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The strategy of two corridors, one economic belt in Vietnam - China relations - 10

South - China", thereby pointing out the shortcomings and obstacles to the formation and development of this economic corridor and belt (chapter 2), in the trend of the new international context with advantages, difficulties, opportunities and challenges (chapter 3), some recommendations for synchronous and feasible solutions to promote the development of two corridors and one economic belt of Vietnam - China are:

3.2.1 For the Party and State:

(i) Strengthen exchanges and discussions at the highest leadership levels of the two countries to enhance mutual understanding, promote deeper cooperation, and develop together:

Vietnam-China relations in recent times have developed on the basis of increased understanding and mutual respect, which has laid a good foundation for future development. Now, in the new context of the international, regional and national situation, Vietnam-China relations have many new opportunities for development, but are also facing difficulties and challenges. Therefore, the two countries need to increase meetings, discussions and exchanges at the highest levels of national leadership to enhance mutual understanding, promptly handle difficulties, and move towards the common goal of mutual development.

In terms of perception, it is necessary to see that the long-standing friendship between the Vietnamese and Chinese peoples is an invaluable asset. Any move that harms the economy, national security and defense of the country is a huge obstacle, affecting the trust between the two ruling parties. Practice shows that when the relationship between the two countries is in an abnormally tense state, the people of the two countries are the ones who suffer. It is necessary to consider the construction of two corridors and an economic belt as a strategic issue, closely linked to the interests of the country in terms of economy, politics, society and national security and defense. In addition, the process of innovation, integration and reform and opening up that the two countries are carrying out can be seen as a completely new revolutionary cause, facing many similar problems, so this is a unique opportunity for cooperation at the national level and has an impact on the regional level.

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In terms of solutions, on the basis of the agreements reached in the Joint Statements and Joint Communiqués as well as between high-ranking leaders, relevant sectors of the two countries need to increase contact and jointly research and find solutions including short-term, medium-term and long-term to make cooperation between sectors more in-depth and more effective.

(ii) Perfecting economic institutions, moving towards unifying trade and investment institutions along economic corridors and belts:

The strategy of two corridors, one economic belt in Vietnam - China relations - 10

Continue to review laws and policies on investment and business to amend inconsistent and inconsistent contents, supplement missing contents; amend inappropriate and unclear regulations related to investment and business procedures, to create an open investment and business environment along economic corridors and belts.

In the long term, Vietnam, China and a number of countries related to the Vietnam-China economic corridor need to establish an inter-sectoral, inter-national working group to review current institutional regulations in each country, find similarities, and draft a unified investment and trade regime applicable to this economic corridor and belt, to create the most favorable conditions for economic activities in this area.

(iii) Focus on attracting investment in transport infrastructure and technical infrastructure for economic corridors and belts, considering it the highest priority goal so that the strategy of two corridors, one economic belt can soon come into reality:

The Government needs to discuss with relevant countries to build financial commitments at the regional and international levels with major international financial organizations such as ADB, WB, IMF ... to meet the huge funding source for strong investment in building the main transport infrastructure for this two-corridor, one-economic belt route, because smooth and synchronous transport infrastructure is a prerequisite for developing other economic activities along the corridor and economic belt. Each country on the economic corridor needs to have effective investment attraction policies to synchronously develop the technical infrastructure system such as

Roads, seaports, airports, railways, warehouses, hotels, banks, telecommunications, etc. meet international standards to create basic conditions for the development of economic activities in the region.

Issue incentives to encourage investment in infrastructure sectors such as: urban development, technical infrastructure development (water supply and drainage, urban environment, etc.); construction of welfare facilities (housing, hospitals, schools, cultural houses, sports areas) for workers in industrial parks, export processing zones, high-tech zones, economic zones; investment projects in the fields of agriculture and rural development, transportation and logistics services.

Concentrate domestic resources and ODA to solve infrastructure problems such as bridges, roads, electricity, water, telecommunications, parking lots... Create favorable conditions for investors to participate in implementing BOT, BT projects...

Modernize transportation services at Vietnamese seaports to reduce service costs and enhance the competitiveness of freight transport services on traffic routes.

Attracting and allocating investment for transport infrastructure must be regional in order to create unity and synchronization between projects and enhance regional connectivity. Projects must ensure technical parameters and quality that are consistent with international standards and connecting projects in related countries.

(iv) Develop policy mechanisms to encourage investment in economic activities along economic corridors and belts, serving the economic restructuring strategy on the basis of promoting the static and dynamic advantages brought about by economic corridors and belts:

Create a favorable investment environment, mobilize resources to promote the construction of industrial parks, commercial areas, tourist - service areas, industrial clusters, small-scale industries and craft villages in the districts to attract domestic and foreign investment. Promote investment in the following areas: food processing industry, mineral exploitation and processing industry, consumer goods manufacturing industry, mechanical industry, handicraft manufacturing industry.

fine arts, high-tech industry (biology, new materials...).

Continue to improve the investment environment, create favorable conditions to strongly attract international capital sources; attract large investors with high technology and source technology to invest in a number of key economic sectors that require large capital and high technology, in order to promote the economic restructuring process of the region towards promoting the static and dynamic comparative advantages brought about by economic corridors and belts, especially in the transport and logistics services and other high-end services.

(v) Building a strategy to reform the import-export structure and limit trade deficit in Vietnam-China trade relations:

In relations with China, it is necessary to request relevant agencies to actively implement the agreements and arrangements that have been reached, in order to expand the scale of bilateral trade. In addition, in order to narrow the imbalance in bilateral trade, it is recommended that the Chinese Government expand the range of products with special tariff preferences for Vietnam as for the three countries of Cambodia, Laos and Myanmar.

To boost trade promotion and increase exports to China, the Ministry of Industry and Trade needs to regularly update this market's trade policies on import demand for goods; export support policies... At the same time, the Government needs to issue policies to encourage exports of domestically produced goods through the Export Support Fund.

Strengthen propaganda, have policies to encourage the use of domestic goods, limit the import of low-tech goods from China that Vietnam has produced. Encourage investment in the production of goods to replace imported goods from China. Shift to importing machinery and high technology from the markets of Japan, EU, and the United States.

Review current policies within the framework of the WTO to establish reasonable trade barriers; strictly control small-scale goods, especially smuggled goods... limit the import of poor quality goods and products through the establishment of technical standards and product standards.

chemical with raw materials, machinery, equipment, consumer goods..., especially outdated machinery, equipment, causing environmental pollution and consumer products.

Vietnam needs to sign a bilateral trade agreement with China to limit smuggled Chinese goods. Because if China exports goods to Vietnam through official channels, it will have to pay many taxes, which will "hit" the "stronghold" of cheap Chinese goods. People in the country will reconsider choosing Chinese goods if they are no longer cheap.

Strengthening the control of goods quality and food safety for goods imported from China, preventing smuggling and trafficking in border areas and border gates adjacent to China... Customs forces, police, border guards... need to further step up the pursuit of smuggling routes. Market management forces need to step up continuous inspection of stalls showing signs of smuggling; apply the most severe penalties to deter consumers of counterfeit goods.

(vi) Develop a strategy to improve the quality of human resources to meet the requirements of economic restructuring to promote the advantages of economic corridors and belts:

Develop a human resource training plan for each locality based on the practical needs of each locality. Based on the government's overall training plan, the state needs to develop a training plan for each economic region and each locality. The development of a training plan must be based on an analysis of the orientation and content of socio-economic development programs, the human resource needs of the locality, of economic sectors in rural areas, and of enterprises in each specific locality.

Strengthening forecasts of the increase in demand for human resources and training needs of each society in each province in the "two corridors, one economic belt" area. Forecasting training needs depends on many factors affecting the market mechanism. Specifically, the level of budget investment in rural infrastructure to attract technical workers for project implementation; the ability to find jobs, the demand for trained workers, and policies to attract workers back to their localities;

income and investment level for training. Forecasting human resource needs of each region and locality is necessary to build a strategic plan for socio-economic development in general and an educational strategy in particular for each locality.

Implement policies and solutions to maximize and effectively utilize labor resources, rapidly reduce unemployment and underemployment rates; link economic restructuring with labor restructuring. Promote investment, develop more new industries and occupations, create new jobs, especially in rural areas. At the same time, seek and continuously expand labor export markets; strengthen joint ventures and partnerships to build production and business establishments abroad to send workers to work. Provide technical and vocational training for workers because in the current era of scientific and technological progress, people pay more attention to the quality of brains than the number of workers. It is necessary to shift from low-value-added occupations to high-value ones, training needs to go first and quickly introduce policies to prevent "brain drain", encourage people with high qualifications and skills to return to serve the country.

Develop a policy mechanism that links foreign investment attraction to selected sectors in line with the economic restructuring strategy and technology transfer requirements, thereby gradually improving the quality of corporate governance and the workforce with technical expertise.

(vii) Improve the control, supervision and management capacity of the state management apparatus to minimize negative impacts on the environment and society:

Develop common legal frameworks to regulate and handle acts of environmental damage.

Regularly exchange information on environmental changes between the two countries. Strengthen propaganda, education, training and raise awareness of environmental protection in enterprises, production facilities and workers in environmental prevention and protection. Enhance capacity and responsibility for environmental management for industrial clusters and localities.

For concentrated industrial zones: The State has support policies.

and businesses must have environmental protection plans, invest appropriately in water and waste treatment; apply technical advances in manufacturing industries to minimize negative impacts on the environment;

Encourage the implementation of scientific research activities on environmental protection in the production activities of industrial clusters along the economic corridor. For newly established industrial clusters, the overall planning of environmental protection must be carried out right from the project establishment. In the detailed planning, in addition to the layout of the factories, it is necessary to mention the environmental protection plan.

For rural areas, it is necessary to plan residential areas in conjunction with environmental protection. It is necessary to protect water sources for rural activities, focusing on environmental treatment in craft villages.

Carry out the selection and approval of projects that meet production and environmental conditions.

Strictly comply with technical design principles, ensure reasonable spatial architecture, fire prevention and fighting principles and arrange works according to specific factors of environmental pollution potential.

Strengthen education and propaganda on the harmful effects of negative social issues arising in modern life to minimize negative social impacts in localities along the corridor and economic belt. Develop a closely linked planning between production areas - housing - commercial areas - entertainment, cultural and sports areas to improve the spiritual life of people as well as industrial workers, thereby limiting the temptation of negative social issues.

(viii) Building a strategy to link economic development with the task of protecting national security and defense:

Building a national defense and security strategy in the new international context based on the viewpoint of development, stability, and mutual dependence in economic development as the basis for creating mutual respect to protect national sovereignty. With that viewpoint, the mutual dependence and integration between countries is increasingly

The higher the level, the more basis there is to reduce the risk of national security violations. However, to achieve this, not only must Vietnam enhance its economic potential to enhance its national negotiating position in the international arena, but security agencies must also have effective solutions and preventive measures from afar against plots to take advantage of economic activities to sabotage the stability and sovereignty of the country.

Carry out land planning for national defense and security in conjunction with planning for the system of national defense and security works, mainly high points and key locations in the spirit of cooperation, friendship and ensuring the territorial sovereignty of each country; Localities in border areas need to have direction and orientation to strengthen relations, exchanges, and foreign propaganda to create closeness, friendliness, and mutual trust between the governments and people of the two countries at the two borders; improve the state management capacity of authorities at all levels, and implement "opening the door must go hand in hand with guarding the door". That is the fundamental solution to solve the complicated problems that arise.

Strictly control border traffic and strictly maintain border regulations, closely combine border protection and national border markers with protection of political security, economic security, cultural security and combat readiness.

Build a system of defense works to ensure the role of outposts along the country's border and ensure effective service for economic development. Appropriately arrange defense and security forces to ensure the completion of defense and security tasks.

Firmly build a national defense posture and people's security posture along the border corridor.

Ministries, branches and localities closely coordinate with national defense in socio-economic development planning, ensuring that existing major national defense plans in the corridor area are not disrupted;

Close coordination in protecting security, preventing crimes and social evils disguised as tourism activities such as prostitution, human trafficking, theft,

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