Education is ranked 15th in the country in terms of achieving secondary school standards and 16th in terms of high school. In addition, the province has quality vocational training facilities such as Lilama Vocational College, Agricultural and Rural Development Vocational College, and a system of vocational training and vocational transmission centers in craft villages.
- Health care: Preventive medicine has been given attention and direction; there have been no major epidemics in the province for many years. Currently, 100% of communes have health stations, with nearly 45% of them having doctors and about 40% of communes meeting national health standards. The average number of health workers is about 20 people/10,000 people and approximately 6 doctors/10,000 people.
- Family planning and community health care have been implemented quite well, so the rate of malnutrition in children under 5 years old has decreased to below 25% in 2005. Due to the upgraded infrastructure and medical equipment, health care in general and reproductive health care in particular have made progress.
- The sports movement has developed quite comprehensively from offices, businesses, schools and villages where each citizen is the nucleus. The types of sports have developed quite richly from badminton, volleyball to traditional martial arts.
Besides developing the movement, the province has developed a number of key sports sectors associated with modern sports infrastructure. In 2006, there was a men's soccer team participating in the A1 tournament, a men's volleyball team...
- Culture and information have made progress such as 100% of communes have cultural houses - post offices, 61% of households are cultural families and 60% of agencies meet cultural agency standards. Social evils from drugs, prostitution to bad customs to funerals and lavish weddings are all very limited.
Radio coverage in the province reached 100%, the number of households with access to television reached over 90% and the library system was upgraded. The publication of newspapers has made progress, so people have benefited.
- Improve living standards and reduce poverty, due to high economic growth, people's living standards are stable and gradually improved. They enjoy better benefits in education, training, health care, culture, physical education and sports.
1.4.2. Infrastructure
- About traffic :
+ The road system has been upgraded, including National Highways 1A, 10, 45, 12B; Provincial Roads 480, 481, 480E, 480C, 477, 479, 479C, 477B, over 260 km long; District Roads (over 195 km long) and rural roads up to nearly 1,000 km (84% of which have been hardened). In 5 years, the province alone has proactively built 65 km of new national highways, inter-provincial roads and inter-district roads.
+ The waterway system, with a total length of nearly 400 km, with two main ports managed by the central government, namely Ninh Binh port, Ninh Phuc port and K3 port of Ninh Binh thermal power plant (mainly for coal transportation), has been upgraded. A series of cargo loading and unloading wharves, docks, and boat anchorage areas located on river banks and estuaries have also been repaired, serving the cause of industrialization, modernization and local economic development.
+ Railway, the province has a North-South railway passing through with 4 stations: Ninh Binh station, Cau Yen station, Ghenh station and Dong Giao station, very convenient for transporting cement, construction stone, etc. and transporting passengers.
- About social infrastructure :
+ The power system was upgraded, so the power output in 2005 increased 1.8 times compared to 2001. Three transformer stations (500 kv, 200 kv, 110 kv) were built together with the Ninh Binh power plant, contributing significantly to the rapid socio-economic development. Post and telecommunications, especially fiber optic cables, internet and the fuel supply system have been comprehensively upgraded in the past 5 years.
+ The urban water supply and drainage system has been renovated, specifically Ninh Binh water plant with a capacity of 20,000 m3 / day, Tam Diep water plant with a capacity of 12,000 m3 / day and some water plants with a capacity of about 2,000 m3 / day in the town, providing up to 80% of clean water. In rural areas, water supply has not been resolved along with drainage, the state needs to invest more.
+ The system of tourist service works has improved due to upgrading and construction such as hotels, marinas, restaurants and Trang An tourist area, Tam Coc - Bich Dong area, Van Long wetland area, Cuc Phuong national park including mineral water area, Kim Son church area and especially the stone church, etc. Besides, craft villages have also created a new face to attract tourists.
+ Some other infrastructure works such as schools at all levels, technical schools, vocational training centers and hospitals at all levels, infirmaries, health care centers have been built quite well in the past time. Besides, banks, treasuries and some commercial works in Ninh Binh city, Tam Diep town have made progress.
- Regarding the irrigation system : the irrigation system has developed to a new level due to a large investment in the recent period. In particular, the river and sea dyke systems have been completed, so they can prevent storms up to level 1.
11. In addition, the canal system has also been concreted.
Another notable point is that the lake system (Yen Quang, Dong Thai, Thuong Xung, Da Lai, Dong Chuong, Yen Thang, etc.) and flood control pumping stations have been put into use.
1.4.3. Defense and security
The issues of national defense, security and social order are always closely coordinated by Party committees and authorities at all levels with the Ministry of National Defense, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and related sectors, directing the armed forces and people to implement quite well. The specific results achieved are:
a) Carry out well the work of propaganda, information and education on national defense and security : propagate Resolution 08 of the 8th tenure of the Politburo, Resolution 08 of the 9th tenure, Resolution 08 of the 10th tenure and Action Program 15 of the Central Executive Committee... to all classes of people. All communes have commune police chiefs, operating based on the core of the movement to protect security and the homeland.
The province deploys combat training and conducts drills for armed forces in the area. Regularly educates and raises revolutionary vigilance for cadres, party members and people.
b) Combining the consolidation of national defense, security and social order : on the basis of implementing national defense and security activities, the province has combined socio-economic development quite well. In rural areas, the Kim Son - Phat Diem area where religious people live has done well the above work, especially religious work. On the other hand, the province has achieved good results in building cultural life ,
spirit to achieve the goal of preserving, building and firmly consolidating national defense and security.
2. CURRENT STATE OF ECONOMIC STRUCTURE TRANSFORMATION IN NINH BINH PROVINCE IN THE PERIOD 2001-2005
2.1. Objectives of economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province in the period 2001-2005
a. General objectives:
- Basically complete the construction of infrastructure, develop industry, improve the quality of agricultural production and the competitiveness of the economy, creating a solid momentum for accelerated development in the next stage.
- On the basis of exploiting comparative advantages, accelerate the development of industrial production (especially cement and construction stone production), rapidly develop services (especially tourism and trade), and develop agriculture in the direction of commodity production.
- Diversify economic sectors, promote the potential and strengths of each economic sector in the overall economic development of the whole province, gradually improve the lives of all classes of people.
b. Based on the above general objectives, the specific objectives of the 2001-2005 period are:
- Strive to bring Ninh Binh's GDP per capita to 60-65% of the country's GDP per capita by 2005, compared to 54.6% in 2000.
- Mobilize all resources to develop the economy with a high growth rate, averaging 8-9% in the period 2001-2005.
- Increase the proportion of goods and services export turnover in total GDP to 10-12% by 2005.
- Promote tourism development, strive to increase the value of foreign currency earning services in the tourism industry and other service activities, making tourism one of the main sources of foreign currency earning for the province.
c. Specific development tasks:
* Agriculture - Forestry - Fishery
- Agriculture: Strive to achieve an average annual growth rate of 4% in the value of agricultural output in the 2001-2005 period, bringing the total value of agricultural output to 1,190 billion VND in 2005, accounting for 40% of the province's total GDP.
- Forestry sector: The target by 2005 is to plant 5,000 hectares of new forests, of which the concentrated fruit tree area is 1,070 hectares; special-use forests 12,000-14,000 hectares; protected and regenerated forests 10,374 hectares and 6,000 hectares of scattered tree plantations. Increase the forest land coverage rate from the current 9% to 31%.
- Fisheries industry: Strive to achieve an average annual growth rate of 6.5% in the output value of the fisheries industry in the 2001-2005 period.
* Industry - construction:
Strive to increase the total industrial output value in the period 2001-2005 by an average of 10-15% annually, raising the proportion of industrial production value in the province's GDP to 19-30% by 2005;
* Service:
Strive to achieve an average annual growth rate of service industry revenue during the 2001-2005 period of 10-12%, bringing the proportion of the service industry in the province's GDP in 2005 to 30-35%.
Focus on investing in developing other service sectors such as post and telecommunications, banking, health insurance, education, transportation, and labor export services to gradually increase the proportion of these sectors in the province's GDP.
2.2. Current status of economic restructuring in Ninh Binh province in the period 2001-2005
2.2.1 Current status of economic sector structure transformation according to GDP
Table 4: Economic structure shift according to GDP in Ninh Binh in the period 2001-2005
(Unit: %)
Year
2001 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | |
Total GDP | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Agriculture | 44.75 | 40.05 | 36.72 | 30.65 |
Industrial | 22.77 | 27.36 | 29.99 | 35.17 |
Service | 32.48 | 32.14 | 33.29 | 34.18 |
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Source: Ninh Binh Province Statistical Yearbook 2005
From the table above, we can see that the proportion of the industrial sector has increased relatively evenly over the years. In 2001, the proportion of the industrial sector was 22.77%, but by 2005 it had increased to 35.17%. Thus, it can be affirmed that the industrial sector is increasingly playing its leading role in promoting the industrialization process of the province. The most prominent growth in the industrial sector is the rapid increase in the construction materials mining and production industry, the agricultural and food processing industry, and the electricity and water production and distribution industry.
Table 5: Industrial value in the area by industry
(Current price, unit: Million VND)
Branch
2001 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | |
Total | 995.151 | 1,877,435 | 2,628,560 | 3,921,999 |
Mining industry | 29,984 | 44,502 | 76,492 | 86,026 |
Processing industry | 667,560 | 1,498,041 | 2,196,400 | 3,414,988 |
Manufacturing industry and electricity and water distribution | 297,607 | 334,892 | 355,668 | 420,985 |
Source: Ninh Binh Province Statistical Yearbook 2005
However, the proportion of industry in 2005 was 35.17% in the GDP structure, which is still a modest figure compared to the province's potential capacity in construction materials production and processing industry, so it needs to be improved in the coming time so that industry not only maintains its leading position but also creates attraction for other sectors in the province's economy to develop accordingly.
In the economic structure according to GDP, the proportion of the agricultural sector decreased relatively in the period 2001-2005, from 44.75% in 2001 to 30.65% in 2005. This is an inevitable trend of the industrialization and modernization process, creating a premise for the development of industrial and service sectors. With a proportion of 30.65%, the agricultural sector has achieved the target set in the period 2001-2005.
The proportion of the service sector in the GDP structure in the period 2001-2005 has not changed much, from 32.48% in 2001 to 34.18% in 2005, meeting the target set in the period 2001-2005.
2.2.2 Current status of economic sector structure transformation according to investment capital
Total social investment capital implemented in the province is mostly from the state budget and capital from the people and private sector, of which state budget capital accounts for 51.3%, capital from the people and private sector accounts for 30.8%, while foreign direct investment capital accounts for only 0.2%.
Table 6: Investment capital in Ninh Binh province in the period 2001-2005
(Current price, unit: million VND)
Year
2001 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | |
Total | 391,522 | 2,040,454 | 2,546,314 | 2,747,734 |
1. State budget | 241,657 | 727.162 | 1,444,509 | 1,409,673 |
2. Credit capital (domestic) | 46,485 | 606.020 | 391,923 | 385,181 |
3. Investment capital of enterprises | 46,698 | 64,226 | 27,743 | 101,118 |
4. Public and private capital | 56,682 | 578,782 | 679,324 | 845,662 |
5. Foreign direct investment | - | 64,264 | 2,815 | 6,100 |
Source: Ninh Binh Province Statistical Yearbook 2005
Investment capital is a decisive factor in promoting economic growth, it ensures the exploitation of advantages in the application of science and technology, and the innovation of technological equipment. Along with the shift in industry structure according to GDP, the investment structure also has corresponding changes.
Table 7: Development investment capital divided by economic sector of Ninh Binh province
(Current price, unit: million VND)
Year
Agriculture | Industrial | Service | ||||
million dong | % | million dong | % | million dong | % | |
2001 | 103,929 | 31.70 | 105,734 | 32.25 | 118,178 | 36.05 |
2003 | 188,998 | 12.90 | 960,079 | 65.54 | 315,833 | 21.56 |
2004 | 293,447 | 14.36 | 1346,986 | 65.93 | 402,537 | 19.71 |
2005 | 371,147 | 16.26 | 1218.258 | 53.36 | 693,830 | 30.38 |
Source: Ninh Binh Province Statistical Yearbook 2005