c. Forecasting demand and market for forest products
The increasingly developing economic conditions along with the increase in population will affect the demand for forest products and forestry services. In the future, the demand for forest products such as: construction wood, mine pillars, raw wood, household wooden furniture, office furniture... and environmental services such as: irrigation, hydroelectricity, clean water, carbon emission absorption, tourism, biodiversity... will increase strongly. Especially due to the increasing awareness of people about environmental protection, the trend of using wood with clear origin is increasing and is a mandatory requirement of many countries. This is a good opportunity to promote the development of production forests in the future, limiting the exploitation of wood from natural forests with protective and special-use functions. Along with the continuous development of the country's economy, the demand for forest products for the processing and manufacturing industries is constantly increasing.
With the traditional custom of the rural people in the ethnic minority areas in the district is to use firewood as the main fuel in family life, although new technologies such as gas and electricity have been replaced and improved to some extent, they have not been popularized because the usage is still difficult for ethnic people, requiring large investments, conditions far from the center of fuel supply, limited electricity sources... Therefore, in the future, the forecast of the demand for firewood as fuel in the district will gradually increase according to the population growth rate, increasing mainly in rural areas.
d. Forecasting on science and technology in forestry
In today's era, science and technology are being widely applied in society; like other industries, the forestry industry is gradually applying and transferring scientific and technical advances into production as well as management.
- In production: Increase the introduction of new, high-yield varieties into planting and forest restoration, especially production forests. Implement intensive forest cultivation techniques, strongly develop the planting of non-timber forest products such as Amomum, Polygala, Cardamom... Restore, propagate and introduce indigenous, economically valuable tree species into the forest planting structure.
- In management: Apply modern scientific equipment to monitor changes in forest resources, forest fire prevention and fighting as well as management, operation, and market access such as Mapinfor mapping software, GIS, remote sensing. Establish and effectively use specialized computer networks, develop management software, monitor changes in forest resources and violations of the Law on Forest Protection and Development. Develop and organize the implementation of biodiversity monitoring and investigation processes in special-use forests. Research and apply forest fire prevention and fighting technology; develop and organize the implementation of technical processes and regulations on forest fire prevention and fighting.
e. State mechanisms and policies
With the characteristics of mountainous provinces, natural conditions, socio-economic difficulties, on the other hand, the people living are mainly poor ethnic minorities, living mainly dependent on forestry. To help and support the socio-economic development of these areas, the Party and State always have specific policies and mechanisms.
Implementing Decision No. 57/QD-TTg dated January 9, 2012 of the Prime Minister on Approving the Forest Protection and Development Plan for the period 2011 - 2020. Together with districts in the province, the district has developed and submitted to the Provincial People's Committee for approval the District Forest Protection and Development Project until 2020.
In summary: In the planning period ( up to 2020 and orientation to 2030 ), the above factors have both positive and negative impacts.
to the work of forest protection and development in the district. In order to achieve the goal and strategy of stable socio-economic development until 2020, with a vision to 2030 of a particularly difficult highland district like Quy Chau district, in addition to solving immediate and urgent problems to help ethnic minorities in the district feel secure in doing business and staying attached to their place of residence, the planning of sectors and fields needs to be given due attention and harmony to support each other in the overall socio-economic development of the whole district.
3.3. Forest protection and development plan for the period 2016-2020, with a vision to 2030
3.3.1. Viewpoints and development orientation
- Conserving biodiversity (forest flora and fauna) in planned special-use forests; Protecting existing protective forest areas, improving forest quality to increase protection capacity. Enclosing natural areas of land without forests; Planting protective forests on bare hills and mountains with native tree species to actively increase forest cover. Exploiting some non-timber forest products from forests to increase income.
- Strongly develop production forests through solutions for forest protection and construction management. Concentrated raw material forest planting, forest improvement, agroforestry.
- Attract capital through projects on afforestation, forestry processing, specialties, and pulpwood; apply new scientific and technological achievements to seed production, afforestation, and forest product processing.
- Take households, communities and organizations assigned forestry land and forests as the main subjects participating in forest protection and development.
3.3.2. Contents of the forest protection and development plan for the period 2016 - 2020, with a vision to 2030
3.3.2.1. Objective
- Protect existing forest areas well; use forest resources and land funds planned for the project effectively and sustainably.
- Increase the forest cover of Quy Chau district from 74.6% in 2015 and aim to reach 78% by 2020 according to the Resolution of the 25th Quy Chau District Party Congress, term 2015-2020; increase productivity, quality and value of forests; contribute to soil protection, prevent erosion, drought and floods; basically meet the demand for wood and forest products for consumption in the district and province.
- Create more jobs, increase income for ethnic minorities and laborers in the area whose lives are related to forestry, contribute to hunger eradication, poverty reduction, and ensure security and national defense.
3.3.2.2. Forest protection and development plan for the period 2016-2020, with a vision to 2030
a. Planning 3 types of forests
Table 3.4: Forest protection and development plan for the period 2016-2020 with a vision to 2030
Unit: ha
Land type, forest type
Current status (2015) | Planning (2020) | Planning (2030) | |
Natural area | 97,743.9 | 97,743.9 | 97,743.9 |
A. Forestry Land | 94,866.1 | 93700.1 | 94291.1 |
1. Special use forests | 11,617.8 | 11,617.8 | 11,617.8 |
a) There is forest | 11,603.5 | 11,617.8 | 11,617.8 |
- Natural forest | 11,603.3 | 11,617.8 | 11,617.8 |
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- Planted forests
0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | |
b) No forest yet | 14.3 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
2. Protective forests | 21,476.1 | 21000.1 | 21401.1 |
a) There is forest | 19,994.2 | 20618.2 | 20928.2 |
- Natural forest | 19,804.5 | 20508.5 | 20718.5 |
- Planted forests | 189.7 | 109.7 | 209.7 |
b) No forest yet | 1,481.9 | 381.9 | 481.9 |
3. Production forests | 61,772.2 | 72700 | 61272.2 |
a) There is forest | 44,848.8 | 61495.6 | 49348.80 |
- Natural forest | 35,356.4 | 33280.4 | 36856.4 |
- Planted forests | 9,492.4 | 28215.2 | 12492.4 |
b) No forest yet | 16,923.4 | 11204.4 | 11923.4 |
B. Other soil types | 2,877.8 | 4043.8 | 3027.8 |
Compared to 2015 ( beginning of planning period ), total forestry land area decreased by 150 ha. This area was mainly adjusted, transferred to construction of security and defense works ( border patrol roads ) and hydropower construction.
Basically, the total area of forests ( special-use, protection, production ) at the beginning and end of the planning period (2015 - 2030) does not change much, but mainly the changes in the status of each type of forest land, specifically:
- Special-use forest: Total area of 11,617.8 ha remains the same as the current status, including:
+ Forested land area increased by 14.3 ha ( natural forest increased by 14.3 ha; planted forest increased by 0.2 ha ).
+ Non-forested land decreased by 14.3 ha ( here mainly forests of state Ia, Ib, Ic ).
- Protective forest: Total area 21,401.1 ha, reduced by 75 ha compared to the current status, including:
+ Forested land area increased by 934.0 ha ( natural forest increased by 914.0 ha; planted forest increased by 20.0 ha ). Non-forested land decreased by 1000.0 ha.
- Production forest: Total area 61,272.2 ha, reduced by 500 ha compared to the current status, including:
+ Forested land area increased by 4,500.0 ha ( natural forest increased by 1,500.0 ha; planted forest increased by 3,000.0 ha ).
+ Non-forested land reduced by 5000.0 ha
Thus: The total forestry land area decreased by 150 hectares due to the adjustment of converting forestry land to non-agricultural land, including:
- The area of protective forest decreased by 75 hectares due to the adjustment of converting forestry land to non-agricultural land to build border patrol roads to serve security and national defense.
- The production forest area decreased by 500.0 ha due to the adjustment of converting forestry land to non-agricultural land to build hydroelectric plants ( concentrated in Chau Binh commune ).
Regarding the structure of forest types after planning:
- Special-use forests: 11,617.8 ha, accounting for 12.26% of total forestry land area
- Protective forest: 21,401.1 ha, accounting for 22.59% of total forestry land area
- Production forest: 61,272.2 ha, accounting for 64.69% of total forestry land area
b. Tasks of forest protection, conservation and restoration:
* Forest protection mission.
Forest protection is a very important task to maintain, stabilize and ensure the quality of the existing forest area. The forest area to be protected includes the existing forest area and the area to be protected for forest restoration and new forest planting after the basic construction investment phase ends.
- Protect 36,931.11 hectares of existing forests, including:
+ Natural forest 28,432.02 ha;
+ Planted forest 8,499.09 ha;
* Forest protection task.
- Enclose and regenerate natural forests with additional planting of 2,914.11 ha.
- Subjects: Forest land after clear-cutting, abandoned fields, shrub grasslands, alluvial land with favorable seed sources (naturally dispersed seeds or shoots, shoots and roots), can be successfully regenerated by simple technical measures; Forest land subject to forest nurturing where the number of valuable trees in the upper layers does not reach the prescribed density but has the prospect of successfully regenerating through simple technical measures.
- Effectively use non-timber forest products and firewood and integrate investment capital sources supported by the state budget for forest protection and development.
- Effectively allocate and use investment capital sources supported by the State budget (Economic career capital; capital to support forest protection and development...) and capital mobilized from other sources.
c. Tasks of land allocation, forest allocation, land and forest leasing
a, Scope of task determination: The scope of the plan development is determined to be production forests in 11 communes and towns, under the management of the People's Committees of communes, village communities and households.
b, Indicators to be determined:
+ Area of land and forest allocated: 34,375.61 ha Village communities: 7,804.08 ha
Household: 26,571.53 ha
+ Area managed by the People's Committees of communes: 15,335.06 ha
d. Tasks of forest protection and conservation:
- Scope of task determination: The scope of the plan development is determined to be production forests in 12 communes and towns, under the management of the People's Committees of communes, village communities and households.
- Indicators to be determined:
+ Forest area assigned for protection and conservation in 2015 in Nam Pong hydropower basin: 8,902.93 ha:
Village communities: 1,463.94 ha Households: 3,923.27 ha
Commune People's Committee: 3,515.72 ha
+ The remaining area is managed, protected and protected by the forest owner according to the functions, tasks and powers of his/her local unit according to current law provisions, with support according to Decree 75-CP: 34,942.18 ha.
Village communities: 4,370.41 ha Households: 20,604.14 ha
Commune People's Committee: 9,967.63 hectares
- Limits on forest protection contracted area for the following subjects:
For households, individuals, and village communities: The applicable norms are according to Decree No. 163/1999/ND-CP of the Government on land allocation and lease of forestry land to organizations, households, and individuals for stable, long-term use for forestry purposes; maximum not exceeding 30 hectares/household or individual (in case the contracting entity had a contract before 2013, it shall be implemented according to the signed contract).
3.3.2.3. Priority projects
- Production forest planting projects according to Decision 147/2007/QD-TTg on planting industrial raw material forests, nurturing and enriching production forests, combined agro-forestry production, planting large timber trees and scattered trees; building roads in raw material areas.
- Project to plant forests to replace slash-and-burn farming.
- Project to transform poor forests into forests of high economic value in production forests.