reason
Mental hospital god | 17 | 17.0 | 40 | 40.0 | 32 | 32.0 | 24 | 24.0 | 83 | 83.0 | 16 | 16.0 |
Center of mind mental health and hospital | 3 | 3.0 | 17 | 17.0 | 3 | 3.0 | 4 | 4.0 | 1 | 1.0 | 16 | 16.0 |
Other facilities | 1 | 1.0 | 5 | 5.0 | 2 | 2.0 | 8 | 8.0 | 1 | 1.0 | 6 | 6.0 |
Don't know | 77 | 77.0 | 17 | 17.0 | 49 | 49.0 | 62 | 62.0 | 12 | 12.0 | 42 | 42.0 |
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We found that many students answered that they did not know when we asked the question " Please list 3 facilities that can help people with depression" . Of which, the percentage of students who answered that they did not know in the Faculty of Accounting, Mechanics and History was high (77%; 62%; 49%). In the Faculty of General Medicine, the number of students who answered that they did not know accounted for the smallest percentage (12%). Thus, in the total number of research students at 6 faculties of 5 different universities, students at the Faculty of General Medicine - Hanoi Medical University know more about facilities that help people with depression than those at other universities. Although they are students at the same university, the two faculties of Psychology and History - University of Social Sciences and Humanities also have differences in understanding related to facilities that help people with depression. Specifically, in the Psychology department, only 17% of students and in the History department, 49% (nearly half) of students answered that they did not know this question. Thus, it can be assumed that due to the characteristics of the subjects in different departments, students in each department of each school have different understandings of depression.
Besides a group of students who do not know about facilities that can help people with depression, there are also many students who know about facilities that people with depression can go to. Specifically, the majority of students gave two opinions: psychological centers and mental hospitals , and some students gave both opinions. Specifically, students from the two faculties of Psychology and Educational Psychology gave the highest opinion that the support facility is "psychological centers", in which the main opinions given were " school counseling centers at schools; N - T psychological centers; Linh Tam psychological counseling center" . It is also the students of these two faculties who gave the highest opinion that both psychological centers and mental hospitals are the most common in the 6 faculties, but even so, this number is not much (17/100; 16/100). In addition, the opinions that the facility to help people with depression is a psychiatric hospital are mostly from students of the Faculty of General Medicine - Hanoi Medical University (83/100 students). In which, the specific facilities that students in this faculty give are mainly " Bach Mai Mental Health Institute; Central Psychiatric Hospital; Hospital 103 ". From here we can see, with the above research results, the majority of General Medicine students think that the appropriate object to help people with depression is a psychiatrist , and in this research result, the majority of General Medicine students also mention the facility to help people with depression is a psychiatric hospital . Meanwhile, the majority of students of the Faculty of Psychology and Educational Psychology think that the object to help people with depression is a psychologist , and here the number of students giving their opinions that the facility to help people with depression is a psychological center is mainly concentrated in the two faculties.
Thus, the difference in students' perception of depression support facilities is due to the difference in students' perception of depression support facilities among different faculties.
In short, with common points in student psychology and specific characteristics of specialized knowledge of each faculty, the corresponding awareness of students of each faculty about depression treatment measures, support people, and support facilities for people with depression are also different.
3.7. Current status of students' awareness of measures to prevent depressive disorders.
We studied students' awareness of measures to prevent the risk of depression, the results showed that students have a very good awareness of this issue. Specifically, in the "psychological - cognitive measures group" with the average score = 4.64 and the "lifestyle - behavioral measures group" with the average score = 4.32, both are at a high and relatively high level (question 12 - Appendix 5) . In which, the measure of thinking about things in a positive direction (average score = 4.69) is at a high level , in addition, the remaining measures such as: Always determine your own values; Always balance between work/study time and leisure time; Build healthy relationships; Exercise physical health and Regularly participate in social activities; Actively participate in social activities; Set goals suitable for yourself; Find out information about depression are all well perceived by students.
More specifically, when studying the perception of students of each faculty on this issue, we obtained the results shown in the following data table:
Table 3.10: Students' awareness of preventive measures against the risk of depressive disorders
Group of measures
Measure | Field of study | Significance level | ||||||
Accountant | Mentality | History | Mechanical | General | TLGD | |||
Psychological measures group - awareness | Think things through positive direction | 4.59 | 4.75 | 4.58 | 4.50 | 4.53 | 4.16 | .625 |
Always determine the price self-worth | 4.36 | 4.45 | 4.34 | 4.17 | 4.29 | 4.48 | .776 | |
Average | 4.59 | 4.73 | 4.61 | 4.49 | 4.59 | 4.82 | ||
Find out the information about depression | 3.93 | 4.25 | 3.91 | 3.85 | 4.09 | 4.08 | .596 | |
Lifestyle measures group - behavior | Always balance between time work/study time and leisure time. | 4.40 | 4.43 | 4.21 | 4.37 | 4.38 | 4.32 | .668 |
Exercise your body matter | 4.38 | 4.39 | 4.20 | 4.21 | 4.28 | 4.19 | .135 | |
Building relationships healthy system | 4.30 | 4.41 | 4.30 | 4.33 | 4.29 | 4.37 | .322 | |
Regularly participate in exchange activities friend. | 4.34 | 4.30 | 4.25 | 4.21 | 4.19 | 4.31 | .698 | |
Group of measures
Measure | Field of study | Significance level | |||||
Accountant | Mentality | History | Mechanical | General | TLGD | ||
Enthusiastically participate in the social activities | 4.18 | 4.24 | 4.22 | 3.99 | 4.13 | 4.17 | .724 |
Set goals that are within your ability and suitable for yourself. | 4.07 | 4.34 | 4.01 | 3.95 | 4.09 | 4.20 | .936 |
Average | 4.32 | 4.38 | 4.28 | 4.29 | 4.31 | 4.33 | |
The above table shows that in the "psychological - cognitive measures group", students of the Faculty of Educational Psychology - Academy of Educational Management have the highest GPA (GPA = 4.82), followed by students of the Faculty of Psychology - University of Social Sciences and Humanities - Vietnam National University, Hanoi (GPA = 4.73), the lowest is students of the Faculty of Mechanics (GPA = 4.49) but all are at a high level, meaning that students have very good awareness of this issue. In addition, in the "lifestyle - behavioral measures group", students of the Faculty of Psychology have the highest GPA (GPA = 4.38), followed by students of the Faculty of Educational Psychology (GPA = 4.33) and the lowest is students of the Faculty of History (GPA = 4.28), all at a relatively high level.
Thus, in general, students have good and very good awareness of measures to prevent depressive disorders, especially the group of psychological-cognitive measures.
When examining the correlation between students' awareness of influencing factors and students' awareness of measures to prevent depressive disorders, it shows that these two factors have a positive correlation (r = 0.341). That is, students with good awareness of influencing factors will also have good awareness of measures to prevent depressive disorders and vice versa, if students have poor awareness of influencing factors will also have poor awareness of measures to prevent depressive disorders. With sig = 0.000 (p < 0.05), the above correlation is statistically significant. Similarly, when examining the correlation between students' awareness of the consequences of depressive disorders and students' awareness of measures to prevent depressive disorders, it also shows that this relationship has a positive correlation (r = 0.377) and with a significance level of p < 0.05. Thus, students who have good awareness of the factors influencing and consequences of depressive disorders will have good awareness of measures to prevent depressive disorders and vice versa.
Along with measures to prevent the risk of depression, dealing with negative emotions of individuals is also extremely important. In life, it is difficult to avoid situations that give rise to negative emotions, and those negative emotions are psychological factors that greatly affect people at risk of depression. So when those negative emotions appear, what should students do? We surveyed how students handle this issue, the results are shown in the following data table:
Table 3.11: How students deal with negative emotions
Work
Department | ||||||
Accountant (%) | Mentality (%) | History (%) | Mechanical (%) | General Medicine (%) | TLGD (%) | |
Share with loved ones | 89 | 89 | 92 | 95 | 90 | 90 |
Share with friends | 86 | 93 | 82 | 84 | 83 | 88 |
Share with teachers | 35 | 61 | 49 | 35 | 36 | 49 |
See a psychologist | 71 | 84 | 70 | 70 | 58 | 77 |
Tell no one | 1 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
Find relaxing and entertaining activities | 85 | 66 | 79 | 91 | 77 | 81 |
Go buy some sedatives to take. | 5 | 11 | 9 | 6 | 17 | 7 |
Study hard to forget. | 6 | 6 | 5 | 7 | 6 | 6 |
Learn about that emotional state of yours. close | 58 | 61 | 41 | 62 | 41 | 5 |
Go see a fortune teller to find out about your condition. close | 1 | 4 | 6 | 2 | 4 | 9 |
Worship to cure one's condition | 1 | 2 | 0 | 3 | 6 | 4 |
Through the table above, we can see that most students choose to share with their relatives when they have negative emotions, in which students from the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering have the highest percentage (95%). Thus, we can see more clearly that the role of family is extremely important for each person, especially for individuals when they fall into negative emotional states. At the same time, friendships among students are very rich and diverse. Friends can give very useful advice if students fall into difficult situations. Therefore, the idea of sharing with friends is also approved by many students, in which the Faculty of Psychology is 93% and the Faculty of Educational Psychology is 88%, accounting for the highest percentage. When individuals have negative emotions, seeking a psychologist is the right solution, most students have realized this. Specifically, students of the Faculty of Psychology (84%) and the Faculty of Educational Psychology (77%) have the highest percentage of this choice, while students of the Faculty of General Medicine have the lowest percentage of choosing to see a psychologist (58%). In addition, many students also choose to seek out recreational activities when they have negative emotions. In addition, there are still a small number of students who choose not to tell anyone or to study hard to forget, or to go to fortune-tellers to learn about their condition and to worship to treat their condition . These are completely wrong solutions. These methods not only cannot help individuals relieve negative emotions but also have the potential to aggravate them.
Anxiety and depression are both costly and harmful to your health.
Thus, in general, students have a fairly good awareness of measures to prevent the risk of depression. At the same time, the majority of students also choose appropriate ways to deal with negative emotions. This is a positive sign that helps reduce the impact of negative psychological factors on students.
Chapter 3 Summary
Students have a fairly good awareness of some issues related to depression such as: symptoms of depression, factors affecting depression, consequences of depression, treatments and measures to limit the risk of depression. However, there are also some issues that students do not have good awareness of, such as: the nature of depression, causes of depression. When examining the correlation of students' awareness of issues related to depression, it shows that students' awareness of symptoms of depression and students' awareness of treatments for depression have a positive correlation, that is, students who have good awareness of symptoms of depression will also have good awareness of treatments for depression and vice versa, if students have poor awareness of symptoms of depression, they will not have good awareness of treatments for depression. Similarly, between students' awareness of factors affecting depression; The consequences of depressive disorders and measures to prevent depressive disorders are also positively correlated, that is, students who have good awareness of the factors affecting depressive disorders and the consequences of depressive disorders will have good awareness of measures to prevent depressive disorders and vice versa.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Conclusion
Students' awareness of depressive disorders is their understanding of knowledge related to depressive disorders and their ability to apply that knowledge to prevent depressive disorders.
Practical research results show:
- Nearly half of the students studied had a correct understanding of the nature of depressive disorders, in which students from the Faculty of Psychology - University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of General Medicine - Hanoi Medical University and Faculty of Educational Psychology - Academy of Educational Management had a higher percentage of students with correct understanding of the nature of depressive disorders than the remaining majors, however, this number is not much.
- Students of all faculties have good and quite good awareness of the manifestations of depressive disorders, in which students of the Faculty of Psychology - University of Social Sciences and Humanities have very good awareness of the emotional manifestations of depressive disorders. However, the survey results also show that some manifestations of physical illness of depressive disorders are not well recognized by students.
- Most students have inadequate awareness of the causes of depression. Most students believe that depression is caused by psychological factors, very few know the biological causes of this disease. Only a very small number of students are fully aware of the causes of depression, but the opinions given are only general based on personal speculation.
- Students of the studied faculties have a fairly good level of awareness of factors affecting depressive disorders.
- Students of the studied faculties have good awareness of the consequences of depressive disorders. However, students still confuse some of the consequences of depressive disorders with the consequences of other mental illnesses.
- Students have good and very good awareness of depression treatments, in which students of Psychology and History have very good awareness and the remaining faculties have good awareness of this issue.
- Most students believe that psychologists, friends, parents and relatives are suitable people to help if students show signs of depression. Besides, there is a large number of students who are not aware of the supporting role of teachers and psychiatrists in this case.
- Students have good and very good awareness of measures to prevent depression disorders, especially in the group of psychological and cognitive measures.
- The majority of students in the Faculty of General Medicine believe that the best facilities to support people with depression are psychiatric hospitals (83%), while students in the Faculty of Psychology believe that “psychological centers and psychiatric hospitals” are the facilities to support people with depression (17%). Unfortunately, in the Faculty of Accounting,
In the fields of History, Psychology, and Education, there are a large number of students who do not know the basis for helping someone with depression.
- There is a positive correlation between students' awareness of the consequences of depressive disorders and students' awareness of measures to prevent depressive disorders; between students' awareness of influencing factors and measures to prevent depression; between awareness of symptoms and measures to treat depression, all have a significant level of p < 0.05.
On the other hand, when considering separately the perceptions of students of all faculties about all issues related to depression, we found that the Faculty of Psychology - University of Social Sciences and Humanities and the Faculty of General Medicine - Hanoi Medical University have better perceptions of the contents related to depression.
Thus, through the results of practical research, we found that this result is approximately correct compared to the initial research hypothesis.
2. Recommendations
2.1. For schools
Schools need to develop programs, extracurricular activities, training, and seminars on the issue of depression, thereby raising students' awareness of this issue.
School counseling centers can be organized in schools to provide timely support to students who need to share and release negative emotions. At the same time, counselors at school counseling rooms are official information channels providing students with complete and accurate knowledge about depression disorders.
Schools need to arrange reasonable schedules and curriculums, and design healthy playgrounds for students to reduce stress and study pressure for students. Thereby minimizing psychological risks leading to depression in students.
2.2. For lecturers
To raise awareness of students about depressive disorders, in addition to the school's concern, lecturers need to pay more attention to raising awareness of students about depressive disorders. Lecturers should also be counselors to help answer students' questions about mental health or guide students to find appropriate facilities to provide students with the most scientific and accurate knowledge about depressive disorders.
2.3. For students
No one can do better than the students themselves to improve their knowledge of depression. Students need to properly assess the importance of taking care of their mental health. From there, they need to build a reasonable lifestyle and take measures to prevent psychological disorders in general and depression in particular. To do this, students need to proactively seek knowledge about depression, and need to know how to choose reliable information channels to have accurate and scientific understanding of this issue.
Students must understand the importance of knowledge related to mental illnesses in general and depression in particular. Only when they realize the importance of this issue will students be aware of equipping themselves with related knowledge.
In life, when students experience negative emotions, they need to immediately find out their problems and seek help from people around them.