+ Planning forest regeneration measures: Afforestation, natural forest restoration. Planning for agroforestry and supporting production on forestry land.
+ Planning for exploitation of special forest products, processing of forest products associated with
consumer market
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+ Planning for forestry production organization, planning forestry land for the
economic components in the district, social forest development organization.
+ Planning for infrastructure construction and transportation.
+ Determine implementation progress.
District-level planning time is usually 5 years. Forestry plans also need to be consistent with the general economic and social development direction of each sub-region in the district [18].
* Commune level forestry planning
Commune is considered the smallest administrative management unit, the basic unit for managing and organizing forestry production in the collective and private economic sectors. Commune forest protection and development planning often includes the following contents: Investigation of natural conditions, socio-economic conditions, and forest resource conditions. Based on the overall socio-economic development plan of the commune, based on the district-level forestry plan and the basic conditions of the commune, determine the direction and tasks of forest development in the commune. Land planning in the commune by sector and by user unit, clearly defining the relationship between sectors using land in the commune. Based on the development direction, basic conditions, protection needs and other special needs (if any), divide forestry land into three usage functions: Production, protection and special use. Planning the contents of forest production and business, arranging space and time to organize forest business measures: Protecting and nurturing existing forests, planting forests and regenerating forests, combining agroforestry, exploiting and processing forest products and specialties to serve the needs of the people.
Local and market, planning production contents to serve local and market needs, planning supporting production contents. Planning forestry production organization for economic components in the commune associated with social forest development. Planning infrastructure and transportation construction, works serving production and life. Estimating investment in labor, capital, materials and equipment. Investment efficiency needs to be fully evaluated in terms of: Economy, society and environment. Determining implementation progress.
Basically, the content of forest protection and development planning for all levels of territorial management from national to provincial, district and commune is similar. However, the level of resolution varies in depth and breadth depending on the levels.
Chapter 2
OBJECTIVES, CONTENT AND METHODS OF RESEARCH
2.1. Objectives
2.1.1. General objectives
Forest protection and development planning to use forest resources sustainably in the period 2013 - 2020.
2.1.2. Specific objectives
- Contribute to building a scientific basis for forest protection and development planning in Mu Cang Chai district, Yen Bai province;
- Assess the current status of forestry land management and use, natural conditions, and socio-economic development in the district;
- Propose basic contents of the district forest protection and development plan for 8 years.
2.2. Research objects and scope
2.2.1. Research subjects
The research object of the topic is forests and forestry land of Mu Cang Chai district, Yen Bai province.
2.2.2. Scope of research
The research scope of the topic is 14 administrative units of Mu Cang Chai district, Yen Bai province including the communes: Ho Bon, Khao Mang, Lao Chai, Kim Noi, Che Tao, Mu Cang Chai town, Mo De, Che Cu Nha, La Pan Tan, Pung Luong, Nam Khat, Cao Pha, Nam Co, De Su Phinh.
2.3. Research content
2.3.1. Basis for planning forest protection and development in Mu Cang Chai district
2.3.1.1. Legal basis
- State documents
- Local documents.
2.3.1.2. Practical basis
- Characteristics of natural, economic and social conditions;
- Current status of land management and use and pressures on land use
band;
- Current status of forest management, use, forestry land and development activities
forestry production in Mu Cang Chai district;
- Value and level of threat to Mu Cang Chai forest ecosystem.
2.3.1.3. Forecasting basic needs of Mu Cang Chai district to 2020
* Population projections, poverty, dependence on forest resources
* Forecast of forest resource development
- Forecasting the demand for forest resource development;
- Forecasting demand for wood, firewood and forest products;
- Forest products market forecast;
- Forecasting land use demand;
- Forecasting on science and technology in forestry;
- Other forecasts.
2.3.2. Forest protection and development planning for Mu Cang Chai district in the period
(2013 - 2020)
2.3.2.1. Viewpoints, goals, and tasks of forest protection and development in Mu Cang Chai district until 2020
2.3.2.2. Planning of 3 types of forests in Mu Cang Chai district
2.3.2.3. Forest protection and development planning for Mu Cang Chai district, period 2013 - 2020
- Forest protection management;
- Forest restoration and development;
- Forest exploitation;
- Processing and consumption of forest products;
- Other activities.
2.3.2.4. Diversify planning and implementation solutions
2.3.2.5. Estimated investment capital and efficiency
2.3.2.6. Proposing solutions to implement the planning
2.4. Research methods
2.4.1. Methodology
Forest protection and development planning is a system of economic, technical and legal measures of the State on the organization of land use in a complete, reasonable and highly effective manner to exploit the potential of natural conditions, socio-economic conditions, and available labor resources. To achieve that goal, it is necessary to distribute and redistribute the land fund of the whole country, to organize the use of land as a means of production together with other means of production associated with land to improve the efficiency of land, production, create conditions for land protection, and environmental protection. Therefore, the work of planning
Planning must ensure the characteristics of planning work: Priority and economy.
thrifty, proactive and must have a practical guiding nature.
Macro-level planning must ensure the participation of local communities and the direction of superiors at a reasonable level. It must be consistent with policies and planning at superior levels (provincial level) and in line with the needs and aspirations of the community, taking advantage of local advantages and having a certain local character.
In addition, planning must ensure sustainable development in terms of economy, society, and environment, in which development must be within the overall external factors (policies, higher-level planning, project programs, etc.) in relation to internal factors (ecology, humanity).
2.4.2. Data collection method
- Collect documents from central, provincial and district levels related to development.
socio-economic development and forest protection and development planning.
- Selectively inherit document sources from specialized agencies such as: Department of Natural Resources and Environment, Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, Provincial Statistics Office, Statistics Office and other specialized agencies of the province, district, commune including:
+ Information on natural conditions and socio-economic conditions of Mu Cang Chai district; + Report on the master plan for socio-economic development of Yen Bai province;
+ Report on master plan for socio-economic development of Mu Cang Chai district;
+ Report on the results of reviewing 3 types of forests in Yen Bai province;
+ Basic research programs and projects on forest resources and animals
forests like program 661, program 135, etc.
+ Results of using Sport 5 satellite images (with high resolution, interpreting images, building current status maps in the room; organizing field investigation and verification, supplementing and correcting current status maps of construction land use from satellite images.
- Exploiting and using various types of maps (land, forest status).
2.4.3. Additional field survey method
On the basis of selected inherited documents and information, a field survey was conducted to verify and supplement these documents and information, specifically:
- Field survey to grasp the general situation of land use, forest use, land and forest allocation.
- Review maps of current land use, land allocation, forest allocation combined with
Analysis of forest resource changes over time.
- Survey production models, learn about customs and practices, and production levels of people by conducting direct interviews using the participatory rural assessment (PRA) method.
Combining inherited sources of documents and field investigations to supplement and eliminate errors as a basis for comparison and selection of standard data to carry out the topic.
2.4.4. Method of document synthesis and analysis
- Information related to natural and socio-economic conditions such as: Geographical location, terrain, climate, weather, land, flora and fauna resources, economic development status, population, ethnic composition, infrastructure... are selectively inherited from documents of specialized agencies of the province, district and commune.
- The system of information related to organizations and institutions is synthesized and analyzed using the SWOT method to evaluate strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, limitations, risks, and threats to propose appropriate planning solutions.
- Synthesize and analyze specialized information such as: Land use situation,
forestry production situation. Maximize information from current maps
Land use, topographic maps, maps of forest classification and protection classification. The planning map is built based on the explanatory document and complies with the regulations on map making.
- The information investigated for forest protection and development planning is synthesized by the method of objective optimization and multi-criteria analysis applied to planning. During the document processing process, the information is edited and arranged in order of priority according to the importance of the problem, analyzing opinions and viewpoints to select and find solutions.
2.4.5. Data processing method
- Data processing using Microsoft Excel software.
- Using GIS technology to build planning maps with software
MapInfor 9.5