Thesis:
“Report on internship at public chemical institute
Vietnamese industry"
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PART I: VIETNAM INSTITUTE OF INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY
CHAPTER 1: GENERAL INTRODUCTION TO THE PUBLIC INSTITUTE OF CHEMISTRY
VIETNAMESE INDUSTRY
1. General introduction
English name Institute of Industrial Chemistry Abbreviated name IIC
2. Field of activity
Researching chemical technology, deploying and applying technical advances including applied research, experimentation, production - creating new technologies, products, materials and equipment for the industry chemical industry and other economic sectors.
Evaluate, inspect, and analyze the quality of chemical products, natural resources,
environment.
Consulting for the Corporation and economic units inside and outside the Corporation on science and technology. Participate in formulating and appraising scientific and technical projects and drafting chemical technology.
Postgraduate training and participation in training specialized scientific, technical and technological staff.
Scientific and technical services.
Production and business.
3. Development history
In 1955, it was formerly known as the Laboratory under the Indochina Department of Mines.
In 1957, it became the Industrial Research Institute under the Ministry of Industry and Trade
was renamed the Institute of Chemistry.
According to Decision No. 75CP/TTg dated April 30, 1964 of the Prime Minister, the Institute of Chemistry merged with the Chemistry Department under the State Science Committee to become the Chemical Research Institute under the Ministry of Heavy Industry.
In 1969, the name was changed to Institute of Industrial Chemistry.
4. Functional departments of the Institute
Key laboratory for petrochemical refining (No. 2 Pham Ngu Lao)
Center for Pharmaceutical Chemistry Technology: research on technologies for producing drugs from natural and fossil raw materials.
Center for materials science.
Center for organic chemistry and surface chemistry: research and synthesis of surfactants...
Inorganic Fertilizer Center: inorganic research, agricultural chemicals...
Analysis Center, MT.
Center for Environment and Chemical Safety.
Biotechnology Center.
Petroleum additives center: research on additives for petroleum...
Research and Development Center: deploy pilot-scale technology to launch
market.
Scientific research center.
Pilot-scale industrial deployment workshop
Other functional departments such as finance, warehouse, etc.
Industrial scale deployment workshop (pilot)
Flotation medicine factory with paraffin oxidation line.
Formalin production factory by oxidation - dehydrogenation of methanol - air mixture using Silver catalyst BASF technology.
CHAPTER 2: NATIONAL KEY LABORATORY
FILTERING - PETROCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
1. Organizational structure and operations
National Key Laboratory of Refining and Petrochemical Technology was established in 2003 by the government's decision with an investment of 67 billion VND, and is a unit under the Ministry of Science and Technology.
The laboratory's leadership includes a director appointed by the Ministry of Science and Technology and deputy directors appointed by the Vietnam Institute of Industrial Chemistry. Operating in parallel with the board of directors, there is also a specialized council.
Currently, the national key laboratory of Refining and Petrochemical Technology is carrying out two main tasks: scientific research and training (master's and doctoral levels).
2. Ongoing projects and topics
With the strength of scientific staff as well as state-invested equipment, the laboratory has been implementing many projects and scientific topics, typically:
Production of - Al 2 O 3 on pilot scale, has been successful in pelletizing and granulating.
Producing biofuel (biodiesel) on heterogeneous catalysts with a capacity of 200 tons/year. The main ingredients come from fish fat and seed oil (Jatropha, rubber). This project is in cooperation with Korea.
Ethanol fuel production.
Research on HDS process and photochemical TiO 2 catalyst.
3. Main equipment of the laboratory
The laboratory currently owns pilot-scale equipment and analytical equipment. These include primary product analysis equipment, environmental analysis and catalytic research equipment.
Here are some main devices:
3.1 Spray drying equipment
3.1.1 Purpose
Create catalyst granules (fine powder form)
3.1.2 Operating principles
Pass a solution through the injector to create jets, hot air is drawn from the bottom up, cutting through the solution stream to create small particles. During the process of falling from above, they will cool down and then enter the hopper. Gas mixed with small particles is passed through the cyclone to be recovered.
When changing to a larger injector, we can use it to spray gel solution
create smooth catalysts.
Particle size can be adjusted by nozzle size, spray speed, air flow rate, and temperature.
3.2 IR infrared spectroscopy device
3.2.1 Purpose
Study the structure of molecules.
3.2.2 Operating principles
Chemical compounds have the ability to selectively absorb radiation in the infrared region. Then the molecules vibrate at many different speeds and obtain an absorption spectrum called infrared radiation absorption. Each functional group, the bond will
There is a characteristic absorption region, through which we can determine the formula of the compounds.
The structure of an IR device includes 4 main parts:
- Radiation source: usually burning lamps.
- Dispersion system for dispersion spectrometer: prism or grating. For non-dispersive spectrometers, a filter is often used to isolate the wavelength to be determined.
- Detector: to receive and record signals
In this laboratory, we can conduct measurements by two methods: measuring in an inert N2 gas environment to eliminate the influence of water vapor; In situ measurement (Then vacuum is performed, the pressure is about 10 -3 - 10 -4 mmHg)
3.3 High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
3.3.1 Purpose
S
Used to measure substances with iron
high, gas chromatography cannot be used.
3.3.2 Operating principles
This is a physicochemical analysis method based on the principle of continuous absorption and desorption of the absorbent. Then, based on the measured parameters, determine the concentration of the analytes.
3.4 Gas chromatography combined with mass spectrometry (GC – MS)
3.4.1 Purpose
GC – MS is a very sensitive method, often used for
Research the composition of substances in air, solutions...
3.4.2 Operating principles
GC – MS is made up of two components: gas chromatography to separate mixtures into separate substances and mass spectrometry to determine both qualitatively and quantitatively those substances.
Gas chromatography includes: sample inlet, outer shell and separation column.
Mass spectrometry includes: ion source, filter, detector.
After passing through the above two parts, the received signal will be sent to the computer for processing, producing mass spectrometry results. This result will be compared with an existing mass spectrum library and conclusions will be drawn about the compound that needs to be identified.
3.5 Differential thermal analyzer (DTA)
3.5.1 Purpose
Determine dehydration temperature, decomposition temperature before phase change or phase change temperature.
3.5.2 Operating principles
The analyte is compared with a standard or environment. The parameter to be followed is the difference T between the temperatures of the two substances above. Then the device will give us a curve showing the dependence of T on temperature (or time, mass).
On the vertical axis there are always signs indicating leakage in the direction of heat absorption and heat release. The endothermic effect often characterizes processes such as evaporation, sublimation, melting... The exothermic effect often characterizes the process of solids changing from amorphous to crystalline state, isomerization... However, if If an oxidation-reduction reaction occurs, it is also accompanied by a loss of mass along the TGA line.
The standard substance is selected so that in the temperature range under study it absorbs heat only to heat up without any other thermal effects. Thus, although they are in the same heating regime, each time they are in the sample