Notes on levels:
(1) Very low: Average score from 0 to 2.86;
(2) Low: Average score from above 2.86 to 3.13;
(3) Average: Average score from above 3.13 to 3.67;
(4) High: Average score from 3.67 to 3.94;
(5) Very high: Average score from above 3.94 to 5.00.
Table 6. Young people's perceptions of the possibility of being detected by authorities when violating road traffic laws
TT
Violation of road traffic laws | Probability of being detected (%) | Average score | Standard deviation | |||||
Definitely not detected | Rarely detected | May be detected, may not be | Almost certain to be detected | Sure to be found out | ||||
1. | Not wearing a helmet as required | 0.0 | 0.5 | 30.8 | 37.1 | 31.6 | 4.00 | 0.44 |
1.1. | No helmet | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 46.3 | 53.7 | 4.54 | 0.50 |
1.2. | Poor helmet wearing quality | 0.0 | 0.7 | 75.5 | 16.4 | 7.4 | 3.31 | 0.61 |
1.3. | Wear a helmet strap properly | 0.0 | 0.9 | 16.8 | 48.7 | 33.6 | 4.15 | 0.72 |
2. | Driving over the maximum speed limit | 0.0 | 2.2 | 80.3 | 14.4 | 3.1 | 3.18 | 0.51 |
3. | Using phone, audio device while driving | 43.8 | 51.0 | 4.8 | 0.4 | 0.0 | 1.62 | 0.30 |
3.1. | Driving a motorbike while using it mobile phone use | 0.0 | 89.7 | 9.6 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 2.11 | 0.33 |
3.2. | Driving a motorbike while using it use headphones, radio,... | 87.6 | 12.4 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.12 | 0.33 |
4. | Failure to comply with credit traffic light | 0.0 | 0.9 | 16.6 | 49.8 | 32.8 | 4.14 | 0.71 |
5. | Improper vehicle navigation | 11.8 | 32.1 | 29.1 | 15.6 | 11.4 | 2.83 | 0.70 |
5.1. | Vehicle navigation is not with turn signal | 0.0 | 0.9 | 17.9 | 46.9 | 34.3 | 4.15 | 0.73 |
5.2. | Vehicle navigation is not slow down | 17.7 | 48.3 | 34.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.16 | 0.70 |
5.3. | Sudden change of direction without giving way to vehicles and pedestrians as per rules | 17.7 | 47.2 | 35.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.17 | 0.71 |
Shared | 3.10 | 0.43 | ||||||
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![Mobile Phone Usage in Hanoi Inner City Area
zt2i3t4l5ee
zt2a3gsconsumer,consumption,consumer behavior,marketing,mobile marketing
zt2a3ge
zc2o3n4t5e6n7ts
- Test the relationship between demographic variables and consumer behavior for Mobile Marketing activities
The analysis method used is the Chi-square test (χ2), with statistical hypotheses H0 and H1 and significance level α = 0.05. In case the P index (p-value) or Sig. index in SPSS has a value less than or equal to the significance level α, the hypothesis H0 is rejected and vice versa. With this testing procedure, the study can evaluate the difference in behavioral trends between demographic groups.
CHAPTER 4
RESEARCH RESULTS
During two months, 1,100 survey questionnaires were distributed to mobile phone users in the inner city of Hanoi using various methods such as direct interviews, sending via email or using questionnaires designed on the Internet. At the end of the survey, after checking and eliminating erroneous questionnaires, the study collected 858 complete questionnaires, equivalent to a rate of about 78%. In addition, the research subjects of the thesis are only people who are using mobile phones, so people who do not use mobile phones are not within the scope of the thesis, therefore, the questionnaires with the option of not using mobile phones were excluded from the scope of analysis. The number of suitable survey questionnaires included in the statistical analysis was 835.
4.1 Demographic characteristics of the sample
The structure of the survey sample is divided and statistically analyzed according to criteria such as gender, age, occupation, education level and personal income. (Detailed statistical table in Appendix 6)
- Gender structure: Of the 835 completed questionnaires, 49.8% of respondents were male, equivalent to 416 people, and 50.2% were female, equivalent to 419 people. The survey results of the study are completely consistent with the gender ratio in the population structure of Vietnam in general and Hanoi in particular (Male/Female: 49/51).
- Age structure: 36.6% of respondents are <23 years old, equivalent to 306 people. People from 23-34 years old
accounting for the highest proportion: 44.8% equivalent to 374 people, people aged 35-45 and >45 are 70 and 85 people equivalent to 8.4% and 10.2% respectively. Looking at the results of this survey, we can see that the young people - youth account for a large proportion of the total number of people participating in the survey. Meanwhile, the middle-aged people including two age groups of 35 - 45 and >45 have a low rate of participation in the survey. This is completely consistent with the reality when Mobile Marketing is identified as a Marketing service aimed at young people (people under 35 years old).
- Structure by educational level: among 835 valid responses, 541 respondents had university degrees, accounting for the highest proportion of ~ 75%, 102 had secondary school degrees, ~ 13.1%, and 93 had post-graduate degrees, ~ 11.9%.
- Occupational structure: office workers and civil servants are the group with the highest rate of participation with 39.4%, followed by students with 36.6%. Self-employed people account for 12%, retired housewives are 7.8% and other occupational groups account for 4.2%. The survey results show that the student group has the same rate as the group aged <23 at 36.6%. This shows the accuracy of the survey data. In addition, the survey results distributed by occupational criteria have a rate almost similar to the sample division rate in chapter 3. Therefore, it can be concluded that the survey data is suitable for use in analysis activities.
- Income structure: the group with income from 3 to 5 million has the highest rate with 39% of the total number of respondents. This is consistent with the income structure of Hanoi people and corresponds to the average income of the group of civil servants and office workers. Those
People with no income account for 23%, income under 3 million VND accounts for 13% and income over 5 million VND accounts for 25%.
4.2 Mobile phone usage in Hanoi inner city area
According to the survey results, most respondents said they had used the phone for more than 1 year, specifically: 68.4% used mobile phones from 4 to 10 years, 23.2% used from 1 to 3 years, 7.8% used for more than 10 years. Those who used mobile phones for less than 1 year accounted for only a very small proportion of ~ 0.6%. (Table 4.1)
Table 4.1: Time spent using mobile phones
Frequency
Ratio (%)
Valid Percentage
Cumulative Percentage
Alid
<1 year
5
.6
.6
.6
1-3 years
194
23.2
23.2
23.8
4-10 years
571
68.4
68.4
92.2
>10 years
65
7.8
7.8
100.0
Total
835
100.0
100.0
The survey indexes on the time of using mobile phones of consumers in the inner city of Hanoi are very impressive for a developing country like Vietnam and also prove that Vietnamese consumers have a lot of experience using this high-tech device. Moreover, with the majority of consumers surveyed having a relatively long time of use (4-10 years), it partly proves that mobile phones have become an important and essential item in peoples daily lives.
When asked about the mobile phone network they are using, 31% of respondents said they are using the network of Vietel company, 29% use the network of
of Mobifone company, 27% use Vinaphone companys network and 13% use networks of other providers such as E-VN telecom, S-fone, Beeline, Vietnammobile. (Figure 4.1).
Figure 4.1: Mobile phone network in use
Compared with the announced market share of mobile telecommunications service providers in Vietnam (Vietel: 36%, Mobifone: 29%, Vinaphone: 28%, the remaining networks: 7%), we see that the survey results do not have many differences. However, the statistics show that there is a difference in the market share of other networks because the Hanoi market is one of the two main markets of small networks, so their market share in this area will certainly be higher than that of the whole country.
According to a report by NielsenMobile (2009) [8], the number of prepaid mobile phone subscribers in Hanoi accounts for 95% of the total number of subscribers, however, the results of this survey show that the percentage of prepaid subscribers has decreased by more than 20%, only at 70.8%. On the contrary, the number of postpaid subscribers tends to increase from 5% in 2009 to 19.2%. Those who are simultaneously using both types of subscriptions account for 10%. (Table 4.2).
Table 4.2: Types of mobile phone subscribers
Frequency
Ratio (%)
Valid Percentage
Cumulative Percentage
Valid
Prepay
591
70.8
70.8
70.8
Pay later
160
19.2
19.2
89.9
Both of the above
84
10.1
10.1
100.0
Total
835
100.0
100.0
The above figures show the change in the psychology and consumption habits of Vietnamese consumers towards mobile telecommunications services, when the use of prepaid subscriptions and junk SIMs is replaced by the use of two types of subscriptions for different purposes and needs or switching to postpaid subscriptions to enjoy better customer care services.
In addition, the majority of respondents have an average spending level for mobile phone services from 100 to 300 thousand VND (406 ~ 48.6% of total respondents). The high spending level (> 500 thousand VND) is the spending level with the lowest number of people with only 8.4%, on the contrary, the low spending level (under 100 thousand VND) accounts for the second highest proportion among the groups of respondents with 25.4%. People with low spending levels mainly fall into the group of students and retirees/housewives - those who have little need to use or mainly use promotional SIM cards. (Table 4.3).
Table 4.3: Spending on mobile phone charges
Frequency
Ratio (%)
Valid Percentage
Cumulative Percentage
Valid
<100,000
212
25.4
25.4
25.4
100-300,000
406
48.6
48.6
74.0
300,000-500,000
147
17.6
17.6
91.6
>500,000
70
8.4
8.4
100.0
Total
835
100.0
100.0
The statistics in Table 4.3 are similar to the percentages in the NielsenMobile survey results (2009) with 73% of mobile phone users having medium spending levels and only 13% having high spending levels.
The survey results also showed that up to 31% ~ nearly one-third of respondents said they sent more than 10 SMS messages/day, meaning that on average they sent 1 SMS message for every working hour. Those with an average SMS message volume (from 3 to 10 messages/day) accounted for 51.1% and those with a low SMS message volume (less than 3 messages/day) accounted for 17%. (Table 4.4)
Table 4.4: Number of SMS messages sent per day
Frequency
Ratio (%)
Valid Percentage
Cumulative Percentage
Valid
<3 news
142
17.0
17.0
17.0
3-10 news
427
51.1
51.1
68.1
>10 news
266
31.9
31.9
100.0
Total
835
100.0
100.0
Similar to sending messages, those with an average message receiving rate (from 3-10 messages/day) accounted for the highest percentage of ~ 55%, followed by those with a high number of messages (over 10 messages/day) ~ 24% and those with a low number of messages received daily (under 3 messages/day) remained at the bottom with 21%. (Table 4.5)
Table 4.5: Number of SMS messages received per day
Frequency
Ratio (%)
Valid Percentage
Cumulative Percentage
Valid
<3 news
175
21.0
21.0
21.0
3-10 news
436
55.0
55.0
76.0
>10 news
197
24.0
24.0
100.0
Total
835
100.0
100.0
When comparing the data of the two result tables 4.4 and 4.5, we can see the reasonableness between the ratio of the number of messages sent and the number of messages received daily by the interview participants.
4.3 Current status of SMS advertising and Mobile Marketing
According to the interview results, in the 3 months from the time of the survey and before, 94% of respondents, equivalent to 785 people, said they received advertising messages, while only a very small percentage of 6% (only 50 people) did not receive advertising messages (Table 4.6).
Table 4.6: Percentage of people receiving advertising messages in the last 3 months
Frequency
Ratio (%)
Valid Percentage
Cumulative Percentage
Valid
Have
785
94.0
94.0
94.0
Are not
50
6.0
6.0
100.0
Total
835
100.0
100.0
The results of Table 4.6 show that consumers in the inner city of Hanoi are very familiar with advertising messages. This result is also the basis for assessing the knowledge, experience and understanding of the respondents in the interview. This is also one of the important factors determining the accuracy of the survey results.
In addition, most respondents said they had received promotional messages, but only 24% of them had ever taken the action of registering to receive promotional messages, while 76% of the remaining respondents did not register to receive promotional messages but still received promotional messages every day. This is the first sign indicating the weaknesses and shortcomings of lax management of this activity in Vietnam. (Table 4.7)
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Mobile Phone Usage in Hanoi Inner City Area
zt2i3t4l5ee
zt2a3gsconsumer,consumption,consumer behavior,marketing,mobile marketing
zt2a3ge
zc2o3n4t5e6n7ts
- Test the relationship between demographic variables and consumer behavior for Mobile Marketing activities
The analysis method used is the Chi-square test (χ2), with statistical hypotheses H0 and H1 and significance level α = 0.05. In case the P index (p-value) or Sig. index in SPSS has a value less than or equal to the significance level α, the hypothesis H0 is rejected and vice versa. With this testing procedure, the study can evaluate the difference in behavioral trends between demographic groups.
CHAPTER 4
RESEARCH RESULTS
During two months, 1,100 survey questionnaires were distributed to mobile phone users in the inner city of Hanoi using various methods such as direct interviews, sending via email or using questionnaires designed on the Internet. At the end of the survey, after checking and eliminating erroneous questionnaires, the study collected 858 complete questionnaires, equivalent to a rate of about 78%. In addition, the research subjects of the thesis are only people who are using mobile phones, so people who do not use mobile phones are not within the scope of the thesis, therefore, the questionnaires with the option of not using mobile phones were excluded from the scope of analysis. The number of suitable survey questionnaires included in the statistical analysis was 835.
4.1 Demographic characteristics of the sample
The structure of the survey sample is divided and statistically analyzed according to criteria such as gender, age, occupation, education level and personal income. (Detailed statistical table in Appendix 6)
- Gender structure: Of the 835 completed questionnaires, 49.8% of respondents were male, equivalent to 416 people, and 50.2% were female, equivalent to 419 people. The survey results of the study are completely consistent with the gender ratio in the population structure of Vietnam in general and Hanoi in particular (Male/Female: 49/51).
- Age structure: 36.6% of respondents are <23 years old, equivalent to 306 people. People from 23-34 years old
accounting for the highest proportion: 44.8% equivalent to 374 people, people aged 35-45 and >45 are 70 and 85 people equivalent to 8.4% and 10.2% respectively. Looking at the results of this survey, we can see that the young people - youth account for a large proportion of the total number of people participating in the survey. Meanwhile, the middle-aged people including two age groups of 35 - 45 and >45 have a low rate of participation in the survey. This is completely consistent with the reality when Mobile Marketing is identified as a Marketing service aimed at young people (people under 35 years old).
- Structure by educational level: among 835 valid responses, 541 respondents had university degrees, accounting for the highest proportion of ~ 75%, 102 had secondary school degrees, ~ 13.1%, and 93 had post-graduate degrees, ~ 11.9%.
- Occupational structure: office workers and civil servants are the group with the highest rate of participation with 39.4%, followed by students with 36.6%. Self-employed people account for 12%, retired housewives are 7.8% and other occupational groups account for 4.2%. The survey results show that the student group has the same rate as the group aged <23 at 36.6%. This shows the accuracy of the survey data. In addition, the survey results distributed by occupational criteria have a rate almost similar to the sample division rate in chapter 3. Therefore, it can be concluded that the survey data is suitable for use in analysis activities.
- Income structure: the group with income from 3 to 5 million has the highest rate with 39% of the total number of respondents. This is consistent with the income structure of Hanoi people and corresponds to the average income of the group of civil servants and office workers. Those
People with no income account for 23%, income under 3 million VND accounts for 13% and income over 5 million VND accounts for 25%.
4.2 Mobile phone usage in Hanoi inner city area
According to the survey results, most respondents said they had used the phone for more than 1 year, specifically: 68.4% used mobile phones from 4 to 10 years, 23.2% used from 1 to 3 years, 7.8% used for more than 10 years. Those who used mobile phones for less than 1 year accounted for only a very small proportion of ~ 0.6%. (Table 4.1)
Table 4.1: Time spent using mobile phones
Frequency
Ratio (%)
Valid Percentage
Cumulative Percentage
Alid
<1 year
5
.6
.6
.6
1-3 years
194
23.2
23.2
23.8
4-10 years
571
68.4
68.4
92.2
>10 years
65
7.8
7.8
100.0
Total
835
100.0
100.0
The survey indexes on the time of using mobile phones of consumers in the inner city of Hanoi are very impressive for a developing country like Vietnam and also prove that Vietnamese consumers have a lot of experience using this high-tech device. Moreover, with the majority of consumers surveyed having a relatively long time of use (4-10 years), it partly proves that mobile phones have become an important and essential item in people's daily lives.
When asked about the mobile phone network they are using, 31% of respondents said they are using the network of Vietel company, 29% use the network of
of Mobifone company, 27% use Vinaphone company's network and 13% use networks of other providers such as E-VN telecom, S-fone, Beeline, Vietnammobile. (Figure 4.1).
Figure 4.1: Mobile phone network in use
Compared with the announced market share of mobile telecommunications service providers in Vietnam (Vietel: 36%, Mobifone: 29%, Vinaphone: 28%, the remaining networks: 7%), we see that the survey results do not have many differences. However, the statistics show that there is a difference in the market share of other networks because the Hanoi market is one of the two main markets of small networks, so their market share in this area will certainly be higher than that of the whole country.
According to a report by NielsenMobile (2009) [8], the number of prepaid mobile phone subscribers in Hanoi accounts for 95% of the total number of subscribers, however, the results of this survey show that the percentage of prepaid subscribers has decreased by more than 20%, only at 70.8%. On the contrary, the number of postpaid subscribers tends to increase from 5% in 2009 to 19.2%. Those who are simultaneously using both types of subscriptions account for 10%. (Table 4.2).
Table 4.2: Types of mobile phone subscribers
Frequency
Ratio (%)
Valid Percentage
Cumulative Percentage
Valid
Prepay
591
70.8
70.8
70.8
Pay later
160
19.2
19.2
89.9
Both of the above
84
10.1
10.1
100.0
Total
835
100.0
100.0
The above figures show the change in the psychology and consumption habits of Vietnamese consumers towards mobile telecommunications services, when the use of prepaid subscriptions and junk SIMs is replaced by the use of two types of subscriptions for different purposes and needs or switching to postpaid subscriptions to enjoy better customer care services.
In addition, the majority of respondents have an average spending level for mobile phone services from 100 to 300 thousand VND (406 ~ 48.6% of total respondents). The high spending level (> 500 thousand VND) is the spending level with the lowest number of people with only 8.4%, on the contrary, the low spending level (under 100 thousand VND) accounts for the second highest proportion among the groups of respondents with 25.4%. People with low spending levels mainly fall into the group of students and retirees/housewives - those who have little need to use or mainly use promotional SIM cards. (Table 4.3).
Table 4.3: Spending on mobile phone charges
Frequency
Ratio (%)
Valid Percentage
Cumulative Percentage
Valid
<100,000
212
25.4
25.4
25.4
100-300,000
406
48.6
48.6
74.0
300,000-500,000
147
17.6
17.6
91.6
>500,000
70
8.4
8.4
100.0
Total
835
100.0
100.0
The statistics in Table 4.3 are similar to the percentages in the NielsenMobile survey results (2009) with 73% of mobile phone users having medium spending levels and only 13% having high spending levels.
The survey results also showed that up to 31% ~ nearly one-third of respondents said they sent more than 10 SMS messages/day, meaning that on average they sent 1 SMS message for every working hour. Those with an average SMS message volume (from 3 to 10 messages/day) accounted for 51.1% and those with a low SMS message volume (less than 3 messages/day) accounted for 17%. (Table 4.4)
Table 4.4: Number of SMS messages sent per day
Frequency
Ratio (%)
Valid Percentage
Cumulative Percentage
Valid
<3 news
142
17.0
17.0
17.0
3-10 news
427
51.1
51.1
68.1
>10 news
266
31.9
31.9
100.0
Total
835
100.0
100.0
Similar to sending messages, those with an average message receiving rate (from 3-10 messages/day) accounted for the highest percentage of ~ 55%, followed by those with a high number of messages (over 10 messages/day) ~ 24% and those with a low number of messages received daily (under 3 messages/day) remained at the bottom with 21%. (Table 4.5)
Table 4.5: Number of SMS messages received per day
Frequency
Ratio (%)
Valid Percentage
Cumulative Percentage
Valid
<3 news
175
21.0
21.0
21.0
3-10 news
436
55.0
55.0
76.0
>10 news
197
24.0
24.0
100.0
Total
835
100.0
100.0
When comparing the data of the two result tables 4.4 and 4.5, we can see the reasonableness between the ratio of the number of messages sent and the number of messages received daily by the interview participants.
4.3 Current status of SMS advertising and Mobile Marketing
According to the interview results, in the 3 months from the time of the survey and before, 94% of respondents, equivalent to 785 people, said they received advertising messages, while only a very small percentage of 6% (only 50 people) did not receive advertising messages (Table 4.6).
Table 4.6: Percentage of people receiving advertising messages in the last 3 months
Frequency
Ratio (%)
Valid Percentage
Cumulative Percentage
Valid
Have
785
94.0
94.0
94.0
Are not
50
6.0
6.0
100.0
Total
835
100.0
100.0
The results of Table 4.6 show that consumers in the inner city of Hanoi are very familiar with advertising messages. This result is also the basis for assessing the knowledge, experience and understanding of the respondents in the interview. This is also one of the important factors determining the accuracy of the survey results.
In addition, most respondents said they had received promotional messages, but only 24% of them had ever taken the action of registering to receive promotional messages, while 76% of the remaining respondents did not register to receive promotional messages but still received promotional messages every day. This is the first sign indicating the weaknesses and shortcomings of lax management of this activity in Vietnam. (Table 4.7)
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Notes on the level: (1) Very low: Average score from 0 to 2.86; (2) Low: Average score from above 2.86 to 3.13; (3) Medium: Average score from above 3.13 to 3.67; (4) High: Average score from above 3.67 to 3.94; (5) Very high: Average score from above 3.94 to 5.00.
Table 7. Young people's perceptions of the possibility of being stopped and handled by authorities when violating road traffic laws
TT
Violation of road traffic laws | Probability of being stopped and prosecuted (%) | Average score | Standard deviation | |||||
Definitely not stopped and processed | Rarely stopped and prosecuted | May be stopped and processed, may not | Almost certain to be stopped and prosecuted | Definitely stopped and processed | ||||
1. | Not wearing a helmet as required | 0.0 | 0.6 | 31.4 | 38.7 | 29.3 | 3.97 | 0.44 |
1.1. | No helmet | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 48.0 | 50.9 | 4.50 | 0.52 |
1.2. | Poor helmet wearing quality | 0.0 | 0.7 | 75.5 | 16.8 | 7.0 | 3.30 | 0.60 |
1.3. | Wear a helmet strap properly | 0.0 | 0.9 | 17.7 | 51.3 | 30.1 | 4.11 | 0.71 |
2. | Driving over the maximum speed limit | 0.0 | 0.9 | 17.7 | 50.2 | 31.2 | 4.12 | 0.72 |
3. | Using phone, audio device while driving | 42.0 | 51.8 | 5.6 | 0.6 | 0.0 | 1.65 | 0.34 |
3.1. | Driving a motorbike while using it mobile phone use | 0.4 | 87.3 | 11.1 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 2.13 | 0.38 |
3.2. | Driving a motorbike while using headphones, radio,… | 83.6 | 16.2 | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.17 | 0.38 |
4. | Disobeying traffic lights | 0.0 | 0.9 | 16.8 | 45.9 | 36.5 | 4.18 | 0.73 |
5. | Vehicle navigation illegal | 0.0 | 54.1 | 10.0 | 18.0 | 17.9 | 3.00 | 0.40 |
5.1. | Vehicle navigation is not with turn signal | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 46.3 | 53.7 | 4.54 | 0.50 |
5.2. | Vehicle navigation is not slow down | 0.0 | 81.7 | 14.0 | 4.4 | 0.0 | 2.23 | 0.51 |
5.3. | Changing direction suddenly without giving way to vehicles and pedestrians according to regulations determine | 0.0 | 80.8 | 15.9 | 3.3 | 0.0 | 2.22 | 0.49 |
Shared | 3.25 | 0.37 | ||||||
Notes on the level: (1) Very low: Average score from 0 to 2.86; (2) Low: Average score from above 2.86 to 3.13; (3) Medium: Average score from above 3.13 to 3.67; (4) High: Average score from above 3.67 to 3.94; (5) Very high: Average score from above 3.94 to 5.00.
Table 8. Sources of knowledge about road traffic laws and safety of young people
TT
Information source | Acceptance rate (%) | Average score | Deviation standard | Rank | |||||
Not accepted what | Little | Not a few, not much | Much | So many | |||||
1. | Electronic newspaper | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.7 | 18.8 | 79.5 | 4.78 | 0.46 | 1 |
2. | Television station | 0.0 | 1.8 | 11.1 | 70.1 | 17.0 | 4.02 | 0.59 | 2 |
3. | Through behavioral observation participate in other people's traffic | 1.7 | 0.0 | 9.4 | 76.0 | 12.9 | 3.98 | 0.62 | 3 |
4. | Unit training class driving license test organizer | 22.5 | 17.9 | 0.0 | 43.9 | 15.7 | 3.12 | 1.46 | 4 |
5. | Billboard, poster public | 0.0 | 5.0 | 83.0 | 8.1 | 3.9 | 3.11 | 0.53 | 5 |
6. | Participate in social activities, volunteer to maintain traffic order and safety information | 5.2 | 40.4 | 14.2 | 20.5 | 19.7 | 3.09 | 1.27 | 6 |
7. | Police propaganda, reminders, and handling traffic | 0.0 | 9.4 | 76.6 | 14.0 | 0.0 | 3.05 | 0.48 | 7 |
8. | Family members | 3.1 | 6.8 | 79.6 | 10.5 | 0.0 | 2.98 | 0.54 | 8 |
9. | Propaganda and education activities of school, agency, locality | 1.3 | 35.2 | 56.8 | 6.7 | 0.0 | 2.69 | 0.61 | 9 |
10. | Public address system in residential areas place of residence | 9.0 | 29.6 | 53.3 | 8.1 | 0.0 | 2.60 | 0.76 | 10 |
11. | Friend | 5.9 | 64.0 | 12.0 | 18.1 | 0.0 | 2.42 | 0.85 | 11 |
12. | Newspaper | 46.3 | 13.3 | 16.4 | 19.9 | 4.1 | 2.22 | 1.32 | 12 |
13. | Public address system of Hanoi City Police Installation on the roads | 45.2 | 10.0 | 35.4 | 5.7 | 3.7 | 2.13 | 1.16 | 13 |
14. | Radio | 9.2 | 77.4 | 9.0 | 4.4 | 0.0 | 2.09 | 0.59 | 14 |
15. | Social network | 14.2 | 71.0 | 9.6 | 5.2 | 0.0 | 2.06 | 0.67 | 15 |
Notes on the level: (1) Very low: Average score from 0 to 2.86; (2) Low: Average score from above 2.86 to 3.13; (3) Average: Average score from above 3.13
Table 9. Level of agreement of young people with the regulation of wearing helmets
TT
Helmet regulations | Level of agreement (%) | Average score | Standard deviation | |||||
Disagree | Agree in part | Half agree | Agree 1 majority | Agree | ||||
1. | Wear a helmet is required | 0.0 | 1.5 | 81.4 | 17.1 | 0.0 | 3.16 | 0.40 |
2. | Helmets must meet the regulations quality standard | 0.0 | 1.5 | 79.3 | 19.2 | 0.0 | 3.18 | 0.42 |
3. | Wear a helmet must be fastened properly | 0.0 | 1.5 | 76.4 | 22.1 | 0.0 | 3.21 | 0.44 |
Shared | 3.18 | 0.40 | ||||||
Notes on the level: (1) Very low: Average score from 0 to 2.86; (2) Low: Average score from above 2.86 to 3.13; (3) Medium: Average score from above 3.13 to 3.67; (4) High: Average score from above 3.67 to 3.94; (5) Very high: Average score from above 3.94 to 5.00.
Table 10. Level of willingness of young people to comply with helmet wearing regulations when driving motorbikes
TT
Helmet regulations | Readiness to implement (%) | Average score | Standard deviation | |||||
Not ready | Ready 1 small part | Half ready, half not | Ready 1 large portion | Ready | ||||
1. | Wear a helmet obligatory | 0.0 | 9.4 | 53.7 | 31.0 | 5.9 | 3.33 | 0.73 |
2. | Helmet must ensure quality standards | 0.0 | 12.4 | 54.4 | 27.5 | 5.7 | 3.26 | 0.75 |
3. | Helmet must be fastened properly specification | 0.0 | 10.9 | 54.6 | 27.7 | 6.8 | 3.30 | 0.76 |
Shared | 3.30 | 0.70 | ||||||
Notes on the level: (1) Very low: Average score from 0 to 2.86; (2) Low: Average score from above 2.86 to 3.13; (3) Average: Average score from above 3.13
Table 11. Level of agreement of young people with speed regulations
TT
Speed Regulations | Level of agreement (%) | Average score | Standard deviation | |||||
Disagree | Agree 1 part small | Half agree | Agree 1 part big | Agree | ||||
1. | In the area densely populated | 0.0 | 2.6 | 78.4 | 14.4 | 4.6 | 3.21 | 0.56 |
2. | Outside densely populated areas | 0.0 | 3.1 | 77.3 | 14.6 | 5.0 | 3.22 | 0.58 |
3. | According to the conditions of bridge, road, traffic density information, terrain, weather | 0.0 | 2.6 | 72.1 | 17.0 | 8.3 | 3.31 | 0.66 |
4. | In some cases according to regulations | 0.0 | 1.3 | 78.6 | 11.6 | 8.5 | 3.27 | 0.63 |
Shared | 3.25 | 0.49 | ||||||
Notes on the level: (1) Very low: Average score from 0 to 2.86; (2) Low: Average score from above 2.86 to 3.13; (3) Medium: Average score from above 3.13 to 3.67; (4) High: Average score from above 3.67 to 3.94; (5) Very high: Average score from above 3.94 to 5.00.
Table 12. Willingness to comply with maximum speed regulations
of young people when driving motorbikes
TT
Regulations on maximum speed for motorbikes | Willingness to comply (%) | Average score | Standard deviation | |||||
Not ready | Ready 1 small part | Half ready, half Are not | Ready 1 most of | Ready | ||||
1. | In densely populated areas | 0.0 | 6.1 | 27.7 | 43.2 | 22.9 | 3.83 | 0.85 |
2. | Outside densely populated areas | 0.0 | 10.9 | 37.3 | 39.7 | 12.0 | 3.53 | 0.84 |
Shared | 3.68 | 0.78 | ||||||
Notes on the level: (1) Very low: Average score from 0 to 2.86; (2) Low: Average score from above 2.86 to 3.13; (3) Average: Average score from above 3.13 to 3.67; (4) High: Average score from above 3.67 to 3.94; (5) Very high: Average score from above 3.86 to 3.13; (6)
average from 3.94 to 5.00.
13
Table 13. Level of agreement of young people with the regulation prohibiting the use of phones and audio devices (except hearing aids) while driving a motorbike
TT
Regulations on using phones and audio devices (except hearing aids) while driving a motorbike | Level of agreement (%) | Average score | Standard deviation | |||||
Disagree | Agree 1 small part | Half agree | Agree 1 most of | Agree | ||||
1. | No electricity mobile phone | 0.0 | 70.3 | 23.1 | 5.7 | 0.9 | 2.37 | 0.63 |
2. | Prohibition of use of audio equipment, except for assistant | 72.9 | 27.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.27 | 0.45 |
Shared | 1.82 | 0.46 | ||||||
Notes on the level: (1) Very low: Average score from 0 to 2.86; (2) Low: Average score from above 2.86 to 3.13; (3) Medium: Average score from above 3.13 to 3.67; (4) High: Average score from above 3.67 to 3.94; (5) Very high: Average score from above 3.94 to 5.00.
Table 14. Level of willingness of young people to comply with regulations prohibiting the use of phones and audio devices (except hearing aids) while driving motorbikes
TT
Regulations on using phones and audio devices (except hearing aids) while driving a motorbike | Willingness to comply (%) | Average score | Standard deviation | |||||
Not ready | Ready 1 small part | Half ready, half not | Ready 1 large portion | Ready | ||||
1. | No electricity mobile phone | 23.4 | 50.7 | 26.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.03 | 0.70 |
2. | Prohibition of use of equipment audio, except hearing aids | 48.3 | 39.7 | 12.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.64 | 0.69 |
Shared | 1.83 | 0.62 | ||||||
Notes on the level: (1) Very low: Average score from 0 to 2.86; (2) Low: Average score from above 2.86 to 3.13; (3) Medium: Average score from above 3.13 to 3.67; (4) High: Average score from above 3.67 to 3.94; (5) Very high: Average score from above 3.94 to 5.00.
Table 15. Level of agreement of young people with regulations on compliance
traffic light signal
TT
Regulations on traffic light compliance | Level of agreement (%) | Average score | Standard deviation | |||||
Disagree | Agree 1 small part | Half agree | Agree 1 most of | Agree | ||||
1. | Yellow light: must stop before the stop line, unless otherwise instructed. If you go past the stop line, you can go. | 0.0 | 17.3 | 52.2 | 26.8 | 3.7 | 3.17 | 0.75 |
2. | Flashing yellow light: you can go but you must slow down, pay attention and give way to traffic. regulations | 0.0 | 14.6 | 48.5 | 33.6 | 3.3 | 3.26 | 0.74 |
3. | Red light: no go | 0.0 | 8.7 | 65.1 | 16.2 | 10.0 | 3.28 | 0.76 |
Shared | 3.23 | 0.64 | ||||||
Notes on levels:
(1) Very low: Average score from 0 to 2.86;
(2) Low: Average score from above 2.86 to 3.13;
(3) Average: Average score from above 3.13 to 3.67;
(4) High: Average score from 3.67 to 3.94;
(5) Very high: Average score from above 3.94 to 5.00.