Legal Education for Prisoners Must Always Be Under the Leadership and Direction of the Criminal Enforcement Management Agency; Organization and Regulation

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Phone; can send books, newspapers, magazines with appropriate legal content for women to read and learn more. Each woman herself must be aware of the meaning and importance of studying the law and acquiring legal knowledge. Close coordination between the World, relevant agencies, women's families and each woman herself is both a guiding viewpoint and a measure to ensure the improvement of legal education effectiveness for women.

4.1.4. Legal education for prisoners must always be under the leadership and direction of the criminal enforcement management agency; the organization and operation of prisons.

The Criminal Judgment Enforcement Management Agency under the Ministry of Public Security has the task of assisting the Minister of Public Security in performing the following tasks: organizing the implementation of the law on criminal judgment enforcement; directing professional activities and guiding the uniform application of legal provisions on criminal judgment enforcement; summarizing the work of criminal judgment enforcement. At the same time, this agency also has a number of specific tasks and powers: organizing the inspection of the work of criminal judgment enforcement by the People's Public Security force; deciding to send prisoners to the place of execution of their sentences; directly managing the TGs under the Ministry of Public Security; implementing the statistics and reporting regime; resolving complaints and denunciations about the execution of criminal judgments; performing other tasks and powers assigned by the Minister of Public Security.

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One of the specific tasks under the above-mentioned duties and powers of the criminal judgment enforcement management agency under the Ministry of Public Security is to lead, direct professional activities, and guide the application of legal provisions on civil status for women in the regions under the Ministry of Public Security as well as inspect and supervise the implementation of this work. To carry out that task, the criminal judgment enforcement management agency under the Ministry of Public Security has organized the development and promulgation of documents directing and guiding civil status for women in the regions or related to this work, such as coordinating with the Vietnam Institute of Educational Sciences to compile a set of documents on " Civic Education " for women, including the civil status section. Civil status for women in the regions must be based on the content and spirit of those documents to ensure the leadership and direction of the criminal judgment enforcement management agency; at the same time, ensuring the unity, uniformity, and order of this work.

As an agency executing prison sentences, one of the tasks and powers of the TG under the Ministry of Public Security is to receive, organize detention management, and rehabilitate prisoners.

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create PN, including organizing legal education for PN. Based on legal regulations, guidance documents, and instructions of the criminal judgment enforcement agency, the TGs are the places that directly organize legal education for PN under the direction and management of the TG Supervisor and Deputy TG Supervisors (performing the duties and powers of the Supervisor according to the assignment or authorization of the Supervisor and being responsible within the scope of assigned work). Therefore, the work of legal education for PN must always be under the direction and management of the TG.

4.1.5. It is necessary to select the content, methods and forms of legal education appropriate to the characteristics of the situation of prisoners in prisons.

Content, methods and forms of legal education are the basic elements of legal education activities for women in the world. There is an organic relationship, interaction and complementarity between these elements. Therefore, to ensure legal education for women, it is necessary to choose appropriate content, methods and forms of legal education.

The content of legal education for women in the regions must ensure scientificity, comply with the content of the legal education program for women, ensure to meet the practical needs of women and be suitable for the characteristics of age, gender, education, and crime structure in each region. Based on statistics on the actual crime situation in each region, it is necessary to develop specialized legal education topics on prominent crimes in the region to convey to women.

The method of legal education for women in the world must be given more importance and placed in its right position and role, and must also ensure scientific and modernity; gradually shift from the method of "taking the teacher as the center" to the method of "taking the learner as the center" in order to "promote the positivity and creativity of the learner, overcome the one-way transmission method" [27, p.97]. Legal education officers need to harmoniously combine the traditional presentation method with the problem-raising method, combine the communication of legal content with the presentation of situations and multiple-choice exercises; enhance dialogue methods, group discussions on legal topics, and the situation-raising method to engage women in debate and discussion to find the most reasonable solution.

It is necessary to diversify and combine many forms of legal education for women in different periods in a flexible and creative manner, suitable to the characteristics of each group of women; gradually exploit and apply information technology (preparing lectures, lesson plans, etc.)

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electronic) to serve the work of legal education for prisoners. In addition to the main form of teaching in the hall, it is necessary to strengthen other forms of legal education, such as using mass media, dramatization, discussions in prison cells, legal knowledge competitions...

4.1.6. Closely combine legal education with civic education, cultural teaching and vocational training for prisoners.

In fact, the viewpoint of closely combining legal education with civic education, cultural education and vocational training for prisoners has been stipulated in the Law on Criminal Enforcement: “1. Prisoners must study law, civic education and be educated in culture and vocational training. Illiterate prisoners must study culture to eliminate illiteracy...” [64, Clause 1, Article 28]. The 2012 Law on Dissemination and Education also stipulates: “2. Dissemination and education of law for people serving prison sentences... is focused on implementation through legal education and civic education programs and integrated into cultural education, vocational training, and community reintegration education programs; dissemination of current information and policies; club activities, peer groups and other appropriate forms” [65, Clause 2, Article 21].

The implementation of the viewpoint of closely combining legal education for women with civic education, cultural education and vocational training for them is to ensure the synchronization, harmony and effectiveness of legal education for women in all regions. There is a dialectical relationship between legal education and civic education, cultural education and vocational training for women: legal education for women must be associated with civic education. The main content of civic education for women is moral education and life skills. The goal of legal education and moral education is to establish legal order and moral order, forming in each individual legal behavior, in accordance with social ethics. A fair, democratic and civilized society is a society in which all citizens must have awareness and a lifestyle consistent with the ethical foundation and comply with the law. The goal of law and morality is to serve people, for the human values of people. Having legal knowledge but lacking understanding and respect for ethical values, it is difficult for PN to become a useful person when returning to reintegrate into society.

Legal education must be associated with cultural education for women because legal education is only effective when based on a certain educational foundation. The higher the educational level of women, the easier it is to study law and vice versa. Illiterate women will find it difficult to

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acquiring legal knowledge, not to mention understanding the law. Therefore, to ensure the effectiveness of legal education for illiterate women, the prerequisite is to teach them to read and write, which can be implemented in conjunction with vocational training activities for women.

4.2. GROUPS OF SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF LEGAL EDUCATION FOR PRISONERS IN PRISONS IN VIETNAM

4.2.1. Group of solutions to ensure from the criminal enforcement management agency (General Department VIII, Ministry of Public Security)

To ensure the improvement of the effectiveness of legal education for women in the world in our country today, as the agency managing legal education for women in the world, General Department VIII, Ministry of Public Security needs to effectively implement the following specific solutions:

4.2.1.1. Develop and perfect the system of legal documents guiding the organization and implementation of legal education for prisoners in prisons.

In order to strengthen the work of legal education for women in the countries, ensuring the realization of the purpose of punishment, in recent years, the State and competent agencies have developed and issued a system of legal documents on legal education for women in the countries, including specific regulations on subjects, contents and forms of legal education for women, such as the Law on Dissemination and Education of Law in 2012 and Joint Circular No. 02/2012/TTLT-BCA-BQP-BTP-BGDDT Guiding the organization of cultural education, legal education, civic education, dissemination of current information, policies and implementation of living and entertainment regimes for women .

Up to now, the work of legal education for women in the regions in Vietnam has been focused on implementation, but lacked uniformity and consistency in content, methods and forms of legal education; each region carried out legal education for women in different ways depending on the specific conditions of human resources and facilities of each region. In order to correct these limitations, in 2009, General Department VIII coordinated with the Vietnam Institute of Educational Sciences (Ministry of Education and Training) to compile a set of documents " Civic Education " consisting of 03 volumes for 03 groups of women. All regions under the Ministry of Public Security have organized legal education for women according to the content compiled in this set of documents and have achieved important initial results, creating positive changes in the awareness, attitudes and behaviors of the majority of women.

However, after several years of implementation, up to now, this "Civic Education" Document Set has revealed many limitations and inadequacies due to the following main causes:

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objective and objective. From that reality, as the agency managing the work of legal education for women in the regions, General Department VIII, Ministry of Public Security needs to research , develop and perfect the system of legal documents guiding the organization of the implementation of legal education work for women in the regions in the following direction:

a) Coordinate with relevant agencies and units to re-edit the "Civic Education" Document Set.

The re-compilation of the " Civic Education " document set currently used in the world must be implemented on the basis of content regulations according to the latest legal documents, such as the Law on Dissemination and Education of Law , and must have flexibility in presentation form.

- Regarding the form of the document , the topic of legal education must be separated from the Document Set and compiled into an independent document/book called " Legal education for prisoners ", which still includes three parts: Part I - For prisoners who have just arrived at the prison to serve their prison sentences; Part II - For prisoners who are serving their prison sentences, in which only the content needs to be determined, and the form of legal education is left open for prisoners to apply flexibly); Part III - For prisoners who are about to finish their prison sentences. After the document set is re-compiled and approved, it will be printed into a book and widely distributed in all prisons to teach prisoners. The teaching of the contents will still be in turn, in accordance with the determined process.

The two topics of moral education and life skills education must also be compiled into documents/books with the name " Moral education and life skills for prisoners " and still include three parts for the three groups of prisoners as above; printed into books and distributed as learning materials for prisoners in the world.

- Regarding the content of legal education for prisoners , it is necessary to immediately change the legal content on the Execution of Prison Sentences and Prison Regulations in the current "Civic Education" Document Set because they have expired since July 1, 2011 when the Law on Execution of Criminal Sentences officially took effect. The compilation of the document/book " Legal education for prisoners " must: on the one hand , inherit the appropriate legal content in the current "Civic Education" document because they have been tested through the practice of legal education for prisoners in recent years; on the other hand , immediately supplement the new legal content stipulated in Clause 1, Article 21 of the Law on Dissemination and Education of Law in 2012 and Clause 2, Article 8 of Joint Circular No.

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02/2012/TTLT-BCA-BQP-BTP-BGDĐT to ensure thorough understanding and strict implementation of legal regulations on legal education for women in prisons in Vietnam. Currently, General Department VIII is promoting the promulgation of the Framework Program on reforming education for women to create a legal basis for re-editing the content of legal education and civic education for women.

- Regarding the mobilization of researchers and educators to participate in compiling the content and program of legal education for prisoners , as the agency in charge of compiling legal education documents/books for prisoners, General Department VIII must invite teachers, scientists, and legal experts working at the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Justice, the University of Law, the Police Academy... to participate in compiling the book " Legal education for prisoners " because they are the ones who have been directly involved in teaching law, have pedagogical experience, have compiled monographs, textbooks, have chaired and participated in scientific research topics... Inviting teachers, scientists, and legal experts to participate in compiling legal education documents/books for prisoners will certainly contribute to building a high-quality textbook, ensuring scientific and modern nature, suitable for the psychological characteristics of prisoners in different periods; best meet the needs of PN in receiving legal knowledge.

b) Organize specialized training on legal education topics for staff directly involved in legal education work in prisons.

After compiling, accepting and printing the book " Legal education for prisoners ", General Department VIII, Department C86 must organize in-depth training on legal education topics for prisoners - the contents in the book, fostering methods and forms of teaching those contents for the staff directly doing legal education work for prisoners in the regions before officially implementing it widely in all regions under the Ministry of Public Security. That has the effect of creating consensus and unity of views and awareness around the content, methods and forms of implementing legal education for prisoners among the staff of legal education in the regions, avoiding the situation of "each person doing their own thing".

When organizing training courses on general education topics, fostering methods and pedagogical skills for staff directly working on general education in the regions, General Department VIII must also invite good scientists and pedagogues.

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professional, proficient in pedagogical skills, understanding the characteristics and situation of PN in the regions to directly teach in class. They must be people who are capable of "holding hands and showing" the teachers, and can create truly convincing " model lectures " so that the teachers of the regions can directly apply them to their work. Absolutely avoid doing things carelessly, roughly, without caring about quality and efficiency!

c) Issue legal documents regulating professional standards and skills of legal education staff, mandatory and supplementary forms of legal education for prisoners.

The Ministry of Public Security and General Department VIII need to develop and promulgate normative documents, which stipulate professional and technical standards for the staff directly involved in the work of legal education for women according to the provisions of Article 10 of Joint Circular No. 02/2012/TTLT-BCA-BQP-BTP-BGDDT; accordingly, legal education staff for women must have a professional qualification of bachelor of law or higher; be trained and fostered in specialized topics on pedagogical skills, information technology, teaching methods and other soft skills (persuasion, teamwork, preparing electronic lesson plans, assessment skills, etc.); and specifically define a roadmap for each legal education staff for women to achieve those standards. Staff and lecturers outside the organization who are invited to participate in legal education for women must also meet the prescribed standards.

Regarding the form of legal education for prisoners , the Ministry of Public Security and General Department VIII need to have strict regulations, requiring prisons to organize legal education for prisoners in the form of concentrated study in the hall/classroom, with lecturers directly teaching; the supplementary form is to organize for prisoners to discuss and write reports in groups, teams, and groups under the guidance of legal education officers in conjunction with prison officers. Other forms of legal education allow prisons to apply them flexibly and creatively depending on the specific conditions of each prison.

4.2.1.2. Further strengthen leadership, direction, supervision and inspection of legal education for prisoners in prisons.

Leading, directing, inspecting and supervising the process of legal education is a purposeful and organized activity of superior state management agencies in implementing legal education for subjects of subordinate state management agencies to orient and ensure that this work takes place in accordance with legal regulations; evaluate

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evaluate the results of the work of public health education. Thanks to the leadership, direction, inspection and supervision, the superior state management agencies have the basis to make correct assessments of the successes and limitations of the process of implementing the law on public health education, promptly detect deviations and obstacles that need to be resolved; promptly adjust and supplement loopholes and shortcomings of the law; promptly handle violations of public health education subjects.

As the agency managing the execution of criminal judgments under the Ministry of Public Security, based on the legal provisions on legal education for women, General Department VIII is responsible for specifying, developing and perfecting the system of legal documents guiding the organization and implementation of legal education for women in the regions in Vietnam; and organizing and implementing legal education for women is the task of the regions under the Ministry of Public Security. However, that does not mean that General Department VIII leaves it to the regions to implement legal education for women on their own; but must also lead, direct, inspect and supervise the implementation of this work in each region. In order to further strengthen the leadership, direction, supervision and inspection of legal education for women in the regions, General Department VIII must have specific and practical measures, including:

Firstly , organize a conference to deploy and thoroughly disseminate to the Party Committee, the Supervisory Board of the regions, and the team of civil servants providing legal education for women about the meaning and importance of legal education for women in the regions. Each of the above subjects must consider it an important political task in the current period; require the subjects of legal education to seriously and fully implement the regulations on progress, program, content, form and duration of legal education for women in the regions in accordance with the guidance documents of the General Department VIII. Annually, each region must organize a summary and evaluation of legal education for women, specifically pointing out the advantages, difficulties, achievements as well as shortcomings, limitations, identifying lessons learned, directions for solutions, and remedial measures. The results of the summary and evaluation of legal education for women must be compiled into a Summary Report and sent to the General Department VIII.

Second , regularly or quarterly send documents urging and reminding the Board of Supervisors of the TGs to develop programs, plans, schedules and request the team of CBGDPL for PN in the TG to do a good job of GDPL for all three groups of PN (newly arrived in the TG to serve a prison sentence, currently serving a prison sentence and about to be released).

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