MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING NATIONAL ACADEMY OF POLITICS
HO CHI MINH ACADEMY OF JOURNALISTRY AND COMMUNICATION
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NGO THI HUONG
PRESERVING AND PROMOTING THE CULTURAL IDENTITY OF ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE NORTHEAST REGION
VIETNAM TODAY
DOCTORAL THESIS IN PHILOSOPHY
HANOI - 2019
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING NATIONAL ACADEMY OF POLITICS
HO CHI MINH ACADEMY OF JOURNALISTRY AND COMMUNICATION
NGO THI HUONG
PRESERVING AND PROMOTING THE CULTURAL IDENTITY OF ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE NORTHEAST REGION
VIETNAM TODAY MAJORITY : PHILOSOPHY CODE: 9229001
DOCTORAL THESIS IN PHILOSOPHY
SCIENTIFIC INSTRUCTOR:
1. Professor, Dr. Nguyen Van Huyen
2. Associate Professor, Dr. Bui Thi Thanh Huong
HANOI - 2019
COMMITMENT
I hereby declare that this is my own research work. The research results in the thesis are honest, have clear origin and have never been published in any scientific work.
Thesis author
Ngo Thi Huong
INDEX
INTRODUCTION 1
1. Urgency of the topic 1
2. Purpose and research tasks of the thesis 2
3. Research object and scope 3
4. Theoretical basis and research methods 3
5. New contributions of the thesis 5
6. Significance of the thesis 6
7. Structure of the thesis 6
Chapter 1: OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH RELATED TO THE TOPIC AND ISSUES RAISED FOR THE THESIS 7
1.1. Research situation related to the thesis topic 7
1.1.1. Research on culture, cultural identity, cultural identity of ethnic minorities 7
1.1.2. Research on preserving and promoting the cultural identity of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region 23
1.2. Evaluation of the research situation and issues raised for the thesis 27
Chapter 1 Summary 31
Chapter 2: THEORY ON PRESERVING AND PROMOTING CULTURAL IDENTITY
ETHNICIZATION OF ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE NORTHEAST REGION OF VIETNAM 32
2.1. Cultural identity of ethnic minorities 32
2.1.1. Culture and cultural identity 32
2.1.2. Basic issues of cultural identity of ethnic minorities 42
2.2. Preserving and promoting the cultural identity of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region 45
2.2.1. Cultural identity of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region 45
2.2.2. The essence of preserving and promoting the cultural identity of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region 67
2.3. Factors affecting the preservation and promotion of cultural identity
ethnic minorities 77
Chapter 2 Summary 81
Chapter 3: CURRENT STATUS OF PRESERVING AND PROMOTING CULTURAL IDENTITY OF ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE NORTHEAST REGION OF VIETNAM 82
3.1. Achievements in preserving and promoting the cultural identity of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region 82
3.1.1. Achievements in preserving and promoting tangible cultural values 83
3.1.2. Achievements in preserving and promoting intangible cultural values
object 88
3.2. Limitations of preserving and promoting the cultural identity of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region 95
3.2.1. Limitations of preserving and promoting tangible cultural values 95
3.2.2. Limitations of preserving and promoting intangible cultural values 99
3.3. Causes and some issues raised in preserving and promoting the cultural identity of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region 105
3.3.1. Causes of the current situation of preserving and promoting cultural identity
ethnic minorities in the Northeast. 105
3.3.2. Some issues raised 120
Chapter 3 Summary 125
Chapter 4: SOME PERSPECTIVES AND SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PRESERVING AND PROMOTING CULTURAL IDENTITY
ETHNIC MINORITIES IN THE NORTHEAST REGION OF VIETNAM 126
4.1. Some viewpoints to improve the effectiveness of preserving and promoting the cultural identity of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region 126
4.1.1. Preserving and promoting the cultural identity of ethnic minorities according to the principle of unity in diversity and modernization of Vietnamese culture 126
4.1.2. Preserving and promoting the cultural identity of ethnic minorities associated with improving the material and spiritual life of the people 129
4.1.3. Preserving and promoting the cultural identity of ethnic minorities by promoting the role of ethnic minorities as subjects 131
4.2. Main solutions to improve the effectiveness of preserving and promoting the cultural identity of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region 134
4.2.1. Improve the quality and diversify the forms and content of education and propaganda on preserving and promoting the cultural identity of ethnic minorities... 134
4.2.2. Building a team of cultural workers to meet the requirements of preserving and promoting the cultural identity of ethnic minorities 140
4.2.3. Investing in a balanced and harmonious manner between economic resources and cultural development resources 142
4.2.4. Improving the qualifications and capacity of ethnic minorities as subjects of preserving and promoting their cultural identity 145
Chapter 4 Summary 149
CONCLUSION 150
LIST OF REFERENCES 153
APPENDIX
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
VH: Culture
VHDT: National culture
BSVH: Cultural identity BSVHDT: National cultural identity DT: Ethnic
BSDT: National Identity
DTTS: Ethnic minorities
INTRODUCTION
1. Urgency of the topic
Culture creates the unique appearance of each ethnic group. When mentioning a group, people often think of the culture of that group, and if they want to understand a group, the best way is to understand their culture, because it is the soul of the group, the basic characteristic to distinguish this group from other groups. The culture of each group is the core, characteristic, and essence of the ethnic culture, it is the essence, soul, character, and character of a group. Therefore, if we can maintain the culture, the group will survive, if we lose the culture, the group may be lost forever.
That is why the Communist Party of Vietnam always advocates building an advanced Vietnamese culture imbued with national identity - in essence, that is building, developing, and preserving the Vietnamese ethnic culture, including the cultural culture of ethnic groups.
Nowadays, modern society with globalization, international integration, scientific and technological development, market economy... is having a great impact on ethnic culture in general and ethnic culture in particular. Ethnic culture is also facing challenges, at risk of fading, distorting, fading... Many unhealthy factors penetrate into the awareness and the inherently pure life of ethnic minorities, creating a hybrid in the way of thinking and lifestyle of the people, tending to fade and lose the traditional culture of ethnic minorities.
The Northeast region of Vietnam is home to more than twenty ethnic groups, mainly ethnic minorities, which is not outside the general trend of the whole country. The cultural heritage of ethnic minorities here is extremely rich and diverse in its expressions through tangible and intangible cultural values, but all contain typical, core cultural values that have existed for a long time in history, such as the spirit of solidarity, attachment, and mutual assistance; a simple, rustic, sincere lifestyle, in harmony with people and with the nature of the Northeast mountains and forests; creativity, diligence, hard work, high adaptability to the harsh nature and always knowing how to ensure psychological balance... These cultural values have created the character and mettle of the entire community of ethnic minorities in the Northeast region, helping them to survive and develop sustainably in history. Context