usually a short yellow or pink blouse worn inside and a jacket outside
Knee-length robe. Black skirt, waistband with dragon and flower motifs. Green belt, red or white bib, white turban on head, silver bracelet or beads on wrist.
especially on the hip is a belt.
* Common people:
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They wear a dress that is more beautiful than usual, wearing inside a shirt made of coarse indigo or black fabric, the waistband of the skirt is black, the left side has simple patterns, not as elaborate as the dragon or the crane waistband that the nobility often wear. The belt is made of coarse indigo or black fabric. The bib is brown or black, the head is wrapped in a turban of coarse white fabric.
2.3.3.4. Other preparation work
Right before Tet, Lang Cun Pi assigned young men and women in Luy hamlet to do general cleaning and sweeping of the area around the temple.
The shaman personally cleaned the altar, teapots, cups, plates, bowls, incense burners ...
From early morning on the 8th day of Tet, at the house of the village headman Cun Pi, the sound of drums and gongs rang out to inform everyone. Around 6am to 7am, groups of people from hamlets ¶ i, Lam, Luy ... gathered at the Temple.
2.3. Traditional Khai Ha festival performance
2.3.1. Offerings in festivals
- Organizing ceremonies
The ceremony is held at the Temple of the City God. The shaman is in charge of the ceremony.
After completing the ceremony and arranging everything in the temple, Mr. Mo, Lang, and all the people in the area went to receive the National Mother's ball.
Hoang Ba and Tam Vi Tan Vien Son Thanh from the bank of Lo stream - where the Queen Mother Hoang Ba ascended to heaven, about 2 km from the temple.
The procession formation is as follows: The shaman leads the way, followed by the flag team.
Next is the octet troupe, next is the gong team, and finally the palanquin team.
Behind the palanquin were officials, dignitaries and people.
During the procession, gongs and drums and the shaman troupe always played in harmony. When they arrived, two flower mats were spread out on the stream bank; on the first mat, there was a
The betel and areca tray was shaped like a phoenix wing; the palanquin was placed on the second mat, the procession lined up on both sides. Then the shaman lit incense, prayed to invite the National Mother Hoang Ba and the Three Saints of Tan Vien Mountain to attend the Khai Ha ceremony with the villagers. The content of the prayer is summarized as follows:
“Today, is the ... day of the ... month of the ... year , I am ... on behalf of the people of Muong Bi village, inviting the Queen Mother and the Three Saints of Tan Vien Mountain to attend the ceremony with the villagers.”
After praying, the shaman proceeds to ask for a stick (ask for yin and yang), the stick is made from a piece of bamboo - only the one with 3 tips is chosen as the stick, about 3cm long, 0.8cm wide, on the stick is engraved a line marking the left and right sides to show the moon and the sun. The reason the bamboo must have 3 tips is because it symbolizes the 3 levels of the universe: the underworld, the earth, and heaven.
When he asked to throw the paper, he held the paper in his right hand and the paper fan in his left hand. While throwing, he asked the Queen Mother if she had arrived yet. If she had, he would give her 2 heads and 1 tail. When he looked at the paper and saw that it was correct, it proved that the Queen Mother had arrived.
When an incense stick burns out, the shaman continues to ask the spirits to invite them back to the temple. When the request to the spirits is accepted, the shaman bows three times, and everyone in attendance follows suit. Next, the shaman carries a tray of betel and areca nuts, places it on a palanquin, offers it to the temple, and then begins to pray.
The steps are as follows:
First, the shaman sits next to his offering tray and begins to invite the gods. During the process, the shaman bows and the participants also bow. After finishing his offering tray, the shaman stands up and continues to worship on the upper tray. While worshiping, he gently fans himself according to the prayer.
- Funeral Oration
*Part 1: Invite the gods to come to the temple, the prayer is as follows:
“ ... Ha ... the sacred, the sacred, the month of change ... I clasp my hands and bow, I bow
Today this day
Good night, bright day, good month, good day
Central human house, village.
In Tan Lac and Muong Bi districts, they established a palace, a palanquin, a temple, and a church.
Build a beautiful house, a large house, the incense burner is ready
The dog is enough
Want to take the King, three because of the King's son, the King's son, the Queen Mother
Mother Goddess Hoang Ba Vua Cun, King Hai in the mountain temple, Nang temple
good luck , good fortune
in the mountains
On a high bed, wide reflection, on the holy mountain
Turn your feet back, left foot back in the palanquin house collapse, temple, church
To be protected by the fence
Take the central people, Muong Ban
ë Muong Bi, Tan Lac
Here pray for what you want and get it ...
*Part 2: Inviting the gods to dinner
" ... Ha ... holy month, holy month I clasp my hands and bow to you all
All present
Please sit down at the table, there is a place for me to sit too.
We have a tray to eat together
There is good wine in the jar Poured into silver cups
Pour into rows of golden cups Raise your cups and let's drink together Drink one cup at a time Drink until your skin and flesh turn red Turn to the tray and table Hold chopsticks in your right hand
Hold the bowl in your left hand and pick up the deer meat.
Tam Lao fragrant rice bowl Invites you to eat
Please drink
Please eat from the bottom up.
Eat from top to bottom. You eat with love. You eat with memory.
And bless the people of Muong Bi Ra with a good new year.
Happy New Year my child
Eat to make
The villagers are prosperous, every family is well fed and warm, they have sons to continue the family line, they have daughters to continue the family line.
To celebrate annual holidays
Villagers' children
Worship them ... ”
When Mr. Mo invited them to eat and drink, only Lang's family was there.
allowed to burn incense in the temple.
Steps to take after the ceremony:
When the tray is lowered, it is divided as follows:
A tray of food on the upper table and a tray of raw meat are divided for Mr. Mo. One tray is for the person organizing the ceremony (lang, âu).
A tray for the person offering rice (the family was given land by the village chief to grow Tam Lao rice to offer rice on the holiday).
The remaining trays were happily eaten by the attendees at the ceremony.
During the meal, the upper classes such as the Lang, the Au, and the Mo were allowed to sit and eat in the temple. Hunters and commoners had to open their rice packages along with the food trays that were divided into portions in front of the temple in the temple yard. If they did not finish eating all the meat, they could share it and take it home.
Before eating, the shaman, the doctor, and the boys were allowed to drink rice wine first and last.
Then it was everyone's turn to drink. They drank and sang normally, sang in response, drank about 3 or 4 rounds of wine before eating. The party lasted for several hours.
the clock just ended
2.3.2. Games and performances in the festival
In addition to the ceremony, villagers and visitors from all over the region who come to the festival also participate in folk games such as throwing con, hitting mat, tug of war, etc. On the afternoons of the 7th and 8th, villagers organize a collective entertainment event. This is the freest, most exciting day with the most participants. Anyone who likes a game can play it.
* Shuttlecock throwing game.
The vehicle is a bamboo or apricot tree with both top and leaves, 10-15m high. The top is curved into a circle, about 40cm in diameter. The pole is also erected in an east-west direction, with a place where the word "moon" is written, with the mind of yin and yang in harmony.
The ball is made from 4 pieces of cloth dyed green, red, purple, yellow, sewn together, perhaps representing a year with 4 seasons: spring, summer, autumn, winter. The game of throwing the ball has a very profound meaning, it represents the fertility beliefs of the Muong people with the wish for growth, prosperity, and a lucky life. Inside are cotton seeds, rice seeds, and green beans, which are the main crop seeds of the Muong people here. After the game, the host divides the seeds to every house in the village for luck due to the yin and yang energy of the game.
Heaven and earth have acted. According to folk interpretation, the tossing of the ball back and forth is the act of sowing seeds when the crop season comes with the wish that the seeds will germinate well and the plants will flourish. The division into two sides, male and female, tossing back and forth is like an emotional exchange, harmony between the two sexes.
* Tug of war game
Tug of war is a game that brings a strong spirit of solidarity and collective strength. This game is very popular, for all ages, regardless of gender. Therefore, it attracts many people to join the team as well as spectators to cheer.
According to the rules of the game, the village elects a referee to supervise the game and also declare victory or defeat.
Tug of war is held on an open field about 30m long and 5-10m wide. The rope is made of jute with a diameter of about 3cm. Mark the middle of the rope 2m on each side with red and white cloth (called the boundary line on the rope). Referee
controlled by drum and gong sounds
Tug of war is a competition between teams with an equal number of people depending on the conditions, each side has from 5 to 20 people. Each match consists of 3 rounds, when starting the game, two teams stand in the direction of the water source. One team stands upstream, one team stands downstream. According to the rules, the upstream team must always win first. Then the downstream team wins.
This is just a ritual with the meaning that the people will control the water source.
to serve agricultural production, without drought or flood. From now on, the two teams play according to their strength, the team that wins the two rounds will win.
* Stick Pushing Game
Pole push is an individual competition that uses strength and technique to push people out of a circle to win.
The competition stick is made from a piece of old bamboo trunk, 2m long, 3-5cm in diameter, painted in 2 different colors, each color one meter. The tip of the stick is smoothed to have the same diameter.
A pole pushing match lasts for 3 rounds, with no time limit for each round. The winner is determined by pushing the opponent one or two feet out of the circle or making the opponent fall or having 3 points touching the ground or having the pole fall out of the hand.
* Game of cards.
The game of danh mang is organized on a large, smooth, flat, spacious land under the roofs of quiet stilt houses in the hamlet, in the village. Dong mang is the seed of a type of wild vine fruit, it is round, flat, about 3-4 cm in diameter, shiny brown, very flexible and very solid. Danh mang can be played by 2 people or
The group is divided into two teams. If the teams have an unequal number of players, the team with fewer players will send more players to play the same roles as the other team.