Evaluation of Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Active Ingredients Isolated from the Ba Vi Snake Plant

3.2.3.2. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of active ingredients isolated from the species Xà căn ba vi

The purified samples isolated from the species Xà căn ba Vì were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity through the ability to inhibit NO production in RAW cells.

264.7 was stimulated by LPS. L-NMMA was used as a positive control and showed stable activity in the assays. The evaluation results are presented in the table below:

Table 3.14. Results of evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of compounds isolated from the species Xà căn ba vi

Concentration (µg/ml)

The activity results showed that 6/9 compounds isolated from the species of Sophora flavescens inhibited NO production in RAW 264.7 cells at different levels. Of which, two compounds ( OB3 ) and ( OB5 ) showed the best activity with IC 50 values ​​of 58.25 and 58.72 μg/mL, respectively . Four compounds ( OB9 ), ( OB11 ), ( OB12 ) and ( OB14 ) had weaker activity with IC 50 values ​​ranging from 68.91 to 93.73 μg/mL. The remaining compounds did not show activity at the studied concentrations.

3.3. The situation of exploitation, use and research of medicinal plant resources of indigenous people in the Sao La Conservation Area.

3.3.1. Status of medicinal plant exploitation in the study area

3.3.1.1. Exploitation situation

Through the investigation and interviewing of people in the KBTSL and surrounding areas, it was shown that medicinal plant resources play an important role in people's lives, 74% of people surveyed used medicinal plants to treat common diseases. However, the use of medicinal plants is decreasing, 62% of people surveyed use medicinal plants very little, because medicinal plants are increasingly difficult to find, knowledge of their use is unclear and the commune health station is good at treating diseases. The number of medicinal plants has decreased significantly. Most of the valuable plants have been and are being exploited indiscriminately, with an exterminating nature. Many species are exploited heavily such as: Cot Toai Bo, Thien Nien Kien, Buom Bac, Lan Kim Tuyen, .. However, through the investigations, we assessed that the medicinal plant resources are still very large, especially in the strictly protected area which is very difficult to access, so it is almost completely preserved, with little impact.

In 2020 alone, the force contracted to protect forests and protect forests of WWF, together with the unit, organized 79 patrols (428 days) to expel 136 people from the forest; dismantled 70 illegally built camps in the forest, and removed 3,100 animal traps of all kinds. The Management Board and the Sao La Nature Reserve Forest Protection Department patrolled and inspected in the first 12 months of 2020. The unit organized 620 regular patrols and 88 raids. Removed 539 traps of all kinds; propagandized and expelled: 81 forest people; dismantled 2 camps. Handled 01 case (Violation without owner - Violator could not be identified), Confiscated: 0.659 m3 (06 pieces of Peach wood) [159]

With the current situation of illegal exploitation and encroachment of forests becoming more and more complicated. It greatly affects the living environment of medicinal plants. Populations are significantly affected by these activities.

3.3.1.2. Level of medicinal plant use in the region

Local people often use some medicinal herbs such as: Ardisia silvestris; Stephania rotunda; Sambucus javanica, Homalomena occulta, ... for the purpose of curing diseases and improving the health of local people (Table 3.27).

During the field investigation, we evaluated people who went into the forest to collect medicine, non-timber forest products and people living near the research area, with a total of 50 survey questionnaires, giving statistical results in the following table:

Table 3.25. Status of medicinal plant collection in Sao La Nature Reserve

Number of times

Among the surveyed people, 18% of people go to the forest to collect medicine 1-2 times/week; 8% collect 3 times/week; 12% collect more than 3 times/week. Those who collect medicine more than 3 times a week mainly collect medicinal plants to resell to processing facilities and traders. including species: Thien nien kien, Lan kim tuyen, Giao co lam, ... the selling price is researched and listed in the following table 3.26:

Table 3.26 . Purchase price of floating medicinal herbs in the research area (*)

TT

3

(*) Note: Selling and purchasing prices of some medicinal herbs in the research area, evaluation period 2018-2020, prices may change over time, only applicable to evaluation in this study.

36% of people surveyed go into the forest to collect medicinal herbs to sell, the remaining 64% do not sell but only use them at home, for some minor illnesses or first aid for wounds.

Millennium, Lan kim tuyen, Ke huyet dang,… have quite high economic value and are purchased in large quantities. However, according to the assessment from table 3.10, the purchase value of raw medicinal materials from exploiters is very low, only about 30% -50% of the resale price of traders, causing no small pressure on the protection of medicinal plants in nature.

Through the process of interviewing households using traditional medicine and conducting field surveys, we have summarized and listed some medicinal plants that people often exploit in the following table:

Table 3.27. Medicinal plants frequently exploited and used

STT

21