Current Status of Economic Sector Structure Shift in the Process of Industrialization and Modernization in Tan Thanh District, Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province

The country's military. The main contribution is the industrial - construction sector, shifting the economic structure in the right direction, investment capital growing quite rapidly, meeting development needs, high competitiveness compared to the whole country. The economic structure has shifted in a positive direction: increasing the proportion of industry - construction, and services, reducing the proportion of agriculture . With a focus on developing high-tech industries such as electronic components assembly industry, food processing industry, textile industry, leather industry, chemical - cosmetics industry... Dong Nai strives to basically become an industrial province by 2020. Experience in shifting the economic structure of Dong Nai province's economic sector has followed the direction of industrial - construction development, the province focuses on building industrial parks, high-tech export processing zones to create the initial foundation for economic transition. The province has built key industries as a driving force to pull the economy up. Along with that, increasing the application of new technologies and mechanizing rural agriculture to improve productivity in this field when the area and labor in this area are shrinking rapidly.

Thus, it can be clearly seen from the experience of economic restructuring of Dong Nai province that on the basis of taking advantage of geographical advantages, the province has had very effective policies in selecting a key and reasonable industry structure to exploit the maximum potential and strengths of the province in high-tech industries, thereby creating a foundation to promote economic restructuring, creating a driving force to pull the economy up.

1.4.1.3. Experience of Da Nang

One of the early breakthrough directions to promote industrialization that Da Nang chose was to prioritize industrial development. To achieve the goal of sustainable economic development, in the following years, policy makers chose the development model of a city with a friendly and modern environment, leading Da Nang to develop in a new direction, with the service industry as the main industry. The period 2006-2013 marked the strong growth of the service industry.

Maybe you are interested!

services with an average growth rate of nearly 20%/year, twice as high as the period 1997-2005. The development of the service industry not only contributes highly to the GDP structure but also creates a strong shift of labor out of agriculture. During this period, the amount of investment capital flowing into the service industry is higher than in the remaining industries, with a proportion of 70% of the total investment capital. The shift within the trade, transportation, communications, hotel, finance, etc. sectors is creating added value for the service industry, increasing the contribution of the industry to the city's GDP structure.

The economic restructuring in Da Nang over the past 10 years has been assessed by economic experts as a process of economic restructuring towards increasing competitiveness in the service sector with an estimated growth rate of production value of 16%/year. This result is due to the focus on deep transformation within the service sector, in which tourism is selected as a key economic sector. The total number of tourists to the city in the period 2003-2013 is estimated at 16 million, an increase of 19.3%/year; pure tourism revenue is estimated to increase by 23.5%/year with an estimated value of 2,800 billion VND in 2013.

Upholding the goal of environmental protection and modern urban development, Da Nang promotes innovation in the growth model, so that by 2020, a model of in-depth economic growth will be basically formed, ensuring growth quality, improving efficiency and competitiveness of the economy. The city's economic structure continues to shift rapidly towards "service - industry - agriculture", so that Da Nang will soon become one of the major service centers of the country, a gateway for foreign trade, with industries and fields using high technology, creating great added value to become key economic sectors.

Thus , it can be said that the process of economic restructuring in Da Nang is the clearest evidence for choosing a development model according to the "Theory of unbalanced industrial structure development" or "growth poles". This is shown in the strategy of prioritizing industrial development in the period of 2003 - 2005 and strongly developing the service industry in the period of 2006 - 2013; With the view of taking services

The main sector contributes greatly to GDP on the one hand, and on the other hand creates a strong labor shift in the agricultural sector (an industry that is not Da Nang's strength).

1.4.2. Lessons learned for Tan Thanh district

Thus, from studying the experiences of some provinces and cities in Vietnam, we can draw lessons to apply to Tan Thanh district in the process of shifting the economic structure in the process of industrialization and modernization towards sustainable development as follows:

- We must focus on shifting the economic structure from low-productivity industries to higher-productivity industries, contributing more to economic growth. As a province with an industrial tradition, we can implement the policy of taking industrial development as the foundation, developing high-tech industries and being competitive in the domestic and international markets. However, the problem in the industrial development strategy in the area is the selection of key industrial products to exploit the potential and strengths of the province, in accordance with the needs and tastes of the market, replacing traditional products (cement, iron and steel, etc.) that are currently facing difficulties in competing in terms of quality and price in the market due to technological backwardness.

- Persistently implementing the principle of transforming the economic structure of the industry in a "rolling" manner, implementing the construction of each industry to achieve immediate effectiveness, forming key and key economic sectors to create growth poles to create spillover effects to promote the development of other industries (experience of Dong Nai, Da Nang). Selecting industries and products suitable for each region, locality and in each period to create key products, key industries, strong localities that play the role of "locomotives" to lead the development of other products, industries and localities, some industries, products and localities have begun to appear that can play a key role such as the service industry (seaports, port logistics services).

- New factors appear (the world economic crisis), the service market, strong development, increased FDI investment in the area. These are new suggestions for the author in proposing a strategy to shift the economic structure of the sector in the area towards Industry - Service - Agriculture and within the sector, the structure also changes towards concentrating scarce resources on a number of areas at a certain time to best exploit the potential and advantages of each stage.

- Maintain the goal of sustainable economic development: implement environmental protection and modern urban development, implement economic development associated with creating a civilized and modern living environment, develop the economy associated with environmental protection, gradually reduce the gap in living standards between social classes, ensure social security... (Da Nang's experience). Especially in the coming period, in response to the requirements of sustainable development goals, new requirements are set in choosing a development model with a friendly, modern environment, reducing pollution, gradually erasing the image of an industrial city with the highest pollution level in the country, seriously affecting people's lives as it is today.

Chapter 1 Summary

The author has outlined the basic theories on: Structural transformation as well as the economic sector structure of a country or locality; The role of economic structure in the socio-economic development of a country; presented the impact indicators in the process of economic sector structural transformation such as: structure of gross domestic product (GDP), structure of labor working in economic sectors, structure of investment capital; Factors affecting economic structural transformation help to assess the current state of economic sector structural transformation; Theoretical models on economic sector structural transformation and transformation experiences of some localities in the country have provided lessons in the process of economic structural transformation towards development.

From the theoretical basis of chapter one, the author applies analysis of the current situation of economic restructuring in Tan Thanh district.

Chapter 2: CURRENT STATE OF ECONOMIC STRUCTURAL TRANSFORMATION IN THE PROCESS OF INDUSTRIALIZATION AND MODERNIZATION IN TAN THANH DISTRICT, BA RIA-VUNG TAU PROVINCE

2.1. Overview of natural conditions and socio-economic situation of Tan district

Wall

2.1.1.Geographical location and natural conditions

Tan Thanh District is located in the West of Ba Ria-Vung Tau Province, about 100km from the center.

Vung Tau city center is about 30km to the North, Ba Ria city is about 10km to the Northwest, Ho Chi Minh city center is about 55km to the East and has the following administrative boundaries:

- To the North, it borders Long Thanh district and Nhon Trach district of Dong Nai province.

Deer.

- To the South, it borders Ba Ria city and Vung Tau city of Ba Ria province.

Ria-Vung Tau.

- To the East, it borders Chau Duc district, Ba Ria-Vung Tau province.

- To the West, it borders Can Gio district, Ho Chi Minh city.

Tan Thanh district has diverse terrain including plains, mountainous areas and low-lying areas; The terrain gradually slopes from the North to the South and from the East to the West with an average slope of 0.2÷6%, including:

+ The plain area occupies most of the urban area with an altitude of 2.5÷40m.

+ The low-lying area located in the West of the district (adjacent to Thi Vai River) has an elevation of 0.2÷2.0m.

+ The high mountain area is located to the East of the district, including Toc Tien and Thi Vai mountains with peak heights of 461.5m and 420m.

Tan Thanh is located in the tropical monsoon climate zone, influenced by the Ocean, with an average temperature of about 27 0 C; The temperature change between months of the year is not large. The temperature difference between the hottest month (May: 29.1 0 C) and the coldest month (January: 29.1 0 C) is only 3.9 0 C.

Tan Thanh has high sunshine hours; Total sunshine hours in a year range from

2,370 hours to 2,850 hours and distributed relatively evenly throughout the months. Observation data at Vung Tau meteorological station in 1999 showed that: March is the month with the highest number of sunshine hours (299.9 hours), August is the month with the lowest number of sunshine hours (176.9 hours).

The average annual rainfall is low (about 1,600 mm) and is very unevenly distributed over time, forming two distinct seasons: the rainy season and the dry season. Nearly 90% of the annual rainfall is concentrated in the rainy season from May to November and just over 10% of the total rainfall is concentrated in the dry season, the remaining months of the year.

Tan Thanh is affected by 3 types of wind: Northeast wind and North wind usually appear at the beginning of the dry season with a speed of about 1-5m/s; Northeast wind appears in the dry season with a speed of 4-5m/s; West wind and Southwest wind have a speed of 3-4m/s and usually appear from May to November.

Tan Thanh district has a total natural land area of 33,825.1 hectares, according to soil investigation divided into 9 groups:

+ Hydrological soil (includes 6 groups): sand, saline, alum, alluvium, sediment and gray soil on ancient alluvium.

+ Terrain (includes 2 groups): red-yellow soil and eroded soil with bare gravel and rocks.

+ River and canal groups, including 3 soil groups that occupy the majority of the district's area and are related to agricultural production (gray soil, red-yellow soil and acid sulfate soil).

There is a Dinh river system 35 km long, basin 300 km 2 wide , is the water source

Sweetness is important for production and daily life in the province.

Along the western border is the Thi Vai River system and several other small rivers and canals flowing into Ganh Rai Bay in the East Sea. The river is 25 km long, 600-800 m wide on average, 10-20 m deep, with the potential to build a deep-water port serving domestic and international traffic.

The groundwater source in the district has a water level at a depth of 60-90m, an average capacity of 10-20 m3 / s, and can be exploited to provide domestic water for the people.

Forestry land area as of December 31, 2013 was 4,852.75 hectares, accounting for 14.35% of the district's natural area, of which the majority is protective forest. Natural forests have been

Most of the forests were exploited (before the establishment of the district), the remaining trees are shrubs with little value, small diameter, and small canopy; The main role of forests is to create environmental landscapes, improve climate, especially in the conditions of increasingly developing industrial zones, seaports and urban areas.

- Tan Thanh district is geographically considered the "gateway" to the sea of the entire Southeast region, so the socio-economic development of the district is an important factor promoting the rapid, strong and breakthrough development of economic sectors, especially industry and services in Tan Thanh district. The economic development programs that Ba Ria - Vung Tau province advocates to develop in Tan Thanh are not only limited to the administrative boundaries of the district but are always placed in the unified economic space of the entire province and linked with key economic regions in the South.

- However, industrial development land, ports near rivers, close to the sea, low ground need to have filling materials which is costly when creating construction sites.

2.1.2. Overview of economic development situation of Tan Thanh district

On June 2, 1994, the Prime Minister issued Decree No. 45-ND/CP dividing Chau Thanh district, Ba Ria Vung Tau province into three administrative units including Tan Thanh district, Chau Duc district and Ba Ria town. On August 15, 1994, Tan Thanh district officially came into operation with 8 administrative units (01 town and 7 communes).

On June 27, 2005, the Government issued Decree No. 83/2005/ND-CP on adjusting the administrative boundaries of Tan Thanh district and Ba Ria town; Tan Thanh district has 10 administrative units including 1 town and 9 communes; area of about 33,825.1 hectares, population of about 150,000 people.

After 10 years of construction and development, Tan Thanh district has transformed from a purely agricultural locality into the largest industrial center of Ba Ria - Vung Tau province with 10 concentrated industrial parks with a total land area of 5,344.25 hectares, attracting many large-scale investment projects of great significance to the national economy.

For many years, Tan Thanh has been the most attractive investment area in Ba Ria - Vung Tau province; As of December 2013, there were over 300 investment projects in industrial parks, industrial clusters, seaports, inland waterway ports, warehouses, urban housing, environmental treatment, healthcare, education, vocational training, etc.

In the industrial zones, there are 166 valid investment projects with a total investment of nearly 10 billion USD, of which 117 projects have come into operation, 17 projects are under construction and 32 projects have been granted investment certificates. In the industrial cluster, there are 5 investment projects that have come into operation.

The deep-water port system has 32 projects, and currently has 15 ports in operation with a capacity of 79.5 million tons. The Cai Mep-Tan Cang Saigon port system has welcomed ships with a capacity of up to 160,000 tons and transported goods directly to European and North American countries without transit.

Thanks to its special location, Tan Thanh district is an important traffic hub of Ba Ria-Vung Tau province with the key economic zone in the South. Currently, Tan Thanh district has Phu My gas-electricity-fertilizer industrial park with an investment of more than 6 billion USD, including power plants with a total capacity of up to 3,900 Megawatts, accounting for nearly 40% of the total electricity capacity of the country; Phu My fertilizer plant has a capacity of 800,000 tons of nitrogen fertilizer, urea and 20,000 tons of ammonia/year.

The inter-provincial road traffic system connecting the Southeast region from (Binh Thuan, Lam Dong, Dong Nai, Binh Duong, Ho Chi Minh City) through national highways, the traffic system connecting districts in Ba Ria - Vung Tau province and inter-provincial highways has helped facilitate the circulation of goods. The Cai Mep - Thi Vai inter-port route running along the system of industrial parks connecting to the inter-regional highway in the south of Nhon Trach - Dong Nai district is an extremely important industrial transport route, connecting the transport of goods from the port area, industrial parks of Tan Thanh district with the provinces in the Southwest region.

Tan Thanh is where large-scale power generation facilities are concentrated to supply the whole country. By the end of 2005, 6 power plants were inaugurated at Phu My Power Center.

Comment