development within the overall strategy and general socio-economic development plan. Ensure harmonious relationships and synchronous development between sectors and localities right from the planning stage. Planning work must be synchronous, modern, and long-term, both doing a good job of planning and managing at the same time.

Closely follow the planning, effective management measures and regularly monitor and evaluate the impact to have timely adjustment solutions.

- Increasing investment in infrastructure and building and perfecting policies and mechanisms are particularly important measures for sustainable tourism development. Synchronously invested, modern and suitable infrastructure is an important foundation for tourism development. On the other hand, strong tourism development will stimulate and create conditions for other economic sectors to develop and create a favorable environment to call for and attract investment from domestic and foreign enterprises. In addition, perfecting the legal framework for management and issuing preferential policies will create a favorable environment for investors to participate. Building a synchronous and modern infrastructure, along with issuing suitable policies, is a necessary premise for sustainable tourism development, and at the same time demonstrates the serious commitment of the government to investors.

- Socialize the process of sustainable tourism development, promote the role of businesses, organizations, individuals doing business in tourism services and the local community, in order to mobilize all resources for investment in tourism development. Strictly implement the fair sharing of benefits from tourism services between the state, businesses, tourism service establishments and the local community.

- Strengthen training, fostering and developing human resources in terms of quantity, structure, quality and professionalism, meeting the development requirements of the tourism industry in modern trends and adapting to the increasing needs of tourists.

- Strengthening state management of sustainable tourism development Tourism resources are not infinite, but finite. If we only focus on

The exploitation and use are purely economic, the tourism economy is developed too strongly without paying attention to conservation and development.

If tourism resources are not developed, they will be depleted and the negative aspects will have unpredictable consequences. Therefore, strengthening State management in general, ensuring security and order, and protecting the environment is an inevitable and important requirement.

CHAPTER 2

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

The research on the topic “Developing Quang Binh tourism in a sustainable direction” is approached from the scientific method of political science, based on the theoretical and methodological foundations of Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh thought. Research and apply the Party’s guidelines, viewpoints and policies, the State’s policies and issued documents and laws on sustainable tourism development.

2.1. Methodology

The dialectical materialism method of Marxism-Leninism is the methodological basis for the entire research process of the thesis topic.

The dialectical materialist method is a research method to evaluate socio-economic phenomena based on the recognition and consideration of issues in the organic relationship that is closely linked and bound together in the process of existence and development. The topic uses this method to study the relationship between influencing factors, between the contents as well as the role of sustainable tourism development in both theory and practice.

In the research process, the thesis uses dialectical materialism with viewpoints such as: structural system viewpoint, logical viewpoint and practical viewpoint in scientific research to analyze and evaluate the current state of tourism development in the correlation of other factors and the interaction in the development process.

2.2. Approach

- Research on sustainable tourism development in Quang Binh province based on the theory of sustainable tourism development applied to the specific conditions of Quang Binh province.

- Systemic approach: Research on sustainable tourism development in Quang Binh province in relation to tourism development of localities in the region and the whole country, in the organic relationship between aspects of this concept.

- Researching the topic on the basis of political economic science: The thesis focuses on analyzing economic relations, in which the core is the relations of economic interests between the state, business enterprises, tourism and the community. The State's policies to develop Quang Binh tourism in a sustainable direction are the focus both in practical research and in proposing viewpoints and solutions.

2.3. Specific research methods

2.3.1. Scientific abstraction method

- The concept of "Sustainable Tourism" is the starting point and also the core of the entire research topic.

- Research goes from abstract to concrete, expressed in going from theoretical to practical research.

2.3.2. Method of combining logic with history

Research on sustainable tourism development in Quang Binh province is based on the specific historical conditions of the province. The comments, assessments, viewpoints and solutions presented in the thesis are based on the reality of tourism development in the province, on the potential and resources of the province in its movement and development, and in its relationship with other localities in the region as well as in the whole country.

This method focuses mainly on chapters 1, 3 and 4.

2.3.3. Inheritance method

The thesis systematizes research results related to the topic, selectively inherits those research results, and at the same time inherits the

Survey and investigation results of Quang Binh province on related economic, social and environmental issues.

2.3.4. Methods of collecting information and data

- Collecting and researching documents is an important task, and is necessary for all scientific research activities. Researchers must read and look up previous documents to form the foundation for scientific research. This is a valuable source of knowledge accumulated through a long historical research process.

The purpose of collecting and researching primary documents helps the author:

+ Understand the research methods on sustainable tourism development that have been implemented before. Help the author have a more rigorous methodology and arguments and have more in-depth and broad knowledge on sustainable tourism development, thereby clarifying his research topic.

+ Helps authors avoid duplication with previous studies, thereby saving time and effort.

+ Help the author build arguments (evidence) to prove scientific research hypotheses on sustainable tourism development in Quang Binh.

- Through document analysis, the author selects, evaluates and uses information and documents that are relevant to the research topic of developing Quang Binh tourism in a sustainable direction.

There are two types of resources:

+ Primary documents: are documents that the author himself collects, exchanges, interviews, and learns from a number of managers in the tourism industry and a number of provincial departments, agencies, and sectors, and from a number of local residents and tourists. This is a source of documents that is still scarce or unannotated, so it is necessary to investigate to find and discover unknown sources of documents and information.

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