Information Technology and Information Technology Applications

questionnaires for people to survey some contents related to the application of information technology at the Office of the People's Committee of Dak Lak province. The number of valid ballots collected was 150. Data processing was performed using Microsoft Office Excel.

- In addition, the thesis also uses other methods: Statistical methods; Analysis and synthesis methods... to complete the thesis.

6. Theoretical and practical significance of the thesis

6.1. Theoretical significance

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The thesis systematizes the scientific and legal basis for the application of information technology in the activities of state administrative agencies, especially the application of information technology in the activities of the Office of the People's Committee of Dak Lak province.

6.2. Practical significance

The proposed solutions of the thesis can contribute to improving the effectiveness of information technology application in the activities of the Office of the People's Committee of Dak Lak province.

7. Structure of the thesis

In addition to the Introduction, Conclusion, References and Appendix, the Thesis is structured into 03 chapters, as follows:

Chapter 1. Scientific basis for applying information technology in the activities of state administrative agencies

Chapter 2. Current status of information technology application in the activities of the Office of the People's Committee of Dak Lak province

Chapter 3. Solutions to improve the effectiveness of information technology application in the activities of the Office of the People's Committee of Dak Lak province

Chapter 1

SCIENTIFIC BASIS FOR APPLYING INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN THE ACTIVITIES OF ADMINISTRATIVE AGENCIES

STATE

1.1. Information technology and information technology applications

1.1.1. Information technology

Information Technology (IT) in English is Information Technology is a branch of engineering that uses computers and computer software to convert, store, protect, process, transmit and collect information. IT is a fairly broad, abstract concept that can change with the development of technology, so there are many approaches to the concept of IT as follows:

IT is a term that includes software, internet networks, computer systems used for distributing and processing data, exchanging, storing and using information in different forms. In a more understandable way, IT is the use of modern technology in creating, processing, transmitting information, storing, exploiting information...

Information technology is the study, development and maintenance of information systems. An information system is a system that uses computers to store, process and transmit information.

Information Technology (IT) is a set of technologies related to the collection, storage, processing and use of information on computers. IT includes hardware, software, communications, database management and various data processing technologies used in a computer-based information system.

Thus, IT can be understood as using computers and computer software to convert, store, protect, process, transmit and collect information. Nowadays, when talking about the IT field, it can be divided into the main parts: IT infrastructure, IT applications, IT industry, IT human resources and security.

information.

The concept of IT is stated in Resolution 49/CP, dated August 4, 1993 of the Government on the development of information technology in our country in the 90s as follows: " Information technology is a collection of scientific methods, modern technical means and tools - mainly computer and telecommunications techniques - to organize the exploitation and effective use of very rich and potential information resources in all areas of human and social activities ". [7, p.1]

According to the Law on Information Technology No. 67/2006/QH11 dated June 29, 2006, IT is understood as follows: " Information technology is a set of scientific methods, technology and modern technical tools to produce, transmit, collect, process, store and exchange digital information ". [24, p.1]

1.1.2. Application of information technology

Directive No. 58-CT/TW dated October 17, 2000 of the Politburo stated: “ Application and development of information technology in our country aims to contribute to liberating the material, intellectual and spiritual strength of the entire nation, promoting innovation, rapid development and modernization of economic sectors, enhancing the competitiveness of enterprises, effectively supporting the process of proactive international economic integration, improving the quality of life of the people, ensuring security, national defense and creating the ability to take shortcuts to successfully carry out the cause of industrialization and modernization ”. [3, p.1]

Law on Information Technology No. 67/2006/QH11 dated June 29, 2006 defines information technology application: “ Information technology application is the use of information technology in activities in the fields of socio-economics, foreign affairs, national defense, security and other activities to improve productivity, quality and efficiency of these activities ”. [24, p.1]

According to Decree No. 64/2007-ND/CP dated April 10, 2007 of the Government on

Application of information technology in state agencies: “ Application of information technology in state agency activities is the use of information technology in state agency activities to improve the quality and efficiency of internal operations of state agencies and between state agencies, in transactions between state agencies and organizations and individuals, to support the promotion of administrative reform and ensure publicity and transparency ” [8, p.1]. This is also the author's approach to the concept of application of information technology in this thesis.

1.1.3. The role of information technology applications

Resolution 36-NQ/TW dated July 1, 2014 of the Politburo on "Promoting the application and development of information technology to meet the requirements of sustainable development and international integration" emphasized: " Information technology is an effective tool to create new development methods and protect the Fatherland in the new situation; is one of the important driving forces for the development of the knowledge economy, information society, enhancing national competitiveness in the process of international integration; contributing to promoting industrialization and modernization, ensuring rapid and sustainable development of the country " [4, p.2]. Thus, it can be seen that IT has penetrated and spread widely to all areas of social activities, creating new added value for each industry as well as for the entire economy, accelerating the development of the knowledge economy and information society; IT is the driving force and the leading important tool to promote the process of industrialization and modernization of the country. The role of IT is demonstrated through the following main contents:

1.1.3.1. Role in socio-economic development

Information technology and communication are the most important tools to shorten the process of industrialization and modernization of the country. Wide application of information technology and communication is a factor of strategic significance, contributing to economic growth,

social development and increased productivity and labor efficiency.

- For the economic sector:

+ Information technology and communications are the driving force for economic growth and stimulate innovation capacity for the national economy. The development of information technology has had a huge impact on the development of society; causing the occupational structure in society to change very quickly, some traditional occupations were eliminated, forming a series of new occupations with high added value, creating millions of jobs. According to the Ministry of Information and Communications, in 2020, the information technology - telecommunications industry still maintained a high growth rate with a total revenue of 120 billion USD, contributing 30% to Vietnam's GDP, creating 2 million jobs for workers.

+ IT is an industry that plays an important role in the development of society and has become an important factor, a bridge of exchange between components of global society, of all issues. IT plays a very important role in economic activities, production, business, sales, trade promotion, and corporate governance.

+ In recent years, IT has been prioritized, supported and encouraged by the State to develop. The development of the IT and communications industry has made an important contribution to economic growth, promoting the development of industries and fields, and enhancing national technological capacity in the process of industrialization and modernization of the country. Developing the information content industry and software industry, strongly promoting the formation and development of an information society is an important priority that the State pays special attention to.

- For the healthcare sector: IT helps expand the scope, scale and improve the quality of healthcare for the people; helps automate medical equipment, thereby improving accuracy and reducing operations during diagnosis.

and treatment; help store and analyze data for scientific research; support remote medical care; help doctors make quick and accurate clinical decisions; reduce deaths due to medical errors... With the application of IT, hospital information is organized, arranged scientifically and everything is controlled easily, creating a good foundation for effective hospital management.

- For the field of education and training: IT opens up a rich and diverse knowledge base for learners and teachers, making it much easier to learn knowledge, contributing to improving the quality of teaching and learning. In addition, the application of IT has created many different types of training such as: Online training, distance learning, joint programs with schools and countries...

- In addition, IT also promotes scientific, cultural, physical education and sports activities, improves the quality of radio, television, publishing, journalism, environmental protection...

1.1.3.2. Role in state management

IT helps to enhance the democracy of the political system. In the development trend of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, IT helps to automatically connect agencies, organizations in the political system, party members, civil servants and public employees with the people; collect, synthesize, manage, analyze, exchange and classify people's aspirations accurately, practice democracy, provide information quickly, fully and promptly, help leaders, direct, coordinate, contribute to handling and resolving conflicts, frustrations and conflicts in society, save costs, human resources, and improve work efficiency. At the same time, all people can easily access information.

In the field of state management, IT plays an important role in exchanging information between state agencies as well as providing public services and services to citizens and businesses. IT application helps

State agencies innovate, work more effectively, efficiently and transparently, provide better information and services to people and businesses; at the same time create favorable conditions for people to exercise their democratic rights in participating in state management towards building an e-Government system.

E-Government is the Government that uses IT and telecommunications to automate and implement administrative procedures. E-Government allows citizens to access administrative procedures through electronic means such as the Internet, mobile phones, interactive television. E-Government is the Government that works with citizens 24/24 hours, 7 days a week and 365 days a year, citizens can enjoy public services wherever they are. [19, p.13]

Participation in e-Government includes 3 subjects: citizens, Government and businesses. The interactive relationships between the 3 subjects include:

+ G2C: Government to Citizen Relations.

+ G2B: Government to Business Relations.

+ G2G: Relationship between Government agencies.

The basic goal of e-Government is to improve work processes in Government agencies through electronic administration, improve relations with citizens through e-citizenship and move towards building a knowledge society on the IT platform.

The general goal is to strengthen capacity, improve the effectiveness of government administration, bring convenience to the people, increase transparency, and reduce government spending.

The specific objectives are:

+ Improve the management and administration capacity of the Government and government agencies at all levels (exchange of electronic documents, collect accurate information and make timely decisions, electronic meetings...).

+ Provide people and businesses with public services that are easily accessible everywhere.

+ People can participate in policy making, contribute to the law making process and the Government's administration process in a positive manner.

+ Reduce costs for the government apparatus.

+ Implement a modern, efficient and transparent government.

1.2. Application of information technology in the operations of state administrative agencies

1.2.1. State administrative agencies

State administrative agencies (SAAs) are components of the state apparatus, established to perform the function of state administrative management. When participating in administrative legal relations, depending on each specific case, SAAs are determined to be subjects with state power or not with state power. [28, p.201]

State administrative agencies are agencies with the function of state administrative management. State administrative agencies carry out executive and management activities to perform the function of state administrative management.

The system of State administrative agencies is established from the central to the grassroots level, headed by the Government, forming a unified entity, organized according to a hierarchical system, with close interdependence in organization and operation to exercise state administrative management rights.

The authority of State administrative agencies is prescribed by law on the basis of territory, sector or specialized field of a comprehensive nature. These are administrative legal rights and obligations limited to the scope of executive and management activities.

State administrative agencies are directly or indirectly under the authority of the government.

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