Expert Interview Questionnaire

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152. Yu, YT, & Dean, A. (2001), 'The contribution of emotional satisfaction to consumer loyalty', International Journal of Service Industry Management, 12(3/4), 234-250.

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154. Zhang, J.Q., Craciun, G., & Shin, D. (2010), 'When does electronic word-of- mouth matter? A study of consumer product reviews', Journal of Business Research , 63(12), 1336-1341.

155. Zins, AH (2001), 'Relative attitudes and commitment in customer loyalty models: Some experiences in the commercial airline industry', International Journal of Service Industry Management, 12(3/4), 269-294.

APPENDIX 01: EXPERT INTERVIEW QUESTIONNAIRE

Introduce

I am Than Trong Thuy, currently a PhD student majoring in tourism economics at the National Economics University, Hanoi. I would like to thank you for accepting to discuss with me the topic of spiritual beliefs in tourism activities. Your opinions in this discussion are all helpful to my research and none of them are right or wrong. The opinions will be summarized to draw out the main aspects and continue to be evaluated based on your opinions on the level of importance on a 5-point scale in the next two interviews (after this interview). Therefore, I hope you will discuss the topic thoroughly and do not hesitate about anything.

Preparation questions:

1. What is your opinion about spiritual beliefs and spiritual tourism?

2. Can you give at least two aspects of spiritual beliefs that you consider important for spiritual tourism activities (e.g. pilgrimages to sacred places such as temples, holy lands, etc.)

Discussion time : 20 to 30 minutes

Location : Flexible according to the specific conditions of the appointment convenient for the experts.

Thank you and end the interview

Note: In addition to the two main questions, the questioner can discuss additional issues related to spiritual beliefs, spiritual beliefs in religious tourism activities, etc.

APPENDIX 02: LIST OF EXPERTS

STT

Expert name	Position	Work unit	Education
1	Nguyen Tam Thuong	Priest	Jesuit Father	Doctor of Theology
2	Nguyen Hien Thanh	Priest	Tam Ha Parish, Thu Duc, Ho Chi Minh City	Bachelor of Theology
4	Pham Xuan Hau	Head of Department	Faculty of Tourism, Van Hien University, Ho Chi Minh City	PhD in Geography
5	Nguyen Quyet Thang	Head of Department	Faculty of Tourism, Ho Chi Minh City University of Technology	PhD in Economics
6	Vo Minh Tin	Manager	Dat Nuoc Viet Travel Company, Ninh Thuan Branch	Master of Tourism
7	Thich Thanh Quyet	Abbot	Vietnam Buddhist Sangha, Yen Tu Pagoda, Quang Ninh	PhD in Buddhist Studies
8	Most Venerable Thich Tue Thuong	Abbot	Tam Bao Pagoda, An Giang	Bachelor of Buddhist Studies
9	Thich Thanh Phong	Abbot	Vinh Nghiem Pagoda, Ho Chi Minh City	Bachelor of Buddhist Studies
10	Most Venerable Thich Thong Phuong	Abbot	Truc Lam Zen Monastery, Da Lat	PhD in Buddhist Studies

Maybe you are interested!

APPENDIX 03. SURVEY QUESTIONNAIRE

Hello!

I am Than Trong Thuy, a graduate student at the National Economics University, conducting a study on spiritual tourism destinations in Vietnam. To complete this study, I need your help by answering the questions presented below. All of your opinions are useful to my study and no opinion is wrong or right. I also guarantee that your personal information (if any) is encoded and processed using statistical methods and will not appear in the study. This study is also a purely scientific and non-profit study. If you have any questions about this study, please contact me via email:

1. Question content

Please circle the level of your agreement with the following statements when you decide to choose spiritual tourism destination X (the higher the level of agreement, the higher the score). In which:

1. Totally disagree

2. No

Agree

3. Normal (neutral)

4. Agree

5. Completely

Agree

Code

Question content

Level of agreement

Familiarity

FAR1

Are you familiar with tourist destination X?

more than those around

FAR2

Are you familiar with tourist destination X?

more than other friends

FAR3

You always feel familiar with the tourist destination.

X as a frequent traveler

FAR4

In general, for tourist destination X, how do you feel?

feel familiar with myself

Word of mouth

WOM1

Do you often read other people's comments?

other about the tourist destinations you plan to go to

Code

Question content	Level of agreement
WOM2	You believe that your choice of travel destination is correct if you read many comments. good comments about it from others	1	2	3	4	5
WOM3	Do you believe that other people's advice help you choose better tourist destinations	1	2	3	4	5
WOM4	You often consult other people before deciding on a tourist destination	1	2	3	4	5
WOM5	Consulting other people makes You are more confident in your decision to choose a tourist destination.	1	2	3	4	5
Tourist destination attractiveness (Destination image?)
Environmentally appealing and touristic
ENV1	Do you feel safe when traveling at tourist area X?	1	2	3	4	5
ENV2	I find the residents at tourist area X quite friendly.	1	2	3	4	5
ENV3	I find the environment at tourist area X quite clean.	1	2	3	4	5
ENV4	What do you think about the tourist activities at tourist area X? well managed	1	2	3	4	5
ENV5	Tourist information sources about tourist area X are very easy to find. accessible (through magazines, internet, acquaintances…)	1	2	3	4	5
ENV6	The prices of goods/services at tourist area X are quite reasonable.	1	2	3	4	5
ENV7	Tourist destination X has a variety of tourist activities.	1	2	3	4	5
Natural and cultural conditions
CON1	Tourist area X has fresh air.	1	2	3	4	5
CON2	The living environment in the tourist area is not polluted.	1	2	3	4	5
CON3	Tourist area X has many beautiful landscapes.	1	2	3	4	5
CON4	Tourist area X has many beautiful cultural works.	1	2	3	4	5
CON5	X tourist area has a very unique and attractive culinary background.	1	2	3	4	5
CON6	Tourist area X has many typical souvenir shops.	1	2	3	4	5
CON7	Tourist area X has special culture, history and heritage.	1	2	3	4	5
Infrastructure

Code

Question content

Level of agreement

INF1

Good transportation system to get to tourist destination X

INF2

Tourist area X has many diverse means of transportation to and from.

convenient for tourists

INF3

The road system at tourist area X is good.

INF4

The transportation system in tourist area X is usually not

or clogged

Government support

SUP1

Ensuring safety and security for tourists at the

Good local government tourist and commercial spot

SUP2

Environmental pollution issues are managed by the units.

mind

SUP3

Local authorities have hotlines to support

tourist assistance

SUP4

Do you find that communication programs raise tourism awareness among visitors and residents?

local

Spiritual belief

BEL1

You choose to travel to location X because of your faith.

(belief) in the religion/belief you follow

BEL2

You travel to location X because of family tradition.

BEL3

You travel to location X according to custom

beliefs/religion of the community you live in

BEL4

Do you feel obligated to follow your religious/beliefs?

the threshold that i believe in need to visit place X

Tourist satisfaction

SAT1

According to your experience, tourist destination X answers

meet your travel needs

SAT2

According to you, traveling to tourist destination X is a

great experience with me

SAT3

Do you think tourist destination X is one of the

Code

Question content

Level of agreement

best tourist spots you want to visit

SAT4

Overall, how satisfied were you with your trip?

schedule at location X

Loyalty?

REV1

Do you intend to come back to travel to tourist destination X?

REV2

I will come back to travel to location X

REV3

You can return to travel to location X in

next two years

REV4

You will introduce tourist destination X to people

around

REV5

I encourage others to visit.

visit tourist destination X

2. Personal information

Please select the personal information that applies to you according to the questions below:

1. Gender: 1. Male; 2. Female

2. Age: 1. < 25; 2. 25 – 35; 3. 35 – 45; 4. > 45

3. Occupation: 1. Student; 2. Office worker; 3. Civil servant

4. Self-employed; 5. Housewife - retired; 6. Other……

4. Your average income: 1. < 2.5 million/month; 2. 2.5 – 5 million/month; 3.5 – 7.5 million/month

4. 7.5 – 10 million/month; 5. > 10 million/month.

5. What is your average cost per person when traveling:

………….

APPENDIX 04. DATA PROCESSING RESULTS

SPSS software analysis results

Frequency Table

sex

Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	cumulative	Percent
	1	204	37.0	37.0	37.0
Valid	2	347	63.0	63.0	100.0
	Total	551	100.0	100.0

Age

Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	cumulative	Percent
	1	178	32.3	32.3	32.3
	2	127	23.0	23.0	55.4
Valid	3 4	142 97	25.8 17.6	25.8 17.6	81.1 98.7
	5	7	1.3	1.3	100.0
	Total	551	100.0	100.0

Career

Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent	cumulative	Percent
	1	170	30.9	30.9	30.9
	2	79	14.3	14.3	45.2
	3	140	25.4	25.4	70.6
Valid	4	61	11.1	11.1	81.7
	5	54	9.8	9.8	91.5
	6	47	8.5	8.5	100.0
	Total	551	100.0	100.0

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