through many information channels. There are communes that have internet, which contributes to improving the spiritual life of farmers. The implementation of civilized lifestyle in weddings, funerals, and festivals has been widely supported by the people, and many backward customs have been prevented. Information and propaganda work has achieved many good results, serving well the political tasks in the province.
CHAPTER 1 SUMMARY
In more than ten years and especially in the last five years, the Vietnamese countryside in general and the Phu Tho countryside in particular have really had comprehensive changes. Phu Tho province has favorable conditions for implementing policies on socio-economic development, technical facilities, infrastructure of the province in general and new rural construction in particular. Before implementing the new rural program, the Phu Tho rural area achieved encouraging results in many areas: the poverty rate decreased, people's lives were improved. Rural infrastructure has been invested in new construction and upgraded in a modern direction. The economic structure of the rural area has shifted in a progressive direction. Household production is developing with many new forms of production organization. Phu Tho countryside has a long history of development associated with the history of the nation, associated with the long-standing cultural history of the Vietnamese people. It is an area with political stability, a strengthened rural political system, and increasingly promoted democracy. The rural areas of the whole country in general and the rural areas of Phu Tho in particular are mostly closely linked together by relationships: clan, bloodline, village and neighborhood relationships... All of the above factors are favorable conditions for Phu Tho to carry out the new rural construction program, opening up a bright future, a new look for the rural areas of Phu Tho. At the same time, the rural areas of Phu Tho still have many shortcomings in the new situation, in the following areas: the transformation of the rural economic structure is still slow, uneven between regions and not suitable to the potential of each region. The difficulties of agriculture when joining the WTO are that businesses will face great competition and it will be very difficult to survive, especially in industries that do not have development advantages and the consequence is that there will be a strong redistribution of the agricultural production structure... The income of rural people is still low, the gap between rich and poor tends to be
The trend is increasing not only between rural and urban areas but also within rural areas. Rural infrastructure is still weak and patchy. etc.
Indeed, besides the particularly favorable conditions, as a great resource for Phu Tho to carry out the construction of new rural areas, there are still shortcomings and difficulties, as a challenge for the province in the construction and development process. However, it seems that these great challenges are also the driving force for Phu Tho to be determined to well implement the policies assigned by the Party and the State, bringing farmers a new life of prosperity, happiness and fulfillment.
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Chapter 2
PHU THO PROVINCIAL PARTY COMMITTEE LEADS NEW RURAL AREA CONSTRUCTION (2008 - 2014)
2.1. Party's policy on new rural construction
Under the leadership of the Party, our country is progressing rapidly, strongly, and steadily on the path of socio-economic development, with the goal of bringing our country out of underdevelopment and on par with other countries in the region and the world. Entering the 21st century, starting from the premises that have been created, our country has entered a new period of development: the period of promoting industrialization and modernization, creating a foundation for our country to basically become an industrial country. Starting from the fact that our country is an agricultural country, the Party always attaches importance to the position of agriculture and rural areas in socio-economic development, "now and in the coming years, the issues of agriculture, farmers and rural areas are of special strategic importance" [28, p. 190]. In that spirit, one of the directions set forth by the Party to promote the country's industrialization and modernization is to carry out the industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas. In the new situation, when the world will continue to change, science and technology will develop more and more, the knowledge economy will play an increasingly prominent role in the development of productive forces, the globalization trend will take place strongly... our country needs to quickly rise up to avoid the risk of falling further behind economically compared to many countries in the region and in the world. To meet the new requirements of the country, the Party has advocated mobilizing necessary resources to promote industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas.
On the other hand, the reality of Vietnam's rural areas in the context of industrialization and modernization still has many difficulties and shortcomings in many aspects. Overall, the transformation of the rural economic structure and the agricultural economic structure is still slow and not closely following the market. The rural economic structure is still heavily agricultural. Agricultural production is still scattered, fragmented, and
Many spontaneous factors; the application of science and technology in production is still slow. The productivity, quality and competitiveness of many agricultural products in our country are low, inefficient and unsustainable. Rural industry, especially the processing industry of agricultural, forestry and fishery products, develops slowly, most of our country's agricultural products are still in the form of primary processing. Industries in rural areas are still developing slowly, not attracting many workers, service activities for production and people's lives are still poor and have many shortcomings in response to the requirements of commodity production. Rural labor is still mainly manual, the level of education and the rate of trained workers are low. Infrastructure serving production and life in some areas, especially remote areas, still faces many difficulties. The road and traffic system is lacking and of poor quality. Commune-level roads in many places are impassable during the rainy and stormy season. Health care facilities are lacking and outdated. Housing conditions and environmental sanitation are unsatisfactory. Rural residents in some places do not have access to clean water, lack schools and outdated learning facilities; commercial infrastructure is underdeveloped, thousands of communes do not have markets... Productivity and income of rural workers are low, with an increasing gap between urban and rural areas, between lowland and highland areas, etc. Our country is striving to develop into an industrial country, and there cannot be an industrial country if agriculture and rural areas are still backward and people's living standards are still low. In this situation, the Party has proposed a policy to implement a new rural construction program. This is a task that the Party has identified as of primary importance in the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country, at the same time contributing to improving the material and spiritual life of people living in rural areas. The 10th Party Congress (2006) determined: "Implementing the new rural construction program aims to build villages, communes, hamlets, and villages with a prosperous, civilized, and clean life... promoting democracy, building a cultural lifestyle, and eliminating social evils in the countryside."
rural areas” [27, p.195]. The issue of new rural construction was specifically mentioned at the 7th Conference of the Central Executive Committee (10th tenure) which passed Resolution 26-NQ/TU “On agriculture, farmers, and rural areas” (August 5, 2008). Resolution 26-NQ/TU sets out the goal of new rural construction: having modern economic and social infrastructure; reasonable economic structure and forms of production organization, linking agriculture with rapid development of industry and services; linking rural development with urban areas according to planning; a democratic, stable rural society rich in national cultural identity; a protected ecological environment; security and order maintained; the material and spiritual life of the people is increasingly improved, following the socialist orientation [28, p.126].
Building a rural model in the new period of the country is to comprehensively and firmly develop agriculture and rural areas, aiming to improve people's lives. Building a new rural area must meet the requirements of development, have innovation in organization and operation, meet people's needs, achieve high efficiency in all aspects of economy, politics, culture, society, more progressive than previous rural construction. In addition, building a new rural area needs to meet the requirements of the period of industrialization, modernization of the country, marketization requires rural development to enhance integration with regions, areas and internationally.
Building new rural areas is building a rural model that includes all the characteristics according to new criteria, meeting the following characteristics:
One is : economic development, material and spiritual life of rural residents is improved.
Second : Rural areas develop according to planning, with modern infrastructure, economy, and society, and protected ecological environment.
Third : People's knowledge is improved, national cultural identity is preserved and promoted.
Four : Good security, democratic management.
Five is : The quality of the political system is improved [5, p.3].
To build a new countryside with the above 5 characteristics, the Prime Minister signed Decision No. 491/QD-TTg (April 16, 2009) promulgating the National Criteria for New Rural Areas including 19 criteria in all fields: Planning, Socio-economic infrastructure, Economy and production organization, Culture - society - environment, Political system.[65, p1]
Criterion No. 1 : Planning and implementation of planning : Planning of land use and essential infrastructure for the development of agricultural production, industry, handicrafts and services. Planning of economic infrastructure development
- society - environment, developing new residential areas and renovating existing residential areas in the commune.
Criterion No. 2 : Traffic: 100% of commune and inter-commune roads are asphalted or concreted according to the standards of the Ministry of Transport. The rate of hardened village and hamlet roads is 70%. Alleys and hamlets are clean and not muddy in the rainy season is 100%. The rate of hardened main roads in the fields, convenient for motor vehicles to travel is 65%.[66, p.2].
Criterion No. 3 : Irrigation : The irrigation system basically meets the requirements of production and people's lives. The rate of canals managed by the commune that are solidified reaches 65%.[66, p.2]
Criterion No. 4 : Electrical system . Content: The electrical system ensures the technical requirements of the electrical industry. The rate of households using safe and regular electricity from various sources reaches 98%.
Criterion No. 5 : Schools : The rate of schools at all levels from preschool, kindergarten, primary school, and secondary school with facilities meeting national standards reaches 80%.
Criterion No. 6: Cultural facilities : Cultural houses and commune sports areas meet the standards of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. 100% of villages have cultural houses and village sports areas meeting the regulations of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism.[66, p.3]
Criterion No. 7 : Rural market : Market meets the standards of the Ministry of Construction.
Criterion No. 8 : Post office : Has postal and telecommunications service points. Internet access to the village.
Criterion 9: Residential housing : No temporary or dilapidated houses. Housing meets the standards of the Ministry of Construction.
Criterion No. 10 : Income : Average income per capita/year compared to the average level of the province is 1.4 times higher.
Criterion No. 11 : Poor households : Poverty rate below 6%.
Criterion No. 12: Labor structure : The proportion of working-age laborers working in the agriculture, forestry and fishery sectors is under 30%.
Criterion No. 13 : Form of production organization : Having an effective cooperative or cooperative group.
Criterion No. 14 : Education . Content: Universal secondary education. The rate of secondary school graduates continuing to secondary school (general, supplementary, vocational) reaches 85%. Trained labor force is over 35%.
Criterion No. 15 : Health: People participating in health insurance forms reaches 30%. Commune health meets national standards.
Criterion No. 16 : Culture . Content: The commune has 70% or more of its villages and hamlets meeting the cultural village standards according to the regulations of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism.
Criterion No. 17: Environment : The rate of households using clean water according to national standards is 85%. Production and business establishments meet environmental standards. There are no activities that cause environmental degradation and there are activities to develop a green, clean and beautiful environment. Cemeteries are built according to planning. Wastewater is collected and treated according to regulations.[65, p.5]
Criterion No. 18 : Strong socio-political organization system : Commune cadres meet standards. There are enough organizations in the grassroots political system according to regulations. The Party Committee and commune government meet the standards of "clean and strong". All political organizations of the commune have achieved the title of advanced or higher.[65, p.6]