- Agricultural and Forestry Production
+ Cultivation
Annual plants
Cultivation is still the main production industry of Yen Dinh commune with the main crop being wet rice and some upland crops such as cassava, corn, and sugarcane.
Table 2.3. Cultivated area of annual crops in Yen Dinh commune
STT
Target | Rice | Corn plant | peanut | Soybeans | |
1 | Area (ha) | 267 | 294.2 | 212.9 | 36.7 |
2 | Average yield (tons/ha) | 54.3 | 38.44 | 11 | 13.5 |
4 | Output (tons) | 1449.8 | 1,132.6 | 234.1 | 49.54 |
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Source: People's Committee of Yen Dinh commune
Perennial
The total area of perennial trees is 42.94 hectares distributed around the residential area, annually contributing to the average household income of 1 - 1.5 million VND/household.
+ Animal husbandry
In the commune, livestock farming is mainly developed on a household scale with a semi-free grazing method without planning and investment, so livestock productivity is low. Livestock products are mainly used to provide food for daily life and to provide traction for production. The meat output supplied to the market is not much.
According to 2011 statistics, the total livestock and poultry in the commune are as follows: 1,792 buffaloes, 458 cows, 498 goats, 09 horses, 3,305 pigs, and 15,387 poultry.
+ Forestry Development
The commune's forestry land is 5,245.47 hectares, accounting for 75.29% of the natural area. Of which:
Production forest land 3297.18 ha accounts for 47.32% of natural area Protection forest land 1948.29 ha accounts for 27.96% of natural area
+ Small industry, craft villages, services
The economic growth rate of the service sector in recent years has increased and shifted insignificantly. The number of service business establishments is still modest. Although the products have been diversified to meet some of the people's needs, they are still poor in terms of types, designs and prices are still high compared to people's income.
- Population and labor
+ Population
In 2011, the population of the whole commune was 3,529 people, 687 households with 06 ethnic groups: Tay, Dao, H'mong, Nung, La Chi, Kinh, Yen Dinh commune population summary according to Appendix No. 12.
The poverty rate according to the new standards of the whole commune is 69 households, accounting for 10.04%;
+ Labor, employment
Total number of working age workers is: 1,806/3,529 people;
Labor structure: Agriculture has 1,751 people, accounting for 96.95%. The number of workers with low primary training is only 2.9%;
Economic structure of the commune: Agriculture and forestry account for 99%, services and trade account for 01%. Currently, agricultural production is still the main production sector in which cultivation and livestock farming play a leading role. In the center of the commune, there have appeared restaurant services, catering services, and purchasing of agricultural and forestry products.
- Culture, education
+ Culture
The rate of villages meeting cultural village standards is 12/12 villages, reaching 100%. The total number of families meeting cultural standards is 334 households, reaching 48.62%;
+ Education
The rate of students going to the next grade and going straight to primary school is 100%; the rate of students going to secondary school is 97.4%;
Students were recognized for completing primary education at 96%.
The rate of junior high school graduates continuing to high school and vocational training is 87%;
+ Rural residential housing
The whole commune currently has 674 houses including: 607 solid and semi-solid stilt houses, accounting for 90.05%; temporary bamboo and thatch houses: 67 houses, accounting for 9.95%;
- Infrastructure
+ Traffic
The total number of kilometers of roads in the commune is 57.5 km. Of which, the commune's road traffic system includes 3 main road systems, with a total of 39.44 km;
The commune and inter-commune road system includes 3 routes with a total length of 43 km;
The inter-village road system has a total of 16 routes, with a total length of 25 km; The intra-field road system has a total length of 6.64 km, which has been hardened.
The remaining 1.8 km of the intra-field traffic system is muddy.
+ Irrigation
There are currently 41 irrigation works for 151 hectares with a total length of 4,338.6m that need to be invested in, repaired and upgraded. The irrigation system has not met the irrigation needs in the area. Annual dredging and canal repair have not been given attention, leading to some hardened works being degraded and not meeting the water supply needs. The main source of irrigation water is from natural water sources, taken from streams, so it is not proactive for irrigation.
2.2.3. Economic and social conditions of Minh Son commune, Bac Me district
Minh Son commune is located in the Northwest of Bac Me district, with a total natural land area of 14,711.56 hectares. The current status of land types in Minh Son commune is shown in Appendix No. 08.
- Agricultural and Forestry Production
Agricultural production is an important sector and contributes mainly to the agriculture, forestry and fishery sector. The production value of the sector in 2011 accounted for 76.58% of the production value of the agriculture, forestry and fishery sector.
+ Cultivation:
In recent years, the commune's agricultural sector has promoted the shift in crop structure, while improving the quality of intensive farming and increasing crop productivity.
Replicating effective seedling models, promoting land reclamation and bringing unused land into agricultural production.
Table 2.4. Cultivated area of annual crops in Minh Son commune
STT
Target | Rice | Corn plant | peanut | Soybeans | |
1 | Area (ha) | 256.5 | 531 | 140.3 | 224.6 |
2 | Average yield (tons/ha) | 55.4 | 30.5 | 15 | 13 |
4 | Output (tons) | 1,421 | 1,619.5 | 210.45 | 292 |
Source: Minh Son Commune People's Committee
+ Animal husbandry:
In recent years, livestock farming has had the right investment, vaccination, disease prevention, and improvement of livestock breeds. The livestock herd has grown strongly in both quantity and quality: 2,086 buffaloes, 1,667 cows, 3,376 pigs, 1,445 goats, and 18,591 poultry.
+ Seafood
Aquaculture in the commune has been given attention. Up to now, the commune has built fish farming models and expanded fish farming areas, basically meeting people's needs better and increasing household income. The whole commune has 10 hectares of aquaculture.
+ Forestry Development
Minh Son is a commune with quite large forest potential. The total forest land area in 2011 was 10,846.14 ha, accounting for about 73.73% of the total natural land area.
In there:
Production forest land is 4,495.57 ha, accounting for 41.45% of forestry land area; Special-use forest land is 3,853.14 ha, accounting for 35.53% of forestry land area; Protective forest land is 2,497.43 ha, accounting for 23.03% of forestry land area.
+ Industry, Small industry
In recent years, the industry and handicraft sector of Minh Son commune has had appropriate development steps and attracted many economic sectors.
Participate, contribute to increasing competitiveness in the market and shifting economic structure towards industrialization. Specifically:
Industry: In recent years, the industry of Minh Son commune has gradually developed, especially the industry of mineral exploration, exploitation and processing. Up to now, in the commune, there are 05 units licensed to exploit various types of minerals.
Regarding small-scale industry: along with the development of industry, the commune's small-scale industry has developed. From 2006 to 2011, many establishments producing construction materials, wood processing and other agricultural tools have been established in the commune to serve local needs.
- Population and labor
+ Population
The whole commune has 1,050 households with 5,824 people; of which 127 are quite rich, 544 are average, and 379 are poor.
There are 6 ethnic groups living in the commune, including: Kinh 31 people, Tay
1,296 people, H'Mong 2,803 people, Dao 1,689 people, Nung 4 people, other ethnic groups 1 person, summary of population situation of Minh Son commune according to Appendix No. 11.
In general, the people's educational level is still low, labor and production are still spontaneous or follow traditional practices, scientific advances are not widely applied, there is a lack of experience, capital...
+ Labor, employment
The number of people of working age in 2011 was 2,667 workers, of which 1,301 were male workers and 1,366 were female workers.
* Number of employees by industry:
Labor in agricultural sector: 2,272 workers.
Labor in the field of handicrafts and construction: 385 workers.
* Trained workers are 335 people, accounting for 12.56% of the total labor force in the commune.
* Average income per capita in 2011 reached 6.5 million VND/person, lower than the average income of Ha Giang province (7.42 million VND/person).
* The economic structure of the commune has an important shift, in the right direction in line with the goal of industrialization and modernization. The proportion of construction industry and services has gradually increased, the proportion of agriculture, forestry and fishery in the economy has gradually decreased. Specifically, the economic structure in 2011:
The proportion of agriculture, forestry and fishery is 60%. The proportion of industry and construction is 25%.
The proportion of service industry increased by 15%.
- Culture, education
+ Culture
The whole commune has 6 villages with their own cultural houses: Kep A village, Lung Quoc village, Ngoc Tri village, Binh Ba village, Kho La village, Khuoi Ken village. The quality of the cultural houses is relatively good, contributing to solving the entertainment needs of the majority of people in the villages. Currently, there are 11 villages without cultural houses.
The movement to build cultural villages and cultural families has received widespread participation from the people. The whole commune has 10/17 cultural villages and 333 cultural households.
+ Education
Education and training in recent years has been continuously improved in quality: the rate of class and level transfer has reached a high rate, specifically: Primary school 95%, Secondary school 78%, the rate of mobilizing children from 0-2 years old reached 8.91%, from 3-5 years old reached 65.20%, 5-year-old children reached 90.2%, the rate of mobilizing children from 6-14 years old to go to school reached 98%.
+ Rural residential housing
The spatial architecture of rural housing is mainly traditional houses of ethnic groups distributed interspersed. The whole commune has 1,050 houses, of which: 66 are solid houses; 108 are semi-solid houses that meet standards; 744 are semi-solid houses that do not meet standards; and 132 are temporary and dilapidated houses.
- Infrastructure
+ Traffic
The commune's traffic system is relatively complete, routes are formed according to management levels.
Provincial road: Provincial road 279 runs through with a length of 24 km, 6 m wide roadbed, asphalt road surface with a width of 4 m.
Inter-commune road: The central intersection road to Lung Vay village has a total length of 11 km, the roadbed is 6 m wide. The road structure is mainly gravel road (1.5 km is paved).
Inter-village roads: There are a total of 6 inter-village roads with a total length of 28.90 km. The roadbed is 1.5 - 5 m wide, all of which are dirt roads.
Village roads: There are a total of 53 village roads with a total length of 42.15 km. The roadbed is 1.5 - 4 m wide, mainly dirt roads (2.25 km are concreted).
+ Irrigation
Water for agricultural production is mainly taken from streams and small streams. Drainage is mainly by natural flow into small streams and gradually flowing into larger streams.
The whole commune has 61.21 km of canals.
copper , annual regular expenditure
knife
which
irrigation canals , canal repair , creating favorable conditions for irrigation
The company produces on time .
2.3. Research time
- The time for data collection, field survey and interviewing officials and people of 03 communes is from May 2012 to September 2012, specifically:
+ Collect documents at the Department of Agriculture and Rural Development, the Forest Protection Department of Ha Giang province, the Management Board of the Tonkin Snub-nosed Monkey Species and Habitat Conservation Area of Ha Giang province, relevant agencies, the People's Committee of Bac Me district, and the People's Committee of Vi Xuyen district in May 2012.
+ Collect documents on economic and social conditions and interview officials and people of Minh Son commune, Yen Dinh commune, Bac Me district and Tung Ba commune, Vi Xuyen district in 2 phases: Phase 1 from June 4, 2012 to June 22, 2012 and phase 2 from July 2, 2012 to July 12, 2012.
+ Participated in the capacity building training course on “Biodiversity conservation - Conservation of Tonkin snub-nosed monkey” from June 13, 2012 to June 17, 2012 organized by the Vietnam National Parks and Protected Areas Association (VNPPA).
+ Participated in the Workshop to identify priority activities for Tonkin snub-nosed monkey on June 19, 2012 organized by the Vietnam National Parks and Protected Areas Association (VNPPA).
+ Participate in the meeting of the Advisory Council with the Management Board of the Conservation Area (the first 6-month review meeting of 2012) to collect information and consult with stakeholders on the Conservation Model with community participation.
+ Participated in 03 meetings of the KBTV Management Board with Forest Patrol Teams and Research Teams (meetings in July, August, September 2012).
- Time to collect data for thesis writing from July 2012 to October 2012.
2.4. Research subjects
The research object of the topic is conservation work at the Tonkin Snub-nosed Monkey Species and Habitat Conservation Area in Ha Giang province. Specifically, the research objects here are:
- Conservation work at the Tonkin Snub-nosed Monkey Species and Habitat Conservation Area in Ha Giang province (management staff of the Conservation Area, stakeholders in conservation work).
- Activities of people in 3 communes around the conservation area: Tung Ba commune, Vi Xuyen district; Yen Dinh commune, Minh Son commune, Bac Me district affect the conservation area.
- Stakeholders in the conservation and management of resources at KBTV.
2.5. Research methods
2.5.1. Document synthesis and inheritance
Collect available documents and statistics on issues related to the research content including:
+ Collect legal documents related to biodiversity conservation including: Law on Forest Protection and Development 2004, Law on Biodiversity 2008 and documents guiding implementation.
+ Inheriting research results and theories of scientific works in the field of natural resource conservation and biodiversity conservation.