Cognitive Characteristics of High School Students During the Learning Process.

out into the work , realizing the values of the work has the effect of improving one's knowledge. Reading literature also has many different forms and ways of reading , there is silent reading (reading with the eyes) and reading aloud. Reading literature is also divided into many levels, there is reading words, sentences, paragraphs, reading in roles. Reading aloud also distinguishes between reading aloud and reading expressively. In each form of reading, there is a process of communication between the reader and the image and the writer. If in silent reading there is only the participation of the individual reader in the communication process, then reading aloud sometimes also involves the whole community of readers.

Join, rate and enjoy. Thanks to other GT characters.

that relationship

Maybe you are interested!

GT is open

wide

Analysis is to interpret and explain , synthesis is to look back and generalize , to put the analyzed object in its proper place. The object of analysis is the text containing language and images. Thus , talking about analyzing and synthesizing culture means explaining and interpreting layers of meaning in the language and images themselves, along with the methods that create those layers of meaning.

Literary evaluation activities take place throughout the process of receiving literature, demonstrating the active initiative of the recipient. In teaching TPVC, literary evaluation is the job of each student , not just stopping at stating the

Comments on

The writer's ideas and thoughts, which are more important than organization.

function

your comments in writing to

“communication” for effectiveness

theory

to others. Students must know how to form texts (spoken and written) as a means of communication to convey their opinions in relation to the author and other readers. In addition to the student's evaluation activities, there are also teacher's evaluation activities as a model of text organization and communication practice.

Testing and assessment are activities that aim to confirm reading skills,

analysis, synthesis, evaluation, confirmation of cultural reception results, selection and use

language use, and more importantly, assessing the development of students' personalities through lessons. Testing and assessment are not only activities of teachers but also self-testing and assessment activities of students and between students. Testing and assessment activities take place in all stages and steps of the teaching and learning process.

TPVC and is also divided into many levels in many different forms.

Each other. It is possible to use the form of testing and evaluation by means of dialogue and questions or asking students to do short exercises... Each such testing and evaluation activity naturally forms multi-dimensional relationships between students and the subject, between teachers and students, and between students themselves.

1.2. Cognitive characteristics of high school students during the learning process.

communicate

literature

The new teaching perspective does not look at students with a static view. Students are products of the times, products of the current and developing civilization. Each student has a way of thinking, a way of doing, a wealth of knowledge, a cultural perspective of life, through rich and multi-dimensional sources of information, equal to adults. Every day, each student develops new abilities and qualities as a result of the "interactions" between students and life. Therefore, students are fully capable of exercising their right to become readers of works. Students as readers will continue to grow in all aspects of awareness brought about by the process of discovering the work, and teachers are the bridge connecting students with the work and the writer's thoughts conveyed through that "work".

GTVH is an activity process that requires GT participants to mobilize

mobilize all internal forces, intelligence and emotions, instincts and skills...To operate

For cultural activities to be effective, the participants themselves must meet the requirements of physical and psychological development:

+ Cultural capital , experience capital , life capital : this capital is reflected in language capital and the ability to use language, the ability to "decode" art. Revealing cultural capital, life capital and the ability to associate, imagine,

supplement

complement the art painting

perception, ability

reasoning ability

guess, judge, interpret, explain when receiving.

+ The senses , the ability to observe and receive from the objective world into oneself. The most important are the visual , auditory and tactile senses. The "literary" quality of the senses is the subtlety, sharpness , sensitivity, seeing even things that are not visual, hearing even things that do not make sound. And perception is not only to receive but also to explore, discover, find the beautiful, the strange, the unusual, the essence in the object of perception.

+ Thinking operations , brain activity : Receiving culture as well as cultural knowledge must also mobilize all thinking operations, including logical thinking and reasoning .

imagery , both emotional and rational . Especially the operations: imagination ,

association , comparison , prediction , inference , analysis , assumption ... The " literary " quality in thinking ability is visual thinking, the ability to separate the spiritual part

from objects to

maybe

generalize into a name, is the ability

vitality

In imagination, perform role-playing, incarnation, GT, dialogue with the person hidden in the work; GT dialogues with himself.

+ Emotional levels , heart activities , feelings , attitudes, moods , souls, emotions, feelings, and spirituality play a guiding role in cultural communication .

Compared with previous ages, high school students are much more mature in terms of

awareness. You have had the

self-awareness

I, have a need to perceive,

assess ethical, social, and scientific issues from his own perspective: “At this age, the intellectual and social conditions for building a system of individual viewpoints have been formed. During their time studying in high school, students have acquired certain attitudes and moral habits, seen beauty, ugliness, good, evil... gradually these things are conscious and are classified into forms, standards, and principles of behavior.”

[9, 68]. Therefore, high school students perceive and understand social science issues more deeply than before. This is also a factor that encourages the process of literary exchange in students.

High school students' personalities also develop more strongly than other ages.

age before. They want to express their personality, want to be liked by everyone.

people who acknowledge and share thoughts. And to satisfy their perception, students often have the need to dialogue, like to communicate, exchange, chat, and express attitudes.

to others. They want to express their thoughts, opinions and

want your opinion to be respected, sympathized and shared by everyone.

At the age of high school students, the development of cognitive interest and conscious attitude towards learning has promoted the development of initiative and creativity in the process of perceiving lessons and the ability to control oneself while carrying out those processes. During the learning process, high school students not only have the ability to memorize knowledge but also have the ability to think independently, grasp

methods and techniques of intellectual activity

independent. HS has the ability

self-energy

learning, independent thinking. Those requirements have developed their thinking. Scientists believe that: High school students are completely capable of independent and creative logical and abstract thinking in familiar subjects.

learned in school or not learned. Ability to analyze, synthesize, compare

highly developed abstraction and generalization : " Their thinking is very tight . "

tight

more, well-founded

and more consistent. At the same time, the critical nature of thought

only

also develop ” [9, 65]. This allows students to grasp all complex, abstract concepts, grasp the causal relationship in nature and in society. That is the basis for forming a worldview in high school students .

In today's era, the increasing development of technology

Information and audiovisual media are increasingly rich and diverse, stimulating the ability to explore, discover, and actively and proactively create.

high school students. But on the other hand, with unstable personalities, at an age when their psychology is easily agitated, their tendency to explore and discover can easily be swept away by deviant trends, far from reality if there is no guidance from the school, teachers, family and society.

1.3. Short story "Two children" by Thach Lam in school

1.3.1. About the author Thach Lam.

In Vietnamese literature before

How to bring the month of Tet

1945, Thac

h Lam

is one of the writers who won the affection of many readers. He was born on July 7, 1910 in Hanoi in a family of mandarins. His birth name was Nguyen Tuong Vinh, but later he changed it because he wanted to declare his age to take the exam.

Thanh Nguyen Tuong Lan. Besides his official name Thach Lam, he also had two other names.

but other names are Viet Sinh and Thien Si. Thach Lam's hometown is in Cam Pho village, district

Hoi An, Quang Nam province but in the past

grape

river

weak

Cam's hometown

Giang, Hai Duong. Such as

poetry

that child has gone inside

creative

of Thac

h Lam is like an obsession that is hard to erase

blur. blur

up, he went to Ha

He studied at the Agricultural School for a while. After passing the first exam, he

dropped out of school, became a journalist and began publishing literature in 1931.

According to the size of the meeting

family member (Nguyen)

Thi The, The Uyen,

Nguyen Tuong Giang) and some intimate works (Vu Bang, Huyen Kieu...)

Thach Lam is the most intelligent person in the family, lives modestly, and has a compassionate heart.

easy

active, like a peaceful life,

silver

h. Luke

life, he always wondered

worried, struggling to live "like a Vietnamese person". The writer likes to blend in

nature to find relaxation for the soul. But the life of talented people

that flower 1942

Thac

h So hard

sleep, sir

tuberculosis and death

28 6

During his more than 10 years of writing, Thach Lam left behind many pages of writing.

download

flowers. About 40 short stories printed in 3 collections:

The First Wind of the Season (1937),

Energy in the garden

(1938), Toc

( 1942); Novel Today

new ( 1939 ); collection of novels

criticism According to the order ( 1941 ); depending

Hanoi hash brown

street (1943);

Some books written for children such as Hat Ngo , Hai Chi Em , Le Chua ... Quantity

tac

Not much product but can see the master

diverse in genres: short stories,

novels, memoirs, essays, criticism, children's books... Some of his works reach exemplary beauty and are full of value. In particular, the lyrical short stories are imbued with humanity.

Be an active member

crab

small

Thought

literary group and is considered a

In the main trees behind Thach Lam's office, there are many different styles.

a line. If

fish

contemporary writer

with

Thach Lam Chiu

multiple photos

structural influence

tac

works of 19th century Western prose (considered in all)

fish

weak

(about the situation, plot, characters, details) then Thach

Lam was one of the few prose writers of that time who had just come to the forefront.

medium

dislike

from this trend

to keep up with contemporary changes

in the 20th century Western European narrative technique. The manifestations of that effort can be seen quite clearly through the writer's blurring of the plot element while other elements such as characters and details seem to be minimized, especially in the description of appearance and actions. He tends to go into the subconscious world to discover the deepest secrets in the human heart.

1.3.2. About short stories

"Two children

"Young" by Thach Lam

* “Two children” Memories of a childhood.

Many of Thach Lam's short stories are memories and reminiscences, especially childhood memories. Memories of the district town of Cam Giang next to the Hanoi-Hai Phong railway with the market area of poor people were the material for the writer to write the story Two Children .

In the Memoirs of Nguyen Tuong's Family, Ms. Nguyen Thi The, Thach Lam's older sister, recounted: "I did not expect Sau to have such a long memory, as my sister's story describes the two sisters staying up to wait for the night train to pass before leaving.

sleep. That year I was only nine years old, my younger brother was eight, but my mother assigned my sister and I to look after the shop. The shop only sold wine, some banh khuc, and tobacco to attract regular customers to my grandmother's house" [27, 162].

Throughout his childhood, Thach Lam lived close to his mothers.

Poor and hard-working with many children like Le's mother and Doi's mother, the villagers in Ha Nam and Phu Ly had to leave their hometowns to make a living because of floods and famine, and came to the midland district town to make a living. Thach Lam's family fell into poverty after his father died in Sam Neua. The hard-working mother raised seven children in

the street

Cam Giang district (Hai Duong); the dull space

solitary

of the district town later appeared abundantly in Thach Lam's short stories, including Hai dua tre . In the short stories, Thach Lam wrote about the poor mothers and children in that market area with a sincere , melancholy sympathy : " Those poor children on the edge of the market bent over

pick up bamboo sticks, bamboo sticks, or whatever

rank

what can

usable of

the vendors left behind(…). It was getting dark, then Lien and her sister saw the little boy carrying a pipe and two chairs on his back coming out of the alley: Chi Ti, his mother followed behind(…). During the day she went to catch crabs and shrimps, at night she set up this drink stall under the banyan tree, next to the brick marker (Two Children).

The story of Lien and her sister waiting for the train is also a childhood memory of Thach Lam. Let's listen to Thach Lam's sister tell the story: "The period I looked forward to the most was the summer vacation because at that time my brothers, from Hanoi and Hai Duong, all returned to their hometowns. On the day of school dismissal, my sisters and I went to the station together early in the morning (…). Once, the train stopped at the station during Thach Lam's shift, "he stood on the platform and looked around, but did not see any Westerners getting off, so he felt secure and went to the front of the train to lie down.

long to watch the train. While Tay Doan slowly got off the other side of the train

As they entered the siege, Thach Lam was still absent-mindedly looking at the parts of the locomotive” [27, 165].

The train has left

again those

the deepest impression in the innocent soul

poetry and somewhat dreamy of Thach Lam. But here, in the short story

Two children , by Thach Lam , waiting for the night train to return has another meaning.

different. It is not to pick up passengers to the station to buy goods, but it is an urgent spiritual need of the two children, wanting to escape from life for a moment.

cramped, silent like the dim dots of light lingering around the streets

district. Thach Lam sought to enhance the general artistic meaning of a

true story in the lives of two children. The train seemed to bring a new world.

the rich, bustling, noisy and bright world, a completely different world

with the dim light of a few flickering lights on the deserted street of a

small district. A little light in a distant world, the dreams of two children came and went, the district town sank deep into lonely darkness.

* "Two Children" Slow motion film about life through the eyes of Lien.

The short story Two Children was printed in the collection Sunlight in the Garden , Doi Nay Publishing House, Hanoi, 1938. It is considered one of the typical works of Thach Lam's short story style.

It's also a story without a story. The two children are the mood of the story .

The character Lien wakes up to wait for the night train passing by her place of residence, a poor district town. The late afternoon on the market street lingers in the reader's mind with its evocative images, when the sound of conversation and footsteps gradually thin out, on the ground there is only trash, grapefruit peels, custard apple peels, longan leaves... from afar, to the West, the sunset glows red, the row of bamboo in front of the village has darkened, adding to that is the sound of the drum in the air and the sound of frogs echoing in the fields... The scene is very poetic, quiet, vaguely sad and we can easily recognize it as a characteristic of a countryside afternoon. Afternoon, perhaps every afternoon is like that, quietly coming to this countryside, so the author whispers "Afternoon , afternoon is here . "