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Current situation and solutions for sustainable tourism development in Thien Cam beach tourist area - Ha Tinh - 1


INTRODUCTION


1. Reason for choosing the topic


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In recent decades, tourism has become a major economic sector, occupying an important position in many countries on a global scale.

Nowadays, due to the general economic development along with the population explosion all over the world, the excessive urbanization process has greatly affected people's lives. Besides the positive impacts that the above factors bring to people, there are many negative impacts that people have to suffer such as: natural disasters, environmental pollution, stress... Therefore, tourism activities are increasingly becoming an objective necessity of people.

Current situation and solutions for sustainable tourism development in Thien Cam beach tourist area - Ha Tinh - 1

Sea tourism is a type of tourism that has developed early and is one of the most dominant types of tourism in the world. Sea tourism has developed very richly and diversely with many types of tourist attractions. Every year, sea tourism has brought many economic and social benefits to coastal countries. Therefore, sustainable sea tourism development is a need and goal for economic and social development of many countries around the world.

Ha Tinh is a coastal province in the Central region. Ha Tinh's tourism resources are not many but quite diverse and rich with natural tourism resources and human tourism resources that are very favorable for tourism development, but the current situation has not been promoted. Although the area is narrow in width, the East

Ha Tinh has a 137km long coastline with many beautiful beaches serving tourism development. Thien Cam is one of the beaches in our country that still retains its pristine beauty and is the most beautiful beach in Ha Tinh province. However, due to poor infrastructure, slow economic development, and low living standards, Thien Cam beach tourism is not yet known to many people and has not developed commensurate with its potential. If invested and exploited properly, Thien Cam beach tourism will certainly be highly effective and become a famous tourism brand. At the same time, it is necessary to have an orientation for the development of Thien Cam beach tourism.


Hold a sustainable way to harmoniously resolve the relationship between conservation and development in tourism activities here.

As a son of Ha Tinh, with the desire to effectively develop Thien Cam beach tourism in a sustainable direction, I chose the topic "Current situation and solutions for sustainable tourism development in Thien Cam beach tourism area - Ha Tinh" as my graduation thesis topic.

2. Research purpose


Find out the current status of socio-economic activities taking place at Thien Cam beach tourist area and its impacts on the surrounding environment of the area.

Proposing solutions to contribute to sustainable tourism development at Thien Cam beach tourist area.

3. Research object and scope


Research object: Tourism activities in Thien Cam beach area

Research scope: Thien Cam tourist area in the last 5 years 2006-

2010

4. Research methods

Method of collecting and processing documents: To have sufficient information, I searched and collected documents related to the research problem, then compared and selected, and compiled them into systematic and reliable data.

Sociological statistical method: To get information about the issue of interest, I conducted a survey using a questionnaire for the people as well as tourists and those working in the tourism industry at the research location. This result will give me a more objective view of the issue of interest.

Field survey method: I went to the research site to have a more accurate and complete view of the current state of tourism activities at Thien Cam beach resort. During the survey, I had the opportunity to compare and supplement


much necessary information for my thesis. On that basis, I propose reasonable and feasible solutions.

Expert method: To have accurate assessments and comments, I have consulted experts in relevant fields.

5. Structure of the thesis

In addition to the Introduction, Conclusion, Appendix and references, the thesis content includes 3 chapters:

Chapter 1: Theoretical basis of sustainable tourism development


Chapter 2: Current status of tourism activities at Thien Cam beach tourist area


Chapter 3: Some solutions for sustainable tourism development in Thien Cam beach tourist area


CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BASIS OF MARINE TOURISM AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

1.1. General overview of sea tourism


1.1.1. Concept


Sea tourism is one of the types of tourism that takes place to satisfy people's need to return to nature. Nature here is the landscapes of the sea and islands, beaches and sandbanks, marine ecosystems, climate and the world of creatures in the ocean such as: corals, algae, sea anemones, fish, plankton...

Sea tourism meets the needs and desires of people to return to nature and be close to nature. The main purpose of sea tourism is to satisfy the needs of rest, relaxation, entertainment, exploration and discovery to enrich life and restore a sense of joy and comfort to people after stressful working days.

Beach tourism is very suitable for weekend vacations and is chosen by many tourists because this is a type of comprehensive and diverse entertainment activities, rich in products and services. Choosing beach tourism, tourists will be able to visit the sea and participate in sea sports activities such as: swimming, rolling in the sea, exploring the ocean floor, surfing... and other types of entertainment.

Exploiting marine tourism will exploit the advantages of natural tourism resources. Marine tourism combined with coastal cultural tourism creates a diversity of tourism products to meet the needs of visitors. Therefore, marine tourism has a rapid growth rate and is one of the types that attracts the largest number of visitors compared to other types of tourism.


Characteristic


Sea tourism has some of the following characteristics:


Seasonality: For coastal areas with four distinct seasons, sea tourism often develops most strongly in the summer, at which time the number of visitors to sea tourism is very large, leading to overload, environmental pollution, poor service quality, and failure to satisfy the consumption needs of tourists. On the contrary, in the winter, there are not many visitors to this type of tourism, the human resources serving the labor force are unemployed, and technical facilities are left idle for a long time. This causes a waste of resources, significantly affecting the quality of technical facilities.

Greatly dependent on climate and weather: Sea tourism is associated with nature, landscapes of islands and seas, beaches. Therefore, unusual weather phenomena have a great impact on tourism activities such as: storms, tsunamis, droughts.

…affecting tourists' psychology, hindering tourism development, causing heavy losses in technical facilities.

1.1.2. Development trends


Nowadays, sea tourism is developing strongly, there are many natural resources and beautiful seas in the world, so people never get bored when visiting and exploring beautiful beaches.

Although sea tourism has become very familiar, the values ​​of sea and island resources have never lost their attractive and alluring beauty. If human tourism resources attract tourists by their diverse traditions, sea tourism resources attract tourists by the fresh air and the diverse vitality of the ocean floor.

Sea tourism has many advantages to develop more strongly than other types of tourism. But it faces some major obstacles such as high seasonality, great dependence on natural conditions and unusual weather phenomena. Economists


Tourism businesses are looking for solutions to limit this disadvantage of sea tourism.

Nowadays, sea tourism tends to reduce its dependence on natural conditions. In addition to the long-standing forms of tourism such as vacations and swimming, there are now many new forms of tourism such as scuba diving, windsurfing and sea sports activities. And to extend the tourist season, there have been a series of planning projects to build coastal areas, islands, marine eco-tourism areas, and beach resorts with full amenities and a variety of products and services to meet the needs of tourists.

Thus, sea tourism is increasingly demonstrating its diversity and attractiveness to tourists.

1.2. General overview of sustainable development and sustainable tourism


1.2.1. The concept of “sustainable development”


Development is considered a growth process that includes many different economic, political, cultural, social factors... Development is an inevitable natural trend of the material world in general and of human society in particular. Socio-economic development is the process of improving the material and spiritual living conditions of people through the development of productive forces, production relations, and the enhancement of community cultural values.

In addition to social benefits and improving living conditions for people, development activities have been depleting resources and causing negative impacts on environmental degradation. Faced with this reality, people realize that resources are not infinite and cannot be exploited arbitrarily. Because if this process is not controlled, it will not only lead to the depletion of environmental resources but also cause an imbalance in the ecosystem, causing serious environmental consequences, directly affecting the development of society.


through many generations…From this awareness emerged a new concept of development activities, which is “Sustainable Development”.

The theory of “Sustainable Development” first appeared in 1980 in the publication World Conservation Strategy (published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources - IUCN) with very simple content: “Human development cannot only focus on economic development but must also respect the essential needs of society and the impact on the ecological environment”.

This concept was popularized in 1987 in the Brundtland Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development – ​​WCED (now the Brundtland Commission). This report clearly stated: “Sustainable development is development that can meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs…”. In other words, sustainable development must ensure effective economic development, social equity and environmental protection and preservation. To achieve this, all economic and social components, authorities, social organizations… must join hands to achieve the goal of harmonizing the three main areas: economic - social - environmental.

The concept of “Sustainable Development” was known in Vietnam around the late 80s and early 90s. Although it appeared in Vietnam quite late, it was soon manifested at many levels. The issues of sustainable development in our country have been specified in documents. Most importantly: In the political report at the 8th National Party Congress in 1980, the aspect of “Ecological environment and rational use of resources as an inseparable component of sustainable development” was officially mentioned.

Directive No. 36/CT of the Politburo dated June 25, 1998 also identified the goals and basic viewpoints for sustainable development, focusing mainly on environmental protection activities.


The Resolution of the 9th Congress of the Communist Party of Vietnam has determined the development strategy of our country in the next 20 years as: "Rapid, effective and sustainable development of economic growth associated with cultural development, gradually improving the material and spiritual life of the people, implementing social progress and justice, protecting and improving the environment"... "Reasonably and economically using resources, protecting and improving the environment, conserving biodiversity, considering this as the content of strategies, planning, plans, programs and projects for socio-economic development"

Thus, “sustainable development” is the process of development that does not degrade or exhaust the resources that are the basis for development. This can be achieved through the management of resources so that they can be restored at the same rate as they are used, in such a way that the resources can meet the needs of present and future generations. Thus, sustainable development requires that resources be developed and used in an integrated manner. This requires taking into account the broad objectives of the country, regional differences in capital, income, the influence of one sector or industry on another, and the impacts of one region on another.

1.2.2. The concept of “sustainable tourism development”


The concept of “sustainable tourism development” is inseparable from the concept of “sustainable development”. Since the 1980s, when issues of sustainable development began to be mentioned and researched, many scientific studies have been conducted to present aspects of tourism impact related to sustainable tourism development.

Tourism is a comprehensive economic sector with a clear resource orientation and the development of tourism is closely linked to the environment. Therefore, the central task of these studies is to explain the need to ensure the integrity of the ecological environment and cultural values ​​while carrying out activities.

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