In which: Total cost includes initial investment cost + annual operation and maintenance cost.
In the case of landfilling hazardous solid waste, the cost of closing the landfill and the cost of monitoring, warranty, and maintenance of the landfill for a certain period of time after the landfill is closed must also be taken into account.
Recoveries include:
- Revenue from the sale of recycled materials (solvents, lubricants, metals...);
- Revenue from electricity sales;
- Waste treatment fees are paid by waste source owners.
This is a formula for calculating the cost of hazardous waste treatment based on the calculation and allocation of costs during the construction and operation of the treatment system. It will help businesses determine the correct price of their treatment services and at the same time help managers control the prices and service quality of treatment units, avoiding these units lowering the treatment cost too low to attract customers and then dumping waste directly into the environment.
+ Complete regulations on hazardous solid waste management in industrial parks; unify regulations with specific provisions in the Law on Environmental Protection; Investment Law... The Law on Environmental Protection and guiding documents on industrial park management need to have regulations showing the responsibilities of relevant parties in the transportation and treatment of hazardous solid waste in industrial parks and industrial clusters.
+ Complete regulations on hazardous waste treatment in industrial parks. In particular, emphasize the continued issuance of circulars guiding the order of handling cases related to hazardous solid waste treatment in the industrial park system; define responsibilities between parties in the solid waste treatment process as well as standards of waste source owners; transportation and treatment. Therefore, the promulgated legal regulations must take into account the characteristics of industrial parks.
+ Solutions to improve state management capacity on environmental protection: Currently, Lang Son province has issued a resolution on Strengthening Environmental Protection in the province for the period 2016 - 2020, creating a basis for mechanisms and policies for environmental protection activities. Regarding environmental protection at production and business establishments, the resolution has set the following basic goals: 100% of industrial parks and 20% of industrial clusters in operation have centralized wastewater treatment systems that meet environmental standards; handle 100% of establishments causing serious environmental pollution in the province. Accordingly, the basic solutions that need to be implemented include:
- The Department of Natural Resources and Environment shall preside over and coordinate to improve the quality of appraisal and approval of environmental impact assessment reports, especially in the appraisal of solutions to limit pollution of wastewater and compliance monitoring programs; strengthen the urging and supervision of investors after the environmental impact assessment report is approved and be responsible for environmental issues of projects in industrial parks and clusters;
- Complete the legal document system on wastewater pollution management, industrial hazardous waste, overcome overlaps and gaps. Develop specific and clear procedures on responsibilities and powers of the Environmental Police force, coordination with other agencies such as: Inspectorate, Department of Environmental Protection, City Department of Natural Resources and Environment; sanctions for violations.
It is necessary to focus on promoting information, propaganda, raising awareness and consciousness of the community, investors, and enterprises on environmental protection and pollution control. The Law on Environmental Protection, decrees and circulars related to the field of wastewater management and treatment need to focus on propaganda and training. The training content is detailed in the following table:
Table 4.9. Training content for environmental staff
Text type
Content | |
Environmental Protection Law School 2014 No. 55/2014/QH13 | Effective from January 1, 2015, replacing the 2005 Law on Environmental Protection |
Decree No. 38/2015/ND-CP | About Waste and Scrap Management |
Decree 18/2015/ND-CP | Regulations on environmental protection planning, strategic environmental assessment, environmental impact assessment and environmental protection plan |
Decree 155/2016/ND-CP | Government: Regulations on administrative sanctions for violations in the field of environmental protection replacing Decree 179/2013/ND-CP & 81/2006/ND-CP with the level Penalties increased many times effective from 01/02/2017 |
Decree 154/2016/ND-CP | Regulations on fee-paying subjects, fee-exempt cases, fee payers, collection levels, declaration, payment, management and use of environmental protection fees for wastewater |
Decree 127/2014/ND-CP December 31, 2014 | Regulations on conditions for organizations operating environmental monitoring services; |
Circular No. 36/2015/TT- BTNMT | About hazardous waste management |
Circular 35/2015/TT- BTNMT | Circular guiding environmental protection in economic zones, industrial parks, export processing zones, and high-tech zones |
Circular | Circular guiding on environmental assessment of combat |
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27/2015/TT-BTNMT
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On environmental protection of industrial clusters, concentrated business and service zones, craft villages and production, business and service establishments
National technical regulations on hazardous waste thresholds and current standards and regulations
- Regularly monitor and collect information. Develop a network of collaborators and people, promptly detect violations. Build partnerships, join hands to protect public health and the environment, and protect the rights and fairness of law-abiding businesses, in addition to resolutely handling violations.
- For the Management Board of industrial parks and infrastructure investors: In the Decision of the People's Committee of Lang Son province on the functions, tasks, powers and organizational structure of the Management Board of industrial parks of Lang Son, the responsibility for environmental management has been assigned. To improve the effectiveness of pollution control and environmental improvement, some solutions need to be focused on, including:
- For the Department of Planning and Investment and the Management Board of provincial industrial parks, strictly implement regulations on environmental protection in investment approval, in accordance with the functional zoning plan and the capacity to receive and treat wastewater of industrial parks and clusters; focus on attracting projects using clean, environmentally friendly technology; do not approve projects using outdated technology and high energy consumption;
- For the Department of Science and Technology, coordinate in appraising technology for investment projects according to regulations to eliminate old, outdated technology, technology prohibited from transfer, technology causing environmental pollution and be responsible for the appraisal content. Review and build a list of invested projects in industrial parks. Build a list of investment incentive projects in the direction of only accepting projects with modern, high-tech or less polluting production technology; Projects applying cleaner production technology, environmentally friendly technology;
- For the Department of Construction, review, adjust and supplement approved construction-related plans, clarify environmental protection contents and each environmental protection project; review and inspect compliance with detailed construction plans for large investment projects that have an impact on the environment; provide guidance on norms and costs for environmental protection in the total investment of construction projects. Strengthen inspection and take responsibility for the implementation of environmental protection regulations in construction licensing.
- For the Department of Industry and Trade to develop an investment project to build a centralized wastewater treatment system in industrial clusters in the province;
- For the provincial police, strengthen the fight against and prevention of environmental crimes, strictly handle violations, especially for establishments and enterprises with large sources of emissions, high risk of environmental pollution, and serious violations of environmental protection;
- For the City People's Committee to improve the quality of environmental protection plan confirmation; strengthen inspection, examination and supervision of the implementation of the Environmental Protection Plan. Annually review, count and manage facilities in the area that are subject to environmental procedures according to regulations. The Chairman of the City People's Committee is fully responsible for environmental issues in the city.
- Environmental inspection, testing and monitoring solutions:
+ In the immediate future, it is necessary to supplement human resources, regularly organize training courses on technology, monitoring and sampling skills, and improve the management quality of specialized staff. Invest in field equipment for environmental monitoring activities, enhance capacity for inspection and examination of the implementation of environmental protection policies and laws. Actively use communication tools, regularly coordinate with radio and television stations in propaganda work, and raise people's awareness of environmental protection;
+ Periodically and suddenly inspect and monitor the compliance with environmental protection laws of production and business establishments in the area. Strictly handle and impose heavy fines on factories and production establishments that do not comply with the provisions of the Law on Environmental Protection or conceal, causing difficulties in inspection work. Comply with the requirements for public disclosure and transparency of information on environmental quality. Specifically, coordinate between agencies (police, tax, clean water supply, electricity supply, waste collection units), and the community to determine and assess the authenticity of environmental information;
+ Develop programs and projects to enhance the capacity of environmental management staff in a long-term, systematic and methodical manner, combined with equipping appropriate means and equipment for monitoring industrial wastewater pollution, applying modern technologies in environmental monitoring, warning and detecting pollution incidents such as GIS, SCADA...;
+ Regularly check the compliance of enterprises with regulations. In addition, provide technical support to enterprises on pollution control, following the motto "prevention is better than cure";
+ Strengthen inspection, examination and strict handling of violations in the implementation of environmental protection laws, focusing on industrial parks, clusters, facilities, enterprises and production sectors with waste sources.
large, high risk of environmental pollution (fertilizers, chemicals, cement, thermal power, mineral exploitation and processing, etc.). Resolutely not allowing the operation of enterprises and production facilities that have been fined many times but have not developed a roadmap for remediation, have not built and operated a waste treatment system according to regulations... The inspection and examination of facilities must be unified between the parties of Natural Resources and Environment, the Police, the Management Board of Industrial Parks, the City People's Committee, and relevant agencies in the inspection work on environmental protection to avoid overlap, ensuring the effectiveness of this work.
- Environmental information and communication solutions:
+ It is necessary to maximize the role of economic tools in environmental management of industrial zones and clusters in the area to improve the efficiency of environmental quality improvement at the lowest cost. This is very important in the context of a lack of budget for environmental protection;
+ It is necessary to review, evaluate and adjust, and provide specific guidance on regulations on collecting environmental protection fees for wastewater to ensure feasibility and effectiveness;
+ Thoroughly grasp and effectively implement Decree 155/2016/ND-CP of the Government on handling violations of the law in the field of environmental protection, especially in applying penalties for violations of the law on environmental protection by enterprises;
+ Create preferential loan sources (loan funds, loan subjects, preferential forms, special mechanisms) for environmental protection investment projects in industrial parks and clusters;
+ Issue a price framework for environmental services as a basis for uniform implementation throughout the city, avoiding price increases and price pressure on businesses and vice versa;
+ Issue penalty mechanisms for business violations and rewards for initiatives that comply with environmental protection regulations in accordance with current regulations;
+ Urgently organize the implementation of information disclosure and grassroots democracy related to environmental protection of industrial parks and industrial clusters according to the contents specified in Articles 103, 104 and 105 of the Law on Environmental Protection;
+ Strengthen information work; ensure information; ensure information and data on industrial park environment are complete and regularly updated;
+ Publicize the environmental protection work of industrial parks, enterprises in industrial parks, as well as enterprises not located in industrial parks on mass media (newspapers, radio, electronic news sites), to create pressure on enterprises that violate and pollute the environment and to encourage and motivate enterprises that do a good job of environmental protection;
+ Establish information mechanisms, strengthen dissemination of environmental laws and regulations, build a database to manage environmental information in industrial parks;
+ Regularly organize training and guidance on the implementation of legal documents on environmental protection for investors in construction and business of technical infrastructure of the Industrial Park and factories in the Industrial Park;
+ Strengthen propaganda and dissemination of environmental protection targets and objectives of industrial parks and enterprises in industrial parks, environmentally friendly management models and technologies, the application of cleaner production, technologies to reduce environmental pollution and waste treatment in industrial parks;
CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
1. KTN
1.1. For management work
- Collection work:
Currently, hazardous waste collection is carried out by enterprises themselves, owners of hazardous waste sources and contracted units with the function of collecting and treating according to regulations. 100% of enterprises have been propagandized and instructed on collection and arrangement of areas.