LIST OF DRAWINGS
STT
Image | Content | Page | |
1 | Figure 1.1 | Components of Sustainable Tourism | 12 |
2 | Figure 1.2 | Coastal waste in Do Son | 16 |
3 | Figure 1.3 | Hoi An Ancient Town | 17 |
4 | Figure 2.1 | Primary data collection process using questionnaire | 37 |
5 | Figure 2.2 | Secondary data collection process | 41 |
6 | Figure 2.3 | Quality of secondary data | 42 |
7 | Figure 2.4 | Qualitative data analysis methods | 45 |
8 | Figure 2.5 | Research process | 47 |
9 | Figure 3.1 | Son Doong Cave Map | 53 |
10 | Figure 3.2 | Lake and Waterfall in Son Doong Cave | 54 |
11 | Figure 3.3 | The primeval forest in Son Cave line | 55 |
12 | Figure 3.4 | Pearl cave in Son Doong cave | 56 |
13 | Figure 3.5 | The Great Wall in the cave Son Doong | 56 |
14 | Figure 4.1 | Virtual reality glasses product simulation explore Son Doong Cave | 75 |
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INTRODUCTION
1. Urgency of the topic
Son Doong Cave in Son Trach Commune, Bo Trach District, Quang Binh Province, Vietnam has now been recognized as the largest natural cave in the world. World geologists have determined that Son Doong is the most magnificent cave. Those who love to explore and conquer nature around the world as well as scientists who study caves are amazed by the wild and mysterious beauty of Son Doong Cave.
The number of tourists from all over the world who want to visit Quang Binh to explore Son Doong Cave has increased dramatically while registration is very difficult. This shows that the business potential of adventure tourism in Son Doong is very large. The echoes from Son Doong Cave not only promote tourism in Quang Binh province in particular but also in Vietnam in general.
With the ambition to meet all the needs of tourists around the world, many projects of large companies and corporations in Vietnam such as Sun Group, FLC ... with the purpose of developing and expanding discovery tourism in Son Doong Cave have been proposed to agencies and departments, hoping to be implemented. A typical example is the project to build a cable car into Son Doong Cave. However, the projects are facing fierce opposition from many people and organizations around the world because of the direct threat to the environment and ecosystem in the cave.
When the proposed cable car project will bring 1000 people to Son Doong every hour, instead of 500 people/year, the number is 3800 times higher than the current number, then it is certain that the amount of light, noise, CO2 exhaled by humans will bring about a sudden change that is too great. Besides, human activities such as littering, graffiti, breaking stalactites... All of these will certainly
seriously affecting and destroying the ecosystem, flora and fauna in Son Doong Cave.
There are projects calling for the protection of Son Doong Cave, typically the SaveSonDoong project, which has been collaborating with non-governmental organizations and non-profit organizations, environmental action groups domestically and internationally to create positive effects from the community to strengthen and further promote activities contributing to the success of the project. This is no longer a project of an individual, a group of individuals or an organization, it has become a project of the whole society and requires the participation of many elements in society.
With many lessons learned from the rapid development of tourist destinations and world cultural heritages in our country such as Ha Long Bay, Phong Nha Ke Bang ... if this continues to happen to Son Doong Cave, Vietnam will become a country with a bad reputation for preserving natural heritage as well as commitment to protecting ecological diversity in the international community. UNESCO has also spoken out, they have the right to withdraw the title of Heritage and current funding sources. At that time, the economic problem will completely fail, affecting the economic efficiency of tourism business activities of both Quang Binh province and Vietnam.
Therefore, the exploitation and development of tourism business for Son Doong must be carefully calculated, not for economic purposes, tourism development purposes at all costs. This is a very urgent issue for the Vietnamese tourism industry in general and for Son Doong Cave in particular.
In addition, the protection of natural heritage is being destroyed due to unreasonable tourism planning and improper conservation. From there, Vietnamese people will understand the value of the natural heritage they own, and proactively act to protect national treasures.
Realizing this, I chose the topic: "Tourism business towards sustainable development of Son Doong Cave" for my MBA thesis.
Throughout the thesis, the research question will be answered: How to develop Son Doong Cave tourism business towards sustainable development?
2. Research purpose and tasks
Purpose of the thesis:
Proposing solutions to promote sustainable tourism business in Son Doong Cave
On that basis, the tasks set for the thesis are:
- Focus on researching theories on sustainable tourism business, experiences in sustainable tourism development in some countries around the world, and at the same time draw some lessons for Vietnam.
- Assessing the tourism potential of Son Doong Cave.
- Analyze and evaluate the current situation of tourism business activities in Son Doong Cave.
- Focus on research and propose specific solutions to develop sustainable tourism business in Son Doong Cave.
3. Research object and scope
Research object:
Tourism business towards sustainable development.
Scope of research:
- Space: The study was conducted at Son Doong Cave, located in Phong Nha Ke Bang Natural Heritage Area, Bo Trach District, Quang Binh Province.
- Research period: The topic was researched and implemented during 2016 and 2017. Evaluation of current business performance
tourism in Son Doong cave in the period of 2013 - 2017. From there, propose tourism business solutions towards sustainable development of Son Doong cave.
4. Contribution of the Thesis
The thesis contributes to systematizing theoretical and practical issues on sustainable development in tourism business.
The thesis summarizes lessons learned on sustainable business development in the world, on that basis, proposes solutions and proposals for Son Doong cave based on the potential and current situation.
The thesis contributes new solutions towards sustainable business development of Son Doong Cave, taking advantage of the strong development in the coming time of 4.0 technology.
5. Structure of the thesis
In addition to the introduction, conclusion and list of references, the thesis includes 4 chapters with the following structure:
- Chapter 1 : Overview of research situation and theoretical basis of tourism business towards sustainable development.
- Chapter 2 : Thesis research methods and design.
- Chapter 3 : Current status of tourism business towards sustainable development of Son Doong cave.
- Chapter 4 : Key solutions to promote tourism business towards sustainable development of Son Doong Cave.
CHAPTER 1
OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH SITUATION AND THEORETICAL BASIS ON SUSTAINABLE TOURISM BUSINESS
1.1. Overview of research situation
Tourism is currently considered one of the largest economic sectors in the world with great economic potential. Therefore, tourism activities are of interest to many experts, scientists and economists. However, it was not until the 80s of the last century that the concept of "Sustainable Development" began to be mentioned, when the negative impacts of tourism on the environment became more obvious. Studies on sustainable tourism show that sustainable tourism not only protects the environment, preserves ecology but also cares about the ability to maintain long-term economic benefits and social justice.
1.1.1 Overview of domestic research situation
Sustainable tourism in Vietnam is still a fairly new concept and has not received as much attention as in the world. Particularly for the Son Doong Cave site, currently in Vietnam there has not been any published research on the aspect of sustainable tourism business.
In Vietnam, there are some research projects such as:
Truong Thi Thu (2011), “Developing tourism in Binh Dinh province towards sustainability”. Master's thesis, Danang University, 2011.
The thesis focuses on studying and evaluating the current status of tourism development in Binh Dinh province from 2001 to 2010, thereby drawing lessons for sustainable tourism development in Binh Dinh province. Some solutions proposed to effectively exploit the tourism potential of Binh Dinh province and develop sustainable tourism in the period of 2015-2020 are: developing a master and detailed plan for tourism development; building tourism products and investing in development.
infrastructure development; physical development; resource mobilization and quality improvement to serve tourism and perfect policy mechanisms as well as enhance State management capacity in the tourism sector.
Vuong Minh Hoai (2011), “Sustainable tourism in Quang Ninh”. Master's thesis, University of Economics, 2011.
The thesis focuses on studying the current situation of tourism business in Quang Ninh province, recognizing the negative impacts of mass tourism activities, thereby proposing solutions to solve the problem of sustainable tourism in Quang Ninh in the period of 2020 - 2030 such as: improving State management capacity; increasing investment in infrastructure; diversifying product types, building high-quality products; protecting the environment; preserving the value of Ha Long Bay...
Tran Thi Hong Lan (2010), “Current situation and solutions for sustainable tourism development in Da Nang City”. Da Nang Socio-Economic Development Newspaper – Issue 11+12, pp. 14-21.
The article discusses the current status of tourism development in Da Nang City from the perspective of sustainable tourism development: from the economic perspective, the environmental sustainability perspective and the social sustainability perspective. The solutions proposed are very multidimensional, from tourism planning; training and developing human resources; diversifying products towards high value; perfecting policy mechanisms; focusing on information and propaganda work; developing urban infrastructure; strengthening international cooperation; protecting the environment; to solutions for tourism businesses and tourists.
Nguyen Thi Hong Van (2005), "Some solutions to develop sustainable tourism in Bac Giang province". Graduation thesis.
This study shows the tourism potential of Bac Giang province with the advantage of having many mountainous terrains, creating many beautiful landscapes. However, the development of the tourism industry is not really commensurate with the potential.
inherent. The author also analyzes the goals in many aspects such as economy, culture - society and environment, combined with the tourism potential of the province, thereby proposing solutions to help develop sustainable tourism in Bac Giang province such as: promoting investment, attracting investment and promoting promotion. In addition, some solutions towards sustainability such as: creating products with local identity, protecting the environment, encouraging people's participation in tourism development activities...
1.1.2 Overview of foreign research situation
Rob Gilbert (2010), “Sustainable tourism”. Teaching for a Sustainable World . UNESCO – UNEP International Environmental Education Program, 2011.
The article provides the most comprehensive overview of sustainable tourism, which is a concept recognized by UNESCO. The content of the article includes: the concept of sustainable tourism; the importance of sustainable tourism; the goals of sustainable tourism; the rise of tourism; the benefits and problems of mass tourism; the benefits and problems of ecotourism; the teachings of ecotourism and reflection.
Sundar K Sharma, Prabin Manandhar, Sarba Raj Khadka (2011), “Everest tourism. Forging links to sustainable mountain development. A critical discourse on politics of places and peoples”. Euro Journal of Tourism, Hospitality & Recreation – Vol 2, Issue 2, pp.31-35, 2011.
Mount Everest is one of the Himalayas’ top destinations for adventure mountaineers. Research shows that, with the current trend in nature-based tourism becoming increasingly popular, this leaves the mountain communities of Everest vulnerable, leading to serious environmental consequences and disruption of local culture and traditions. An issue that has received much attention