Dialectical Materialism and Historical Materialism

Vietnam in the current period is placed in the relationship and comparative advantages and disadvantages of Vietnam with other countries in the world.

On the other hand, by studying the practical development of the rubber industry in some countries in Asia and Southeast Asia with conditions quite similar to Vietnam such as Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, India, the researcher has drawn 9 lessons, especially the system of macro policies to build solutions to promote the development of the Vietnamese rubber industry in the coming time, this content is part of Chapter 4 of the Thesis.

CHAPTER 2: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Maybe you are interested!

2.1. METHODOLOGY AND GENERAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

2.1.1. Dialectical Materialism and Historical Materialism Methodology

In the thesis, the researcher relies on the principles, laws, and categories of dialectical materialism to analyze and clarify the scientific problems that the thesis needs to solve.

Applying the Principle of Universal Relationship to examine the development of Vietnam's rubber industry in the relationship between the economy, society and environment towards sustainable development and specifically in the relationship between the stages of the development process: Production stage, purchasing stage, processing stage, export stage, domestic consumption stage... between the stages there is a dialectical relationship with each other, with different positions and roles within the unified body, such as the process of expanding the rubber industry's reproduction and the positions and roles of the stages are also different.

Applying the Principle of Development to see the development process of Vietnam's rubber industry in the socio-economic development of the country. The development of macroeconomic indicators such as economic growth rate, financial indicators, currency, employment, average income, import and export, thereby seeing the role of the rubber industry in the process of industrialization and modernization of the country in general and the agricultural and rural areas in particular.

Applying the basic laws of historical materialism such as the law of unity and struggle between opposites, the law of quantitative change leading to qualitative change and vice versa, the law of negation of negation to see the origin, driving force, method and path of development of Vietnam's rubber industry in the process of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas. On that basis, there is an objective, comprehensive assessment, specific history of the rubber industry as a basis for proposing appropriate policies and solutions, promoting the development of the rubber industry until 2030 and the following years.

2.1.2. General research methods

2.1.2.1 Scientific abstraction

Scientific abstraction is a specific research method of Political Economy that requires removing from the research object random events that are not part of its nature, retaining only solid, stable, typical processes and phenomena that represent that research object.

Firstly , the researcher has eliminated random contents that are less related to the research problem, only retaining stable and sustainable contents. When determining the contents of the development of the Vietnamese rubber industry, the author has based on the presented theory, abstracted and built the development content, essentially answering the question of what contents are developed in the rubber industry? The author presents the contents that have data to present and evaluate, while not losing the inevitable nature of the content of the development of the Vietnamese rubber industry.

Second , separate a factor or a process for research, temporarily put aside other factors or processes. Therefore, in studying the development of the rubber industry, the researcher divided the stages of development to facilitate evaluation and analysis with clear data according to time series, scope and unified objects. The purpose is to avoid general assessments, lack of focus, and avoid "interference" factors. The researcher tried to separate each factor of production, purchasing, processing, and consumption market to have specific, accurate, and scientific assessments, meeting the general and specific goals set by the thesis.

2.1.2.2. Historical analysis method unified with logic

Basically this method is expressed on the following two issues:

Firstly, the logical research method is essentially just a historical method that has escaped historical forms and random phenomena. When evaluating the development of the natural rubber industry and the process of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas, the data collected by the researcher ensures historical factors, accurately reflecting the historical process. History is not only data about time, history is also associated with policies, guidelines, and directions for socio-economic development... These

Lessons learned from both successes and failures are also closely linked to historical events. We must rely on history and thoroughly understand historical principles to have scientific and accurate assessments and judgments according to the tasks and objects of research.

Second, we must understand the thesis: where the history of the research object begins, the thinking process about the object must also begin from there. The research object of the thesis is the development of the Vietnamese rubber industry in the process of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas, so the research history must be closely linked to the history of the development of the rubber industry. The focus is on the implementation of the renovation policy, especially with complete statistics, ensuring true and accurate reflection while still adhering to the historical, systematic perspective, focusing on the period 2010 - 2018.

2.1.2.3. System approach

Studying the development of Vietnam's rubber industry in the process of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas, the author approaches from a systemic perspective, that is, seeing the role of the rubber industry, the objective and subjective factors that impact and influence the development of the rubber industry. The development of the rubber industry must be placed in the overall, unified content of the industrialization and modernization of the country in general and agriculture and rural areas in particular.

2.1.2.4. Interdisciplinary approach

Science, in the end, is to find new knowledge to serve people and human development. Therefore, in research, especially in socio-economic research, it is necessary to use a synthesis of methods. For graduate students, the use of interdisciplinary methods is no exception and is necessary. This method is used to study the impact of rubber production development on local socio-economic development in the process of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas with the combination of majors: Political Economy, Economics, Sociology, Agricultural Science.

Combining with sociology helps the thesis to study more deeply the impact of rubber production development on social issues and propose solutions to overcome negative impacts in a clearer and more feasible way.

2.1.2.5. Structural system method

The structural system method requires considering objects in a comprehensive way, with many aspects, many relationships, in a state of movement and development, in specific conditions and circumstances to find out the nature and laws of movement of the object. On that basis, in this study, the researcher tries to clarify the development of the rubber industry in many aspects with economic, social and environmental perspectives in the rubber product chain, how it has contributed to promoting the process of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas in Vietnam and what solutions are needed to develop the rubber industry in the coming time, in accordance with the orientation and strategy for agricultural and rural development in our country according to the viewpoint of the Party and State.

2.1.2.6. Inductive and deductive methods

The inductive method is a method that starts from separate, independent, random phenomena and then links those phenomena together to find the nature of a certain object.

For example, rubber development creates jobs, helps stabilize and increase people's income, eliminates hunger and reduces poverty on the basis of increasing the value of land exploitation, forming large specialized commodity production areas, thereby meeting the requirements of sustainable economic, social and environmental development and changing the face of the countryside, contributing to promoting industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas.

The deductive method is the opposite of the inductive method. It is a method that starts from the nature, principles, and accepted principles to find out the phenomena, manifestations, and specific coincidences in the movement of the object. Through practical surveys, observing changes in the rubber industry over many years, evaluating improvements in each region and area before and after the natural rubber industry was developed there. In addition to the general external assessment, the researcher also collects information and statistics on economics, society, etc. to serve as a basis to support the research topic to be clearer, more accurate, and more convincing.

2.2. SPECIFIC RESEARCH METHODS OF THE THESIS

2.2.1. Thesis research process

Building an analytical framework

Orientation and solutions for developing Vietnam's rubber industry to 2030

Overview of theory and documents on rubber industry development in the process of industrialization and modernization of rural agriculture

Assessing the current development status of Vietnam's rubber industry in the process of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas.

Source: Author's research.

Figure 2.1. Research process

2.2.1.1. Step 1: Overview of theory and documents on rubber industry development in the process of industrialization and modernization of rural agriculture.

Presents an overview of research results of domestic and foreign authors on the topics of the industry, technical economic development and rubber industry development as well as the topics of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas.

2.2.1.2. Step 2: Build an analytical framework

Based on the overview, the study builds an analytical framework for the topic including: the development content of the rubber industry (rubber production, purchasing, processing and consumption of rubber products and rubber wood); criteria for evaluating economic efficiency and socio-economic efficiency of rubber industry development; factors affecting the development of the rubber industry.

2.2.1.3. Step 3: Assess the current development status of Vietnam's rubber industry in the process of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas.

Based on the theory of rubber industry development and criteria for assessing economic efficiency and socio-economic efficiency of the rubber industry, analyze and evaluate the current development status of the rubber industry in the period 2005-2019, mainly in the period 2010-2018 on the contents of rubber production, purchasing, processing and consumption of rubber products and rubber wood. At the same time, conduct a general assessment of the development of the rubber industry including achievements, shortcomings and problems. Based on the theory of factors affecting the development of the rubber industry to

Analyze the causes of shortcomings and problems in the development of the rubber industry in recent times.

2.2.1.4. Step 4: Orientation and solutions for developing Vietnam's rubber industry to 2030

Based on the theory of rubber industry development and analysis and assessment of the current status of rubber industry development in the past time to carry out: (i) Forecast the world and domestic situation to develop Vietnam's rubber industry in the process of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas until 2030; (ii) Determine viewpoints on rubber industry development; (iii) Determine the direction of rubber industry development; (iiii) Build a system of solutions for rubber industry development until 2030.

2.2.2. Methods of analyzing and synthesizing secondary data

Secondary data is collected from scientific research works of domestic and foreign authors that have been accepted and published, reports of organizations, state management agencies, and relevant units on rubber production development including the Annual Production and Business Results Summary Report of the Rubber Industry Group and 15 member companies. In addition, information is also collected from popular newspapers and the internet.

Carry out the analysis and synthesis of collected secondary information (i) analyze, systematize, and synthesize qualitative data to reveal research contents (ii) perform descriptive statistics: calculate average values, frequencies, frequency, form tables, statistical tables, charts, graphs, etc.

From statistics, the researcher describes the variation of quantities, meanings, relationships, and impacts between criteria, thereby seeing the achievements, limitations, and causes of the rubber industry development problem in the process of industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas in Vietnam.

2.2.3. Expert method

The expert method aims to collect and process assessments and forecasts by gathering and interviewing to collect opinions of leading experts with many years of experience and extensive expertise in the field of the thesis being researched. This method is based on the assessment of experience and ability to respond.

The method is to collect objective and in-depth assessments of the process of change, development, and improvement of living standards, and socio-economic impacts on industrialization and modernization of agriculture and rural areas over the past decades through the history of the rubber industry's development.

In the thesis, the researcher also consulted experts and production and business managers on the research contents and results through interviews or direct discussions in rubber industry seminars and conferences. From there, the assessments and forecasts of experts were systematized.

2.2.4. Field survey method with in-depth interview type

calculate

Qualitative interview method is carried out on the basis of revealing the reality.

development of the rubber industry, evaluate the achievements, find out the existing shortcomings and discover the causes of the existing shortcomings of the rubber industry in the past with the aim of finding the direction and solutions for the development of the rubber industry in the coming period.

The qualitative sampling method was carried out with a sample size of 16 rubber enterprises using the purposive selection method, which is the Vietnam Rubber Industry Group (VRG) and 15 affiliated member companies.

- Vietnam Rubber Industry Group (VRG) is the state-owned enterprise with the largest scale of rubber production, with a total rubber area in Vietnam of about 293,300 hectares and an output of 277,300 tons per year.

- 15 member companies under VRG include:

+ 8 Rubber Companies in the Southeast region have an area of 124,815 hectares with an output of 149,659 tons in the provinces of Dong Nai, Binh Duong, Binh Phuoc, Tay Ninh, including 5 One Member Limited Liability Companies : Dong Nai Rubber Corporation Limited Liability Company, Dau Tieng Rubber Company, Phu Rieng Rubber Company, Loc Ninh Rubber Company, Binh Long Rubber Company and 3 Joint Stock Companies: Phuoc Hoa Rubber Joint Stock Company, Dong Phu Rubber Joint Stock Company, Tan Bien Rubber Joint Stock Company.

Comment