Current Status of Infrastructure Development in Ba Dinh District

In recent years, the district's weather has tended to change in the direction of uneven increase and decrease in rainfall, while the average annual temperature has tended to increase.

The temperature is relatively uniform and quite high, equivalent to the general temperature of the whole city, the average annual temperature is about 24, the amplitude during the year is about 12 - 13, the amplitude of oscillation between day and night is about 6 - 7.

2.1.1.4. Hydrology

Ba Dinh District has the main drainage river of Hanoi City, the Red River. Besides, there are also some relatively large natural lakes and ponds that are important in regulating the climate, regulating water between seasons, local drainage and playing a role in regulating water level fluctuations for the area such as: Thu Le Lake, Ngoc Khanh Lake, Truc Bach Lake, Giang Vo Lake, Thanh Cong Lake.

2.1.1.5. Resources

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a, Land resources

According to land statistics as of December 31, 2018, the total natural area of Ba Dinh district is 924.95 hectares, agricultural land is 3.53 hectares (accounting for 0.38% of natural area), non-agricultural land is 916.39 hectares (accounting for 99.07% of natural area), unused flat land is 5.03 hectares (accounting for 0.55% of natural area). The district's agricultural land fund and unused land are very small, so it is very difficult to implement the socio-economic development plan in site clearance due to the conversion of residential land to other purposes.

Ba Dinh District land fund is an important resource in the socio-economic development of the district. With the existing land fund and good geological conditions, a "prime" location, with unique characteristics, the ability to develop a modern, civilized urban area, synchronous in all fields.

b, Water resources

- Surface water

Surface water is mainly from the Red River in the last 5 years, the largest flow in the rainy season is 8,540 m3/s, the lowest flow in the dry season is 118 m3/s. In addition, the district has a relatively large natural lake system which is a source of water.

Surface water plays an important role in regulating the climate and creating ecological landscapes for the district as well as the capital.

- Groundwater

Groundwater resources in the Hanoi area are generally abundant but uneven. In the plains, especially along the Red River and Duong River, they are very rich, but in the North (Soc Son District) and the West (Ba Vi District), they are poor. Ba Dinh is an area along the Red River, so it has abundant groundwater reserves, regular and stable sources of replenishment, and easy, convenient and economical exploitation conditions. Therefore, if protected and exploited properly, it will be enough to supply and serve the water needs in the present and the future.

c, Human resources

In 1010, Hanoi was chosen as the capital by King Ly Thai To. For nearly 10 centuries, Ba Dinh has always been the center of the country's capital. It is a land of outstanding people with many historical and cultural relics of the nation still preserved in the area, which are extremely important to the Fatherland. Currently, in the district, there are 74 historical and cultural relics, including 23 revolutionary and resistance relics and 51 historical and cultural relics. Among them, some typical historical and cultural relics must be mentioned such as: Ho Chi Minh Museum relic site, Thang Long Imperial Citadel historical and cultural relic site, One Pillar Pagoda, Voi Phuc Temple, Quan Thanh Temple, Hanoi Flagpole; Some revolutionary relics such as: Ba Dinh Flower Garden, Ho Huu Tiep relic site...

Besides, Ba Dinh is also associated with many traditional craft villages with strong historical imprints such as: Ngoc Ha flowers, Linh Buoi, Truc Bach green tea, Yen Thai wind paper, Ho Khau, Ngu Xa bronze casting, Yen Ninh green rice cake, Thuy Khue lotus wine, Dai Yen herbal medicine, etc.

With famous and typical historical - cultural - revolutionary relics and beautiful green natural landscapes, diverse architectural forms, Ba Dinh district has become a typical place for the traditional culture of the thousand-year-old capital Hanoi.

2.1.1.6. Environmental status

a, Current status of water environment in lakes and drainage ditches

In recent years, the water quality of lakes in general has tended to decline due to encroachment and the situation of untreated wastewater being directly discharged into the lakes, exceeding the self-regulating capacity of the lakes.

In general, the district does not have a separate drainage system for wastewater, but instead drains it together with rainwater. Many streets have old drainage systems that are not dredged periodically, so they are not very effective.

Hospital wastewater contains a lot of dirt and toxic substances, high organic content of BOD5, and many pathogenic bacteria. Most wastewater from hospitals, clinics, and health stations in the district in general is not treated, discharged directly into the sewer, then flows into ditches, rivers, and lakes. Due to the large amount of bacteria, the risk of causing disease is very high.

b, Current status of waste environment

The problem of waste in Ba Dinh district in general is not a big problem. Most of the household waste is collected and transported daily. However, according to the reflection of the wards, the current prominent problem is the waste collection points at the residential groups and clusters, so the household waste is still concentrated on the roadside, so the urban area is not completely clean.

2.1.2. Socio-economic conditions

2.1.2.1. Economic conditions

Regarding production and business activities: In the first 6 months of 2018, the estimated production and business value was 19,638 billion VND, an increase of 11.3% compared to the first 6 months of 2017. Of which:

The production value of industry and construction reached over 6,180 billion VND; an increase of 6.2% compared to the first 6 months of 2017.

The production value of the trade and service sector reached 13,458 billion VND; an increase of 13.6% compared to the first 6 months of 2017.

In the first 6 months of 2018, the District People's Committee has focused on directing drastic solutions in the work of collecting and preventing budget losses. The total budget revenue in the first 6 months of the year is estimated at 2,276 billion 600 million VND/3,598 billion VND, reaching 63.3% of the assigned estimate (up 32.8% over the same period in 2017), of which foreign tax collection

Revenue reached 1,356 billion/2,238 billion VND, reaching 60.5% of the assigned estimate (up 15.8% over the same period in 2017).

Direct functional units to strengthen market management, prevent and combat smuggling, production and trade of prohibited goods, counterfeit goods, and poor quality goods; check price posting and sell at the correct listed price at markets, shopping centers, stores, etc.

Deploying the work of clearing temporary markets and developing plans and models for managing temporary markets in the district.

2.1.2.2. Current status of infrastructure development in Ba Dinh district

* Traffic

- Belt routes:

Ba Dinh District is almost entirely located within Ring Road 1 and Ring Road 2, except for Phuc Xa Ward which is outside the Red River dike.

Beltway 1: Beltway 1 runs through Ba Dinh district from Au Co to Long Bien market and from Giang Vo - De La Thanh intersection to Cau Giay. The current surface of De La Thanh road is 7 - 10 m. This section mainly handles inner-city traffic in the Southeast - Northwest direction of the city, from Cau Giay district to Ba Dinh, Dong Da and vice versa. Due to the narrow roadway not ensuring the necessary number of lanes, this section often experiences traffic jams.

Beltway 2: Beltway 2 runs through Ba Dinh district from Cau Giay to Buoi intersection with a length of 2,050 m and a cross-section of 6 - 9 m.

- Main traffic routes:

Lieu Giai – Ngoc Khanh route has a cross-section of 50 m with 6 lanes running from Doi Can section connecting with Nguyen Chi Thanh street to the beginning of Lang – Hoa Lac street at Trung Kinh intersection.

The Kim Ma - Cau Giay route is 1,500 m long with a cross-section of 33 m, with 6 lanes (the diplomatic area alone is 30 m wide with 4 lanes).

Thai Ha - Huynh Thuc Khang Street has a cross section of 30 m with 4 lanes.

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Hoang Hoa Tham Street is 3.5 km long, with a cross-section of 6-9 m. The starting point is Hung Vuong Street, the end point is Buoi intersection. This route currently has no sidewalks, only at some sections.

Doi Can Street connects Ngoc Ha market to Buoi with current cross-section of 6 - 9 m.

Giang Van Minh - Hoang Hoa Tham Street has a cross-section of 22.5 - 30m.

Nguyen Tri Phuong Street is 800 m long, cross-section 21.5 m.

Quan Thanh route connecting from Hang Dau booth to Thanh Nien street is 2,200 m long, with a cross-section of 8-10 m.

Tran Phu Street connects Dien Bien to Bac Son Palace. Le Hong Phong Street connects Dien Bien Phu to Doi Can.

General assessment: Compared to other districts of Hanoi, Ba Dinh's traffic infrastructure is relatively better and more complete. However, the land fund for traffic is 18%, still low compared to the level of 25% according to the traffic planning of Hanoi city until 2020. Therefore, in the planning from now until 2020, it is necessary to allocate more land for traffic development in the district.

2.1.3. Assess the advantages and disadvantages of natural and socio-economic conditions affecting compensation, support and site clearance work.

- Favorable

As an area with many key routes, where the headquarters of central agencies, international organizations, and many historical and cultural relics are located, it often welcomes a large number of domestic and international tourists to work and visit. As a place where political events and important domestic and foreign activities of the Party and State regularly take place, compensation and support for site clearance in the area in all situations is always the top priority of the Party Committee, government and people of Ba Dinh district. Along with directing functional forces to proactively develop plans and solutions to handle situations, Ba Dinh District Party Committee regularly focuses on doing a good job of site clearance; promoting the movement of the entire people to build and consolidate a strong government system to ensure leadership and successful implementation of security and order protection work in the area. Thanks to that, in recent times, site clearance work in the district has been maintained in key areas.

All major and minor events of the country took place absolutely safely and smoothly. The district selected urgent and pressing issues to carry out first, set specific tasks for each area, mobilized the entire grassroots political system to participate, and created consensus among the people.

- Hard

The construction, upgrading and completion of urban areas in the city are being strongly promoted. With the current urbanization speed, urban areas as well as concentrated residential areas in the urban style will continue to expand and quickly form. This development, along with the construction of infrastructure and public welfare works in urban areas, inevitably causes the loss of a part of agricultural land. This is one of the issues that creates pressure for the district, especially the work of site clearance.

Allocating a portion of the land fund to auction land use rights to fund the construction of infrastructure and welfare works. This area is mainly taken from areas convenient for production and near traffic routes. Therefore, in the planning, it is necessary to build concentrated residential areas by interleaving and developing cluster and area models to save land and limit the allocation of scattered residential land.

The current infrastructure of the district is still limited, not synchronized, and of low quality, especially the transportation system, water supply and drainage for production and living, and social welfare works. The need to promote infrastructure construction in the district will continue to increase in the coming years. This is also a great pressure on land acquisition and clearance to expand, upgrade, renovate, and build new roads and public works in the area.

2.2. Current status of land management and land use in Ba Dinh district

2.2.1. Issuing legal documents on land management and use and organizing the implementation of such documents

The issuance of legal documents in the field of State management of land has been given special attention by the District Party Committee, People's Council and People's Committee and has been clearly demonstrated in important documents such as documents of the Ba Dinh District Party Committee, Resolutions of the People's Council and Decisions of the District People's Committee. This system of documents

has created a solid legal corridor for state management in general and land use management in particular in Ba Dinh district.

Based on the general provisions of the Land Law, Decrees, Circulars guiding its implementation; Programs, Resolutions and legal documents of the Hanoi People's Committee, the Department of Natural Resources and Environment of Ba Dinh District has advised on the issuance of documents to institutionalize and bring the Land Law into life.

These are extremely important documents that clearly state the functions, tasks, and powers of the Department of Natural Resources and Environment and the Office of Land Use Rights Registration of Ba Dinh District. On that basis, these agencies advise the District People's Committee to issue documents related to land management and use.

Regarding the management of public land areas, land allocated to organizations, small and scattered land areas or land areas that violate land laws, the People's Committee of Ba Dinh District issued the following documents to strictly manage this land fund.

Plan No. 191/KH-UBND dated February 10, 2013 on the implementation of declaration and handling of State-owned real estate at administrative agencies and enterprises in Ba Dinh district.

Document No. 1737/UBND-TNMT dated April 1, 2015 on synthesizing and reporting on the management and use of public land funds, completing the dossier of land declaration granted beyond authority and exploiting and using water resources.

In order to speed up the progress of granting Land Use Right Certificates, every year, the District People's Committee issues documents on assigning specific targets and plans to each ward. In 2013, the Ba Dinh District People's Committee issued Decision No. 393/QD-UBND dated February 14, 2013 on assigning targets and plans for granting Land Use Right Certificates, House Ownership Rights and other assets attached to land in Ba Dinh District.

To ensure effective and economical land use, on June 6, 2014, Ba Dinh District People's Committee issued Document No. 1420/UBND-TNMT on reporting on the practice of thrift and anti-waste in land use management for projects that have had land recovery decisions from January 1, 2013 to April 1, 2014.

Through the review and synthesis of data, the District People's Committee has an overall view of the situation of land management and use in the area. Detecting land areas that are being used

inefficient use and from there have plans to exploit and use to bring higher benefits.

Despite many difficulties in management, the People's Committee of Ba Dinh District has done a good job in issuing normative documents. The documents have ensured legality and promptly met the requirements for direction in local management. The district and ward levels have organized the implementation of issued documents in accordance with the requirements in terms of content, time and quality. Basically, there is no phenomenon of issued documents not being implemented.

However, the implementation of these documents is sometimes slow, the required time is often urgent while the issuance takes a lot of time, leading to implementation results that are sometimes not as required.

2.2.2. Work on determining administrative boundaries, establishing and managing administrative boundary records, and creating administrative maps

In early 2005, implementing Decree No. 02/2005/ND-CP dated January 5, 2005 of the Government on adjusting administrative boundaries, establishing wards in Ba Dinh district, up to now Ba Dinh district has 14 wards: Phuc Xa, Nguyen Trung Truc, Truc Bach, Quan Thanh, Dien Bien, Ngoc Ha, Doi Can, Cong Vi, Kim Ma, Giang Vo, Thanh Cong, Ngoc Khanh, Vinh Phuc, Lieu Giai with a total natural area of 924.95 hectares.

On that basis, in 2005, Ba Dinh district adjusted the administrative boundaries of Lieu Giai ward (separated from part of Ngoc Ha and Cong Vi wards), Vinh Phuc ward (separated from Cong Vi ward) to suit the actual management work. Up to now, the administrative boundary profile of the district has been completed with 14 ward-level administrative units, the total natural area of the whole district is 924.95 hectares.

Based on the administrative boundary records, the People's Committee of Ba Dinh district has organized the measurement and determination of the administrative boundaries of the district with neighboring districts and between wards in the district. As a result, 14 administrative maps have been created for 14 wards and 01 administrative map of Ba Dinh district at a scale of 1:2000.

In 2005, to comply with State management, Ba Dinh district adjusted the administrative boundaries of some wards and measured and readjusted changes in administrative boundaries.

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