VND, the average production capital of a farm is VND 257.8 million. Many farms in the southern provinces such as Lam Dong, Binh Phuoc, Tay Ninh, Binh Duong, Ba Ria-Vung Tau have an average capital scale of more than VND 500 million. The average profit from KTTT reaches nearly VND 120 million/farm, 15 times higher than the average profit of households. The value of products of the farms is 7-10% higher than the national average. The proportion of goods of many farms reaches more than 90% such as coffee, rubber... Some farms have combined production and processing, so they have achieved high economic efficiency.
2.2.2.1. Typical chicken farm in the North
Starting his livestock business more than 10 years ago with a mixed livestock farm of more than 1 hectare, lacking market knowledge and livestock farming techniques, he failed, losing up to billions of VND. Not discouraged, this young man diligently read newspapers, learned from successful livestock farming models and decided to start a business with a model of raising free-range chickens combined with selling livestock feed.
Currently, Do Son Livestock Cooperative is maintaining a total chicken herd of over
100,000 chickens, Mr. Le Thanh Su alone accounts for about 40 - 50% with a permanent flock of 40,000 - 50,000 chickens. Visiting many chicken farming models across the country, he realized that the environmental pollution, especially the soil source, is extremely difficult due to long-term storage of chicken manure. In addition, chickens move around a lot, making the soil hard, worms are inactive, making the environment worse and that is the source of many diseases and epidemics.
2.3. Overview of the locality and farm where the internship will take place
2.3.1. Overview of the locality where the internship will take place
Cao Ngan is a commune located in the northern suburbs of Thai Nguyen city, bordering Quan Trieu and Quang Vinh wards. On July 31, 2008, the Government issued Decree No. 84/2008/ND-CP on adjusting the administrative boundaries of Dong Hy district to expand Thai Nguyen city, Thai Nguyen province.
In September 2008, Cao Ngan commune (Dong Hy) was officially merged into Thai Nguyen city. With an area of 861.06 hectares and a population of 6,447 people.
- Xom Vai is located next to Cau River with a tropical monsoon climate, typical of the climate in the North of our country. In a year there are 4 distinct seasons: Spring
- Summer - Autumn - Winter Geographically very close to Thai Nguyen city. This is a basic factor that creates conditions for Xom Vai to promote its existing potential in socio-economic development.
Hung Lan Broiler Farm is located in Xom Vai, Cao Ngan Commune, Thai Nguyen City, right next to the Cau River, with a large area, basically flat, very convenient for developing a large-scale farm model.
2.3.2. Overview of Hung Lan chicken farm
The farm was established in 2010, initially a pig farm, but after 7 years of pig farming, partly due to market demand, in 2018 the farm decided to switch to raising broilers. Originating from a household economy, with the will to get rich, with knowledge and experience, the farm decided to expand its production scale. After two years of construction and development, the farm has achieved certain achievements and is a reputable broiler farm supplying stores in the province as well as neighboring provinces.
To achieve this result, the farm always attaches importance to and strictly adheres to the proposed production process, while strengthening the inspection and supervision of input materials according to the farm's standards and in accordance with the regulations of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development. The chickens have clear origins, especially without using prohibited substances (according to the regulations of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development). Therefore, the products always ensure high stability, product quality is increasingly improved, and prices are competitive compared to other farms....
The farm constantly improves technology and science to improve productivity and product quality, increase competitiveness in the market, and cooperate with other sectors in the supply chain of clean chicken and clean food.
Currently, the farm has invested a large amount of capital to meet the requirements of expanding production and creating an abundant amount of products to serve the needs of people in the area. At the same time, the farm has also applied scientific and technical advances, implementing economic accounting of the farm.
The farm's products gradually reach the market, meet market demands and gradually expand the market. The farm has a workforce, ensuring production and development of the farm.
As of 2020, the farm has established two more facilities in Song Cau Town (Dong Hy) and La Hien (Vo Nhai).
Thus, the farm has gradually developed from a family-sized farm to a large-scale farm achieving many economic efficiency as it is today.
2.4. Advantages and disadvantages related to internship content
2.4.1. Advantages
* For students
- Receive enthusiastic support from instructors throughout the internship.
- The farm always creates favorable conditions for me to complete the assigned tasks well.
* For farms
- The farm owner is a person with the will to get rich, has accumulated a lot of experience in raising livestock over many years and has a firm grasp of broiler farming techniques.
- The farm has applied science and technology to livestock farming such as: automatic water troughs, hanging feed troughs, etc., raising livestock according to the correct techniques and vaccinating according to schedule.
- The farm's broiler products are of high quality and meet consumer tastes.
- Families are given the best conditions by companies, animal feed businesses, and credit institutions to develop livestock farming.
2.4.2. Difficulties
* For students
- Lack of experience and technical processes in disease prevention and treatment in poultry farming.
* For farms
- Raising chickens for a long time will cause more or less environmental pollution. The remaining waste from the previous batch will more or less affect the next batch, increasing costs for the farmer. In addition, raising chickens often requires contact with veterinary drugs that have a strong smell, chicken manure, and dusty air in the farm, etc. This also affects the health of the chicken farmer.
- The farm is located near the main traffic route between the hamlets, with many vehicles passing by. There are also many families developing chicken farms, so the disease pressure on the farm is extremely high.
- Lack of connection between farms raising chickens together.
- Not yet proactive in output, market prices are unstable so it still depends on the consumption of traders.
PART 3
INTERNSHIP RESULTS
3.1. Content to learn and experience at the farm
3.1.1. Internship content and specific work on the farm
- Learn about the farm's resources to serve the production process: labor, land, capital, etc.
- Learning through practical experience in livestock farming techniques and disease prevention in broiler farming:
+ Learn about the preparation and initial work to start raising chicks.
+ Learn about the farm's proactive disease prevention process using vaccines and vaccination schedule for chickens.
+ Learn and study carefully how to take care of chickens in each stage until selling.
- Understand the farm's production organization system: Observe, monitor and discuss with the owner about the farm's production organization and the farm's relationship with stakeholders (farm owner, animal feed supplier, breed supplier, bank, trader, etc.).
- Evaluate the economic efficiency of the farm: Collect information on basic construction costs, regular costs, revenue, and farm profits.
- Understand the input and output factors of the farm: food, materials, breeds, veterinary medicine, etc.
- Analyze the advantages, disadvantages, opportunities and challenges of the farm.
+ Discuss with the farm owner the advantages and disadvantages of the farm, the opportunities and challenges of the farm in the market economy.
+ From analyzing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges, we can come up with solutions to overcome the farm's difficulties.
3.1.2. Learn about the necessary conditions for building a broiler farm model
1/ Resources needed to develop a farm
- Land is an indispensable resource in farm development.
- Human resources, labor.
- Capital resources.
2/ Requirements of a farm owner
- A broiler farm owner needs to know how to skillfully manage the following 5 factors:
+ Use of capital.
+ Use of labor.
+ Use the device.
+ Grasp market needs.
+ Have scientific and intelligent management capacity.
To meet the above 5 factors, the following 8 conditions are needed:
+ Must have the desire to get rich from your farm.
+ Master professional knowledge.
+ Must know how to promote products and attract customers.
+ Must have production plan, check work, avoid useless meetings.
+ Invest appropriately and appropriately in livestock equipment to improve product quality.
+ Always interested in highly qualified human resources.
+ The farm owner never forgets his partners and competitors.
+ Create enthusiasm for business between the farm owner and everyone working together.
3/ Techniques to be mastered when developing a farm
- Have organizational and management skills.
- Quick to grasp all necessary information.
- Understand techniques in animal husbandry (care, feeding, disease prevention and treatment).
- Always monitor business performance.
4/ Financial and labor management
In financial management it is necessary to:
- Short-term and long-term financial planning.
- Farm capital management. Labor management:
- Have clear work evaluation criteria.
- Choose the right person and assign appropriate work to each person.
- Rewards and punishments are certain…
3.2. Evaluation of farm performance
3.2.1. Farm's business performance over the years
Table 3.1: Farm business performance results over the years
Year
Farm size (number of children/year) | Profit (copper) | Note | |
2010 | 1,000 | 30,000,000 | Pig farming |
2011 | 1,000 | 30,000,000 | Pig farming |
2012 | 1,000 | 31,000,000 | Pig farming |
2013 | 2,000 | 40,000,000 | Pig farming |
2014 | 2,000 | 39,000,000 | Pig farming |
2015 | 2,000 | 40,000,000 | Pig farming |
2016 | 2,000 | 40,000,000 | Pig farming |
2017 | 2,000 | 30,000,000 | Pig farming |
2018 | 10,000 | 200,000,000 | Broiler |
2019 | 13,000 | 221,100,000 | Broiler |
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(Source: Survey data 2020)
Through the above table, we can see that the farm's profits have increased over the years. The farm owner has boldly changed the production purpose from pig farming to chicken farming and realized that raising broiler chickens is suitable for market consumption and profits are increasing.
3.2.2. Analysis of investment costs in construction and development of the farm
Types of costs in farm construction and development:
Table 3.2: Initial construction costs for a scale of 10,000 chickens
Content
Total amount (VND) | |
Cost of building barns | 1,200,000,000 |
Equipment (feeders, drinkers, electricity, water...) | 72,000,000 |
Water pump | 6,000,000 |
Industrial fan | 36,000,000 |
Costs incurred for equipment depreciation and disease | 20,000,000 |
Other costs | 10,000,000 |
Total | 1,344,000,000 |
(Source: Survey data 2020)
* Notes on investing in building farm models :
- It is necessary to carefully calculate costs to avoid financial problems when doing business.
- Grasp market information, learn more experience and techniques in raising broiler chickens.
- Choose a farming method that suits your budget.