Detailed Information About Label Production Household

"Developing longan trees in Song Ma district, Son La province", from the data collected from farmers and district departments, I draw some conclusions:

Longan is quite easy to grow, does not require too high techniques, is a clean fruit so it has great potential for development in Song Ma district in particular and Son La province in general. Longan productivity and output have increased rapidly over the years, bringing increasing income to longan growers.

Longan trees grow and develop well, giving stable productivity and quality. It can be seen that longan trees are very suitable for the natural conditions of Song Ma district. Fruit tree production brings very high economic efficiency, on average, each hectare earns over 160 million VND/year. Growing longan with a total cost of about 40 million VND/crop, each household earns a profit of over 120 million VND/ha/year. And it will continue to increase in the following years because longan output increases in the following years. People are able to pay for the initial construction costs and gradually bring high income in the following years.

Thanks to longan trees, the material and spiritual life of local people has increased significantly. In addition, the value of longan trees is also shown in the greening of barren land, bare hills, and improvement of the ecological environment. Moreover, Song Ma district has sufficient conditions such as climate and soil that are relatively suitable for longan trees to grow and develop. Besides the achievements, longan production also faces some limitations.

The technical level of longan production is uneven, still heavily influenced by old production practices, the number of technical staff is not large, and cannot meet the requirements. Due to the high cost of longan production and many difficulties in life, some households have not dared to invest to develop the potential of longan trees, especially in fertilizing properly to stabilize productivity and product quality. The longan consumption market is still uncertain and unstable, making people not really assured and confident in the production of longan products.

Therefore, to have high productivity and quality, it is necessary to increase technical training.

techniques for farmers so that they can actively and regularly apply intensive farming techniques to increase productivity for longan trees during the pre-flowering, flowering, fruiting and post-harvest periods, combined well with market solutions so that the "Song Ma Longan" product has quality, is widely promoted, and is trusted and chosen by everyone.

2. Recommendations

* At the basic level

In the coming years, the commune needs to develop specific plans for developing longan trees. Regularly organize training courses on agricultural extension, discuss production experiences for households, and increase the transfer of science and technology to farmers for application in production. Propaganda and explanation so that people can clearly see that cultivating longan trees according to the right techniques will bring long-term effectiveness, contributing to meeting the set goals. In addition, the commune also pays more attention to the output market for new longan products to help farmers feel secure in production.

Local government leaders need to coordinate with district departments to manage longan production well. There are policies to support farmers in production such as: credit support, agricultural extension, product consumption.

* For farmers

Farmers actively participate in training courses and clubs such as farmers' associations and IPM to improve their production experience and ways to prevent common diseases. Farmers must learn from each other and share production experiences. Weak farmers learn from the experiences of advanced farmers to apply science and technology to production, especially intensive farming techniques to increase productivity and quality of longan.

Follow the correct technical process in production to fully exploit the potential strengths of crops.

Provide timely advice on production issues such as loans, techniques,

plant diseases… with local authorities and agricultural extension officers for appropriate solutions.

REFERENCES

1. Le Ben, Awakening Son La longan orchard , Vietnam Agriculture Newspaper.

2. Vu Thi Binh (1995), Land evaluation to serve planning orientation to improve the efficiency of agricultural land use in Gia Lam district, Red River Delta, PhD thesis in agricultural science, Agricultural University I, Hanoi.

3. Nguyen Cau, Developing agricultural products along the chain associated with product brands , Vietnam Agriculture Newspaper.

4. Song Ma District Statistical Office, Report on survey results of perennial crop area in 2016; Report on area, yield and output of perennial crops in 2016.

5. Song Ma District Statistical Office, Report on survey results of perennial crop area in 2017; Report on area, yield and output of perennial crops in 2017.

6. Song Ma District Statistical Office, Report on survey results of perennial crop area in 2018; Report on area, yield and output of perennial crops in 2018.

7. Nguyen Manh Dung (2001), Preservation, processing and solutions for developing longan and lychee trees, Agricultural Publishing House, Hanoi.

8. Nguyen Huu Hoang, Luong Xuan Lam (2010), Techniques for planting and caring for longan trees , Thoi Dai Publishing House, Hanoi.

9. Nguyen Thi Bich Hong, Vu Viet Hung, Do Dinh Ca, Nguyen Van Nghiem (2006), Results of research on selection of late-ripening longan varieties , Results of scientific and technological research on Vegetables, Flowers, Fruits and Mulberries, Fruit and Vegetable Research Institute 2001 - 2005 , Agricultural Publishing House, Hanoi.

10. Phan Sy Man, Nguyen Viet Anh (2001), "Solutions for commercial agriculture", Tia Sang Magazine, No. 3.

11. Nguyen Van Nghiem, Vu Manh Hai, Dao Quang Nghi, Hoang Chung Lam Pham Ngoc Ly (2010), "Results of research on grafting techniques for propagation and grafting to improve lychee and longan varieties", Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, Hanoi.

12. Tran The Tuc (2009), Longan tree planting and care techniques , Lao Publishing House

Social, Hanoi.

13. Song Ma District People's Committee, Report on socio-economic development in 2016, orientation for 2017 .

14. Song Ma District People's Committee, Report on socio-economic development in 2017, orientation for 2018 .

15. Song Ma District People's Committee, Report on socio-economic development in 2018, orientation for 2019 .

Internet:

16. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Labels

17. http://songma.sonla.gov.vn/chuyen-muc/nhan-song-ma-nam-2018/17- 137711.

18. http://www.baosonla.org.vn/vi/bai-viet/song-ma-san-xuat-tieu-thu-nhan-theo-huong-ben-vung-17423/

19. http://sonlatv.vn/tin-tuc-n12424/nhan-song-ma-bat-dau-vao-vu-thu- hoach.html

20. http://dangcongsan.vn/lanh-te/son-la-va-bai-toan-phat-trien-cay-nhan- 493917.html

APPENDIX

FARM HOUSEHOLD SURVEY FORM

(For label producers)

Investigation time: Date........month........year…….

Voucher number: …………

Investigation area:......................................................................

I. Basic information

Name of household head:................................................................................Gender

Gender:................................................................................................Age: .............................................. Citizen

Race: ................................................

Educational level: ...................................................................................

Number of people: ................................ Number of employees

main: .............................................

Address: Village.................................Commune.................................Song Ma District, Son La Province.

II. Detailed information about longan production households

1. Total area of fruit trees planted by Mr./Ms. as of 2018:..............(ha) Of which the area planted with longan is: ...............(ha)

2. When did you start growing longan trees:..........................................

3. How long after planting will longan be ready for harvest:.................................................

4. Family's longan yield in 2018:................................................(tons/ha) Increase or decrease compared to last year: Increase Decrease 

5. Please tell us about the area, output, and selling price of longan of your family from 2016 to 2018? (Unit: ha)

Year

Total area area (ha)	DT for harvest	DT not yet for TH	Output (ton)	Selling price Average (VND/kg)
2016
2017
2018

Maybe you are interested!

6. Common pests and diseases in longan trees:................................................................

Usually occurs at what stage ......................................................................................

Measures to prevent pests and diseases:................................................................................

7. Planting density:................................................................................................................

8. Where do you get your seedlings?

Self-produced: Buy: 

Supported: 

9. The variety of longan that the family uses: ..............................................................................

10. Main form of consumption:

Traders come to buy at the garden: Bring to market to sell: 

Both: 

11. What kind of fertilizer do you usually use for longan: .................................

12. Expenses for longan production during the business period of 1 hectare of longan

Target

Unit	Quantity	Number of fertilizations	Fertilization time	Unit price (thousand) copper)	Total amount (thousand dong)
Alike
Manure
Nitrogen fertilizer
Phosphate fertilizer
Potassium fertilizer
Pesticides
Other expenses
Total cost/1ha

13. Labor utilization situation in longan production during the business period of 1 hectare of longan.

Target	Quantity labour	Unit price (thousand) dong/work)	Total amount (thousand dong)
1	Weeding
2	Spraying
3	Fertilizer
4	Harvest
5	Pruning
6	Other costs
Total cost/1ha