Viewpoints, Goals, Tasks and Methods of Organizing Physical Education

We have determined: "Education is the top national policy - the driving force for development" , therefore, "investment in education is investment for development" [5].

Realizing the importance of physical education for students, many universities not only fully implement the regulations of the Ministry of Education and Training on physical education content but also creatively apply them on the basis of innovation and develop new learning content to suit the specific conditions of each school. That has contributed significantly to improving the physical strength and quality of physical education for students and has attracted the attention of many scientists inside and outside the education sector [17], [22], [28], [29], [34], [43].

In the process of implementing the Party and State's policy of socializing physical education and sports, the above advantages of physical education in schools have affirmed that schools are strategic locations and students are the decisive force for the success of the cause of socializing physical education and sports nationwide. However, physical education in schools still reveals some basic shortcomings, limiting the effectiveness in the process of educating students in general and in physical education in particular [58], [62], [69], [87].

For universities and colleges, Vocational Education is not really linked to the needs of developing students' professional capacity. The program content and training organization form are not attractive and do not promote their positivity and self-awareness in the learning and training process.

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Basically, the content of the physical education subject in schools is not designed and built based on the health conditions, gender, strengths and physical fitness level of students; learners do not have many choices for sports and training forms suitable to their needs and conditions; assessment criteria are determined uniformly (except for the group with poor health), so for many students, the physical education subject becomes a "burden" in the learning process.

Along with the trend of innovation in university training, the work of Vocational Education is aiming to contribute to improving the professional capacity of students after graduation. Therefore, Vocational Education with "vocational characteristics" is currently the main activity in research on innovation in content and form; Vocational Education is not only for health but also aims to equip learners with the capacity and need for self-training and lifelong training; aiming to contribute to training knowledge and skills for professional activities [55], [67].

Physical education at university level must become an aspect of vocational training, the product is not only purely physical, but also a component of vocational capacity for students. That requires the school system to create all opportunities and conditions to innovate physical education as a component of vocational training programs, with clear vocational functions and career orientation [28], [67].

1.2.2. The Party and State's viewpoints on educational innovation

The basic orientation of university education innovation is to shift from serving the requirements and activities in a centrally planned economy to meeting the requirements and activities in a socialist-oriented market economy, under the management of the State. The Party has determined that only innovation in education, training and science and technology can accelerate the economic development process and quickly bring our country out of the ranks of poor countries. University education is considered the basis for breakthroughs, while at the same time seeking cooperation, learning, and absorbing the science and technology of advanced countries. That requires university training activities to innovate for international integration; innovate towards meeting social needs; innovate towards activating the learning process of students; innovate to form the self-study capacity for the future workforce, capable of lifelong self-study [3], [7], [8].

Innovation for international integration: Economic globalization is an objective trend, attracting more and more countries to participate, while also putting underdeveloped countries in front of new challenges and new opportunities. The globalization trend has created opportunities for underdeveloped countries, including Vietnam, to access developed education, allowing the implementation of the policy of multilateralization of science and technology education and training with the world, with the ability to exploit advanced science and technology achievements of countries around the world. In the face of the international integration trend, our Party has stated: "Entering the 21st century, the world has undergone many changes, science and technology will make a leap forward. The knowledge economy plays an increasingly prominent role in the process of developing productive forces" [5].

Currently, with the development of education and training, the number of highly qualified workers in the world is increasing, and at the same time, the number of occupations requiring high qualifications is also increasing. To adapt to globalization and the knowledge-based economy, the Party and the State have highly appreciated the role of education and training and have built priority policies focusing on the development of education, considering: "educational development is the top national policy, investment in education is investment in development", while emphasizing that "education and training must both ensure the preservation and promotion of national cultural identity and absorb the cultural quintessence of humanity" [9], [10], [11], [19].

Training innovation towards meeting social needs: Innovation in higher education must ensure practicality, efficiency, and meet the needs of labor use. The 10th National Party Congress (2006) determined the direction and measures for innovation in higher education in Vietnam must be "associated with use, directly serving training to transform labor structure, developing high-quality human resources, especially leading experts" [6]. Human resource training has been posing urgent requirements: both equipping

new knowledge and skills, changing technology and methods, schools move from closed training to open, dialogue with society, closely linked to scientific research - technology and application.

Innovating training to actively promote students' learning process, forming self-study and lifelong self-learning capacity: Actively promoting students' learning process is a fundamental change in the organization of training activities, truly placing students in the position of the subject of learning activities, both creating conditions and requiring students to actively acquire and seek knowledge. It is a process of training and practicing students' habits and self-study capacity, preparing them with the potential to self-develop their qualifications throughout their professional work.

Therefore, university education is not only a process of imparting and acquiring knowledge, but also a process of training professional capacity, ensuring that students can adapt to the requirements of practical labor after graduation. Create conditions for students to see the results of their own learning and work, stimulating their responsibility for their own future. Training content and knowledge system must give students confidence in the knowledge they themselves must acquire. That must be modern knowledge, updated with practical labor, creating for students the capacity to effectively carry out professional activities. Therefore, building and designing the program does not start from the content that teachers and schools have available, but from the knowledge and skills required by practical labor. The process of activating students is also the process of actively and proactively seeking and perfecting new knowledge of teachers and the university education system. It is necessary to ensure consistency in training activities: between method innovation and conditions to meet the requirements of method innovation; between source of documents and students' need for self-study and self-search for knowledge; between innovation requirements and growth in qualifications of each lecturer.

The value of learning activities not only becomes the private property of each individual but also the property and labor achievement of the whole society, and is the driving force for social development. Therefore, improving the quality of teaching and learning activities becomes the goal of teachers and students in each school to improve the "quality" and "quantity" of the achieved value. Teaching and learning methods in the direction of activating learners are the way and path to develop those values right in the training process and in self-training activities. Like the program, innovation in teaching methods is both an inevitable trend of university development and a consequence of the innovation process to ensure the consistency and logic of the education system. However, it is necessary to understand that "active teaching and learning" does not exist as an independent method, a newly discovered method. It is the integration and development in the direction of activating learners on the basis of existing methods. That is to say, activating learners is a trend to apply and develop teaching methods, ensuring the educational process is highly effective [10], [12], [16], [17].

1.2.3. Viewpoints, goals, tasks and methods of organizing Physical Education

Opinion

Strengthening physical education in schools is contributing to the implementation of the Party's viewpoint stated in the documents of the National Party Congress: Building a national strategy on improving the health and stature of Vietnamese people, increasing life expectancy and improving the quality of the race. Strengthening the physical strength of Vietnamese youth. Developing physical education and sports in schools is practically contributing to human resource development; Linking physical improvement with intelligence, mental strength and skills. Combining sectors and levels; Combining the State with society, schools, families.

Families together take care of developing school sports, nutrition and lifestyle for students [5], [6], [7], [15], [19], [75].

Create a clear change in physical education and school sports combined with nutritional care and lifestyle for students to develop physical strength and human stature.

Improve the quality of teaching and learning physical education: Improve the content and teaching methods in the direction of combining physical education with recreational activities, focusing on students' optional needs. Synchronously combine physical education programs with national defense education; school health with school nutrition [15], [17], [19].

Developing extracurricular sports activities: Building various types of school sports clubs; encouraging students to spend 2-3 hours/week participating in extracurricular sports activities in clubs and sports talent classes; Building and developing semi-centralized and centralized sports talent schools and classes. Consolidating and developing the recreational sports competition system (focusing on beach sports) and ethnic sports suitable for each level of education, each region and locality [39], [54].

Strengthening the training of physical education teachers and the professional development of extracurricular activities for physical education collaborators [13], [25], [33]. Issuing mechanisms, policies, training, and standardizing the team of physical education teachers and instructors [33]. Strengthening the direction and implementation of planning for educational training facilities with facilities that meet school physical education activities according to national standards [79].

Promote the mobilization of social resources to invest in building facilities, training equipment and tools in educational and training establishments. Support for facilities, training equipment and sports instructors.

for educational institutions in ethnic minority and mountainous areas with difficulties according to State regulations; mobilize and encourage social organizations and enterprises to participate in sponsoring sports competitions in schools [74], [93].

Conduct surveys on the current state of school sports, the current state of physical development and health of students every 10 years. Closely coordinate with the implementation of the overall project on physical development and stature of Vietnamese people in the period 2011-2030 and integrate with other current programs such as health education, lifestyle, and building friendly schools [75].

Objectives: Develop students' physical strength, especially general endurance; Make the most of each student's genetic potential to develop physical height; Provide knowledge and skills for students to ensure active lifelong physical activity; Improve spiritual life, satisfy the physical and recreational needs of lecturers and students; Help students be confident in life and enhance life skills and build a friendly school, active students [76].

Tasks: Civic education work in universities aims to solve the following three basic tasks:

Educate students about Vietnamese ethics and personality. Cultivate team spirit, sense of organization and discipline, dynamism and creativity in studying, build a healthy life, ready to build and protect the socialist Vietnamese homeland.

Forming and perfecting basic motor skills and techniques of some sports and equipping students with specialized knowledge such as basic theories of sports training and competition, equipping them with knowledge

It is necessary to use means and methods of physical education for self-study and to be able to organize guidance for everyone.

Develop a harmonious and balanced body, strengthen and enhance health, develop physical qualities prescribed by the country according to age [76].

How to organize Civic Education: Civic Education subject according to the new orientation takes place in two basic forms [46], [68], [77].

Regular class hours: Is the most basic form of physical education conducted in the school's study plan. Because of the basic physical and sports training for students, first of all, there must be appropriate content to develop physical qualities and motor coordination for students. At the same time, help them have a certain level to absorb sports movement techniques.

The main goal of basic physical and sports training in schools is: "Promoting the process of training students' ability to achieve physical and sports achievements, developing physical qualities, developing psychological capacity, creating awareness of regular physical training, educating students on basic virtues and humanity"...

Therefore, the official physical education and sports hours are administrative and legal regulations for students and teaching staff. That is, the hours according to the program have prescribed time and quality assessment standards, which are introduced from kindergarten, then taught according to the program at all levels up to university.

Extracurricular hours - extracurricular sports practice : Is the training process of a group of students who have the need and interest in their free time with the aim of developing physical capacity comprehensively, while improving students' sports achievements. Extracurricular hours aim to consolidate and complete the main lessons and are conducted during students' self-study hours.

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