hanging spikes; female flowers have 2 long styles, growing in short spikes. Capsules are 2 pieces, small; seeds have fine hairs. Growth rate: medium.
Weeping Willow likes humidity, suitable for planting by water, not suitable for planting in parks, gardens, offices.
4.4.2. Solutions for management and maintenance of street tree systems
Proposing general principles and measures:
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Renovating and replacing urban trees on both sides of the city's roads according to the 2016 - 2020 plan, the City continues to invest in construction and upgrading urban technical infrastructure and social infrastructure, ensuring that all targets are met and exceeded according to the maximum standards of a type II urban area, striving to develop Thai Binh City in both quality and quantity of a model type II urban area and striving to build Thai Binh City into a type I urban area before 2020.
- Arrange land area on the sidewalk to plant shade trees according to the motto: where there is a road, there are trees. Take advantage of empty spaces to arrange green areas: ornamental plants, lawns, trellis plants, plants growing on bridge pillars to increase aesthetics, create green areas, and improve urban green tree indicators.
- Strengthen management through regular inspection, care, and proposal of appropriate technical measures to protect, preserve, and improve the quality of the street tree system.
- Strictly handle acts of encroachment that affect the growth and development of the urban green tree system.
- Proposing socialization programs in green tree system development activities
- Propaganda, education and mobilization of the whole society, raising public awareness in protecting the urban green tree system.
Solutions on mechanisms and policies.
- Develop mechanisms and policies to ensure the implementation of approved urban green tree system planning, architecture and development plans. This is closely linked to the City planning.
- The City People's Committee arranges long-term funding for the urban green tree development plan.
- Assign specific responsibilities to the People's Committees of wards, units, organizations and individuals in protecting and developing the urban green tree system. Have clear reward policies and regulations for agencies, organizations, businesses and individuals with achievements in caring for, protecting and developing the urban green tree system.
- Develop and enforce strict sanctions against investors, organizations and individuals who do not comply with regulations on management, protection and development of urban green tree systems.
- Strengthen the inspection and supervision of construction works, handle violations of urban trees according to Decree No. 23/2009/ND-CP dated February 27, 2009 of the Government on administrative sanctions for violations in construction activities, real estate business, exploitation, production, and trading of construction materials, management of technical infrastructure works, management of housing and office development. In addition to compensation for replanting new trees to replace dead trees due to vandalism and illegally cut trees, it is proposed to prosecute criminal liability for acts of serious and frequent damage to trees.
- Strengthen the organization of specialized training for staff of Departments, branches, and wards, encourage specialized units to increase specialized equipment to ensure the maintenance of urban green tree systems according to technical processes, continue to build and perfect the process of managing and caring for urban green trees.
- The City People's Committee publicly announced the list of streets that need to replace trees and
Quantity, type, planting location, replacement tree species, for organization, individuals to know and coordinate during implementation
- Continue to decentralize the management, care and protection of urban trees, adjust decentralization according to reality to improve quality and responsibility in management work.
- Develop a coordination mechanism in the care, management and protection of the urban green tree system of the whole society including the State, community and private sector.
Capital solutions.
- Prioritize annual budget allocation for planning, conservation, care and maintenance of urban green tree systems.
- There needs to be a fixed budget source and a separate mechanism to create funds and investment resources to develop the urban green tree system. The proposed solution is for agencies, organizations, and private businesses with street-front houses to contribute a percentage of the cost to the green tree fund.
- Build funds and charitable contribution programs for social components such as businesses, tree associations, and people.
- In addition to financial contributions, people can be mobilized to contribute to the preservation and development of the street tree system. For example, the participation of women's associations in building flower-filled streets by placing flower pots on the streets, collecting garbage, dredging and clearing sewers, planting and caring for trees in the city. Funding is supported by women's associations, individuals and some local authorities.
Solutions on educational propaganda
- Develop action programs, plans to implement propaganda, raise public awareness in preserving and developing the urban green tree system in 3-5 year phases. The propaganda program is built according to vivid visual logic, abstract thinking to serve the requirements.
- Regularly organize conferences to disseminate knowledge of state laws and city regulations so that officials and people clearly understand their roles and responsibilities in preserving and developing the green tree system.
- Introduce shady trees in the city and especially ancient trees through photo exhibitions, highlighting their values to people's lives. At the same time, publish a list of street trees proposed for conservation.
- Organize introductory classes, training and competitions on awareness in primary and secondary schools about green building in the city. In recent years, this form has been organized many times by the Centers for Environmental Education and Communication under the sponsorship of international non-governmental organizations.
- Organize printing of leaflets introducing shade trees in the city. Make widely publicized billboards.
- Organize art photo exhibitions to introduce beautiful, rare ancient trees with historical and cultural value in the city on the occasion of major holidays.
Solutions on implementation organization
Immediately organize the renovation and replacement of trees on both sides of the road in the city as approved and coordinated by various departments and agencies.
+ Department of Construction:
- Preside and coordinate with relevant departments and branches to organize the development of plans and implement the renovation and replacement of urban trees to ensure safety, quality, accuracy in quantity and efficiency.
- Coordinate with the Department of Planning and Investment and the Department of Finance to inspect and review the budget documents, agree on the volume and implementation costs and submit them to the City People's Committee for approval according to regulations.
- Direct the investor's authorized unit to inspect, supervise and test
Collect the cutting, moving, planting replacement trees and other construction items according to regulations.
- Evaluate and summarize the City's report on implementation results.
+ Department of Planning and Investment.
- Take the lead in coordinating with the Department of Finance and the Department of Construction to balance and arrange annual capital plans in the City budget to serve the renovation and replacement of trees in Thai Binh City.
- Research and submit to the City People's Committee to issue incentive mechanisms and policies for organizations and individuals participating in investing in developing the urban green tree system.
+ Department of Finance:
- Preside and coordinate with the Department of Planning and Investment and the Department of Construction to report to the City People's Committee to balance and arrange funds for tree renovation, appraise the estimated budget and submit it to the City for approval according to regulations.
+ Department of Planning and Architecture:
Strictly manage urban planning, ensure tree density according to the approved general regulations of the City.
+ Department of Transport:
Coordinate with the Department of Construction when implementing projects to plant trees and renovate sidewalks, comply with regulations on protecting and planting trees in urban areas.
+ Department of Agriculture and Rural Development
Support and develop seed sources and tree species to create diversity and abundance of urban trees, develop nursery logistics facilities to serve the city's tree planting needs.
+ Department of Information and Communications:
Preside and coordinate with the Department of Construction to organize the dissemination of the content of this project on the mass media system.
+ City People's Committee and Ward People's Committees:
Based on the approved plan, organize the dissemination and publicization of approved plans, and at the same time be responsible for managing plans and land use plans to serve the implementation of the project. Implement programs and projects on planting, managing and protecting trees according to the decentralization and state management functions in the area.
Plant variety solutions:
- To develop a sustainable urban green tree system, the City must proactively source trees and tree species that meet the technical requirements. The age of saplings planted on the street is from 8-10 years old, which is also the time when the trees are cared for in the nursery. Therefore, the requirement here is to build nurseries that meet standards in terms of area and scale with appropriate equipment and technology.
- Standards for street trees: Trees in the list of trees to be planted must have a minimum diameter of 10cm, height over 6m, straight and beautiful trunk, and no pests or diseases.
- Street plant species have been proposed by the author in the upper part of the thesis.
+ Some other technical measures:
Systematically manage street trees. All street trees must be inventoried, numbered, and have a record of the accompanying technical measures, clearly stating the planting date, location, species, and pruning measures. This will help determine the aging status of the trees according to their biological cycle to propose appropriate treatment measures to address unsafe conditions caused by trees during the rainy and stormy season, such as falling and broken branches. At the same time, there will be revenue from logging before the trees become old, increasing the economic efficiency of trees.
- The time to prune trees is not when young branches sprout and grow. For trees that lose their leaves at a certain time (trees that do not have leaves in the fall)
Winter): the best pruning time is from October to January of the following year. When pruning trees, attention should be paid to the aesthetic and environmental protection effects of the tree. Pruning is to reduce broken branches due to branches growing too long and to keep the tree canopy airy so as not to obstruct the wind. Do not prune too much because it will directly affect the growth and development of the tree.
- Select trees according to their intended use and test planting on a few streets of sufficient length to summarize and evaluate the experience.
- Research on tree care and pruning measures according to purpose and fertilization regime for newly planted trees.
- Research on pest and disease treatment for some plant species such as: Lagerstroemia,..
- Particularly for ancient trees, it is necessary to conduct research on the growth process of the trees, the situation of pests and diseases, and the decay of branches and trunks, as well as fertilization and treatment measures to maintain and preserve trees of historical and cultural value.
CONCLUSION – EXISTENCE – RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Conclusion
Through the investigation of the current status of street trees in Thai Binh city, along with data provided by the tree company, the total number of trees planted on the streets of the entire city is 12,818 trees in the city, of which 90% are woody species such as: Banyan, Milk, Lagerstroemia, Royal Poinciana, Barringtonia acutangula... The remaining 10% are low-rise decorative trees and fruit trees. But most of the routes still plant too many species, mainly Banyan, a tree species that is recommended not to be planted in urban areas.
The city area includes many routes, so I chose 8 main routes in the inner city area, thereby showing that the above routes still lack trees, the trees are not strictly managed, are still encroached by people, and are affected by the electricity and fiber optic systems. Some routes have high traffic density, trade, go through hospitals and schools such as Le Quy Don, Tran Hung Dao, Ly Bon... the density of trees is still low, leading to noise pollution, dust, besides the combination of species has not created urban beauty.
Species should be selected that are suitable for the planning of each route, prioritizing species with beautiful flowers, beautiful foliage, and high resistance to storms such as: Sau, Viet, Bang Lang...
After investigating the current status of the roads, it is necessary to implement a combination of additional planting, renovation, and care of all tree species on the streets and to propagate to the people to join hands in protecting and developing trees for the whole city.
2. Existence
Besides the achieved results, the topic still has the following shortcomings:
- The topic is only limited to research on urban trees planted on 8 routes.