Some Proposals In The Management And Reasonable Use Of Tnr

income for the family. Therefore, it makes TNR increasingly affected in a negative direction.

2. Some cases of illegal logging of TNR (People's livelihoods depend heavily on forests). In addition to the above threats to TNR, there are now many loggers and they exploit with modern equipment (chainsaws, tractors, etc.), causing TNR to decline rapidly.

3.4 Some proposals in the management and reasonable use of TNR

Through investigating the current status of resource use in general, TNR in particular and analyzing the research site - Can Tom 2, the thesis proposes a number of solutions to improve the lives of resettled people and protect and use TNR more effectively.

3.4.1 On the part of local authorities

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* For agricultural production : Currently, agricultural production activities of people in Can Tom 2 village are still facing many difficulties, so the pressure on TNR is increasing (because people exploit forest products to satisfy their family needs). Therefore, to reduce the impact of people on TNR, it is necessary to implement a number of solutions to overcome and develop agricultural production activities for people:

- The locality coordinates with the Agricultural Extension Station and the Central Hydropower Company to effectively improve rice fields and garden land for households according to previously committed technical standards.

- Local authorities coordinate with relevant parties to resolve problems for people in land compensation so that they can feel secure in developing their lives in Can Tom 2 resettlement area.

- Support agricultural production for people in Can Tom 2 resettlement area (techniques, seeds, fertilizers, veterinary drugs, pesticides, etc.). The agricultural extension station and the district's Department of Agriculture need to coordinate with the commune's agricultural officers to closely monitor and support people in the agricultural production process. Disseminate appropriate techniques to households, develop a reasonable crop calendar, and how to properly use fertilizers, veterinary drugs, and pesticides. Thus, the effectiveness of agricultural production support activities for people will be enhanced, helping to improve the livelihoods of households.

- Repair and rebuild the irrigation system to provide irrigation water for the entire crop area of ​​the people in Can Tom 2 village. Arrange for people to regularly check the irrigation canal system to have timely handling measures when problems occur.

- Explain to people the importance of agricultural production in their livelihoods. Encourage households to use compensation money to invest in developing crops and livestock.

* For TNR:

- Local authorities and relevant departments need to propagate to people in resettlement areas the importance of TNR in protection, land and water conservation, and natural disaster mitigation (flash floods...) through village meetings, organizing seminars...

- Local authorities urgently complete the project of land allocation and forest land lease to groups/households to increase the effectiveness of management and protection of TNR. In addition, this activity also creates additional income for households (people enjoy all the thinning products from the forest area they manage; products exploited from planted forests, bamboo, rattan and other forest products exploited from natural forests are freely circulated on the market).

- Relevant departments and agencies in coordination with the commune's land management officers need to redefine land boundaries and clearly mark out the boundaries between households, and demarcate the area of ​​household land and forest land. This will limit land disputes between households and reduce forest land encroachment.

- Strictly handle cases of illegal forest exploitation. Currently, violations in the area (forest burning for farming, illegal forest exploitation...) are mainly handled administratively (paying money) with low fines, so people still ignore them. Therefore, to increase the effectiveness of TNR protection work, it is necessary to increase the fines and possibly apply imprisonment if possible.

- A Luoi Protective Forest Management Board, state-owned enterprises, groups/households assigned forests, and forest rangers in the district need to develop a coordination mechanism in inspection and management of TNR. Assign reasonable patrol schedules for forest areas among organizations and units to avoid overlap and low efficiency.

* For infrastructure serving people's lives:

- Renovate the school in Can Tom 2 village and recruit teachers to teach at all levels. Encourage people to send their children to study at the school to improve their education level.

- Renovate the medical station and find a team of doctors and nurses to work at the station to help people conveniently receive medical examination and treatment.

- The road system also needs to repair the sunken sections to help people travel more conveniently.

- Repair and build water supply system for people.

- Organize community activities for people to improve their spiritual life. In addition, it is possible to integrate the screening of documentaries, reports... related to forest management and protection activities to help raise awareness of people in Can Tom 2 village.

* In addition, localities and relevant organizations need to implement the following solutions:

- Restore the local handicraft industry (weaving) to create jobs for the local idle labor force. Currently, the designs of these products do not meet market demand and are only for family use. Therefore, it is necessary to study and improve the quality and design of the products to meet market demand.

- It is necessary to organize more thorough research and investigation into the resettlement situation (in coordination with scientific research organizations, other competent authorities, and related projects).

3.4.2 For the people in the resettlement area

- Guide people to develop their livelihoods according to the development goal based on cultivation and livestock breeding. Invest more compensated money in agricultural production.

- The ethnic community has a high sense of solidarity. Therefore, mobilize village elders/leaders to issue common community regulations on exploiting and protecting natural resources around the Can Tom 2 resettlement area.

- People must strictly comply with local and community regulations on the protection and management of natural resources.

- Propaganda to help people understand the importance of TNR so that they can be ready to cooperate with authorities in effectively implementing TNR protection in the locality.

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

After conducting this research, I drew the following conclusions:

1. Forest resources play an important role in the lives of people in Can Tom resettlement area. 2. TNR provides products such as firewood, timber, wild vegetables, bamboo shoots, mushrooms, honey, wild animals, etc. Some exploited forest products such as timber and wild animals are illegal, but people still deliberately do it. In addition, due to lack of land for production, people also burn forests to make fields for cultivation.

2. Forest resources are now increasingly depleted due to people exploiting them indiscriminately to serve their family's life and without appropriate measures to restore TNR. In addition, some illegal loggers also exploit wood and wildlife, which also greatly affects TNR. However, despite these activities negatively affecting local TNR, the commune government, Forest Rangers, and the Forest Protection Management Board have not yet had effective measures to effectively manage and protect forests.

3. When moving to Can Tom 2 resettlement area due to the impact of A Luoi hydropower plant, people's lives were not guaranteed because the land was barren, with lots of gravel and gravel, not suitable for agricultural production. Livestock farming was also not guaranteed due to lack of grazing land and epidemics, so people were not interested in life here. In addition, the irrigation system and water pipes for farmers were damaged, causing a shortage of water for production and daily life. Houses and roads began to deteriorate rapidly (cracking, water seepage, etc.). In that situation, people could not find a source of income to ensure their lives as well as their families. Some households opened grocery stores, milling machines, and worked for hire to increase their family income, but not significantly.

4. Basic services for people's lives are not yet guaranteed. Schools have enough classes for all three levels (preschool, primary, secondary) but lack teachers. The health station built in the village is also not operating because there are no doctors and nurses to examine and treat patients. In addition, schools and health stations

The village's health care system is seriously deteriorating due to lack of management and poor construction quality.

Faced with the difficulties in the lives of people in Can Tom 2 resettlement area as well as the local TNR being exhausted, the thesis makes the following recommendations:

- For agricultural production: Carry out compensation work well for people in resettlement areas so that people can stabilize their lives. Support people in agricultural production activities (plants, breeds; techniques; plant protection drugs and veterinary drugs, land improvement...). Irrigation systems need to be repaired to meet the water needs for daily life and agricultural production of people. Complete compensation work according to regulations so that people can stabilize their lives and reduce pressure on TNR.

- Regarding TNR: Localities need to speed up the work of allocating land and forests to people for management. At the same time, raise people's awareness in managing and protecting TNR. Local authorities and relevant departments need to build a coordination mechanism in managing and protecting TNR.

- For services serving people's lives: Repairing school facilities and medical stations in the village. Finding human resources to serve teaching and medical examination and treatment activities for people. Repairing the water supply system for people's daily life.

- For people in Can Tom 2 resettlement area: Guide people to develop their livelihoods according to the development goal based on cultivation and livestock breeding. Mobilize village elders/leaders to issue general regulations of the community on exploiting and protecting natural resources. People strictly comply with local and community regulations on protecting and managing natural resources.

LIST OF REFERENCES

1. Da River Reservoir Project Management Board (2006), Situation of stabilizing the lives of resettled people in Hoa Binh Hydropower Plant after 15 years , Workshop documents on migration and resettlement policies for hydropower and irrigation projects, Department of Cooperatives and Rural Development - Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development.

2. Forestry Sector Handbook (2006), Non-timber Forest Products Chapter, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development , Forestry Sector Support Program and Partners.

3. Vo Kim Cuong (2007), “Regional development – ​​the inevitable process of stable development”, Vietnam Real Estate Magazine , No. 40.

4. Nguyen Viet Hai, Vu Cong Lan and colleagues (2007), Report on analysis of poverty reduction impacts through public investment on resettlement in the Central Highlands - Project "Monitoring and evaluating the implementation of CPRGS in rural areas of Vietnam", Hanoi.

5. Quynh Hanh - SEIA Group (2013), A more comprehensive view under environmental and social impact assessment , Vietnam rivers network, accessed on September 12, 2014

http://www.vrn.org.vn/vi/h/d/2013/02/600/Thuy_dien_A_Luoi:_A_more_complete_measure_of_environmental_and_social_impacts_assessment/index.html

6. Pham Thi Huong (2011), Resettlement and the transformation of Ma Lieng people's lives (Case study of Ca Xen resettlement village, Thanh Hoa commune, Huong Hoa district, Quang Binh province) , Faculty of History, Vinh University.

7. Asian Development Bank (1995), Resettlement Handbook – A Practical Guide .

8. Nguyen Hung Nam, Restoring sustainable livelihoods for resettled peopleof Son La hydroelectric project,Master's thesis in agricultural economics, Thuy Loi University.

9. National Political Publishing House (2008), Environment and Livelihoods: Strategies for Sustainable Development , Hanoi (Translated from: Neefjes, Koos (2000), Environments and Livelihoods: Strategies for Sustainability , Oxfam, Oxford )