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Some Theories on Industrial Development in Key Economic Regions


directly related to economics - society - environment; to economic benefits

of many parties : Business owners - Employees - Local people living near the business - The government.

Industrial production enterprises are both economic units; It is both a social unit that concentrates a relatively large labor force; both a place of natural resource use and emissions. The goal is to maximize the business owner's benefits

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in accordance with its legal responsibilities to employees (issues related to wages and social insurance, working regimes, sanitary conditions, labor health and safety, housing regimes). and other legitimate interests...); lack of social responsibility in environmental protection, negatively affecting the income and living conditions of local people; Lack of responsibility in fulfilling obligations to the state causes serious harm to sustainable development...

Seventh, industrial development plays an important role in promoting agricultural development towards industrialization and modernization.

Some Theories on Industrial Development in Key Economic Regions

Industry is an economic sector separated from agriculture due to the development of production forces and social division of labor. Industrial development will first expand the consumption market for agricultural products. Industry processes agricultural products to increase value

of agricultural products, thereby improving capacity

consumption capacity

products

agricultural products not only in the domestic market but also expand consumption in foreign markets. On the other hand, industry provides the necessary "inputs" to improve the level of agricultural production technology, thereby improving labor productivity, lowering costs and improving the quality of agricultural products. , increasing the competitiveness of agricultural products.


1.1.1.2. Some theories on industrial development in key economic regions

Theory of development of industrial belts (1833) by Johann -

Heinrich Von Thunen considered cities, seaports, and major transportation hubs to be nodes, key points of the territory with attraction and spillover power. How to analyze and reason to lead to theory of development

development of industrial belts under the influence of cities (middle

market center) is very useful for research related to the

key economic region.

In the theory of industrial location (1909), economist A. Weber mentioned the advantages and limitations of concentrating businesses in one location (industrial park model), which in current economics the public can

called the "external benefits and costs" of the territory within scope

investment decisions. External benefits appear when businesses can share the burden of using the same infrastructure system and can support

Support each other in activities, carry out specialization, cooperation, and work

increase labor productivity, decrease

product cost, history

economical use of resources

fuel, energy. Non-economic externalities appear when there is overcrowding of territory and competition and mutual suppression, which limits the development of each business.

Industrial positioning theory is applied in selecting key economic regions for development: thanks to external benefits, regions that converge many favorable factors for development will become attractive to investors. with economic activities, especially industry; On the other hand, the concentration of industrial development leads to increased economic potential for these regions.

Theory

Central Place (1933) by

two scientists

People

Virtue


W. Christaller and A. Losch discovered the law of spatial distribution,

Research basic spatial systems to identify key nodes. The division of spatial locations of manufacturers of different market sizes creates a hierarchy of central locations. Larger urban centers will have more types of products produced and consumed, and will have more diverse, rich and complex functions than small urban centers. According to Christaller's concept, cities are the poles of attraction, the nucleus of development, and the object of focused investment based on research on the level of attraction and influence of central locations. .

In 1950, theory

extreme growth

Okay

economist

People

Francois Perrous initiated and continued

custom

Okay

complementary research

supplement, developed by Albert Hirshman, Myrdal, Friedman and Harry

Richardson. This theory focuses on territories that give rise to economic growth. According to this theory, the economic development of a territory does not proceed in a balanced, even pace.

same on all

all regions. In each

time

different periods, some regions have it

growth rate

higher

thanks to development

belong to

master industries

leading, spearheading innovation capabilities and the ability to bring high profits.

These key industries are often concentrated in a few large cities and are given priority for development, becoming "growth poles". Growth poles are often production centers, commercial centers, financial centers, information centers, transportation centers or important service centers that are decisive for the territory. Territorial centralization reaches a certain level and then the spillover effect will cause new development opportunities to begin to appear in many other localities. As a result, the development of one pole as a key economic region will act as a "locomotive" to pull the development of other territories, creating conditions for the economy.


The country's economy develops faster and stronger.

The impact of polarity is determined by both the attraction or polarization effect and the spillover effect. Polarization (or centralization) effects are the negative effects of growth at the extremes on regions within its scope of influence, reflected in the increase in the gap between GDP per capita between regions. region and negative effects on the growth and development of surrounding regions due to the attraction of resources to the polar region. Spillover effects are referred to as the positive effects of growth at the pole on the economic growth, per capita income and economic structure of the territories surrounding it.

M. Porter's famous theory of the diamond model was put forward in his work "National Competitive Advantage" in 1990. According to this theory, the decisive factors of the model are the conditions on the factors of production, demand conditions, supporting industries and competitive landscape, corporate strategy and structure. In addition, there are two additional variables: the role of the state and the opportunity factor. The success of countries in certain business sectors depends on three basic factors: national competitive advantage, labor productivity.

sustainable movement and the

Effective cooperation is demonstrated

in the lips

local development school. Industrial development in a territory makes an important contribution to creating the region's competitiveness on the basis of meeting requirements and increasing competitive factors according to M. Porter's point of view.

In Porter's diamond model, four factors that determine industrial competitiveness are creatively combined to increase industrial competitiveness, including: factory conditions; domestic demand, supporting industries and related industries; industrial strategy, structure and competitiveness. Industrial enterprises will trend


compete by increasing productivity and promoting technological innovation through knowledge or information spillover effects.

Through studying theories on industrial development in key economic regions, the author believes that those theories contain the hidden meaning of industrial development in key economic regions in a sustainable manner. The content of the above theories has inspired the author of this thesis to research and present issues of industrial development in key economic regions in particular.

general and economic regions

Northern key point

Vietnam in particular after

Research experiences in sustainable industrial development of some countries.

1.1.2. Sustainable development

In the past few decades, sustainable development has become a thing

topic

Global, a trend

inevitable, universal

universal that humanity is aiming for

in the new era. Although there are many different understandings of the concept's content, countries around the world have soon reached a consensus when discussing the goals of sustainable development. The World Summit on Sustainable Development (Rio de Janeiro 1992, Johannesburg 2002, Rio +20 2012) has determined: Sustainable development aims at a close, reasonable and harmonious combination between the three aspects. : Economic development, social development and environmental protection.

Fellows also agreed that when talking about sustainable development, we are talking about the sustainable requirements of development; This requirement is expressed

on three aspects: Sustainability

economic, sustainable

social and durable

environmentally sustainable. If one of these three requirements is missing, the sustainable meaning of development is no longer complete.

The nature of sustainable development according to three aspects of economics, society and environment can be explained as follows:


(1) Sustainable economic development requires pursuing a development path that creates real income increases, increases social production, eliminates poverty, and ensures economic growth . Fast, stable and effective growth. To tell

undertake

economic growth

quickly, exploit natural resources with

Greater intensity is still the method chosen by many countries. However, if you are too dependent on natural resources, you can easily fall into crisis

crisis when resources are depleted and due to many types of natural resources

cannot be recreated. Such exploitation of resources will exceed the carrying capacity of ecosystems, causing pollution, environmental degradation and creating potential risks that people may not yet know or fully anticipate. . Therefore, this is not a sustainable development method. Other problems such as debt, ineffective investment, loss of capital sources, etc. will also affect the level of economic sustainability.

(2) Sustainable social development is closely linked and has a dialectical relationship

with sustainable development

economic, is the

development combined with growth

economic growth with social stability, no conflict, turmoil, or disorder; Maximize and effectively mobilize resources for the development process; ensure good resolution of issues of employment, education, health, income equality, and social welfare among population classes and between territories; Build, protect and promote current social standards on the basis of religion, tradition, customs, practices, national identity, ethics and law.

(3) Environmentally sustainable development has a close relationship with sustainable economic and social development, reflecting the relationship between humans and the natural world . All development processes are ultimately the use of human resources to exploit natural resources to satisfy human needs. Therefore, the exploitation and use of natural resources and the environment must ensure sustainability. Environmental sustainability also means utilizing and regenerating natural resources, energy,


prevent and reduce environmental pollution, protect biodiversity,

ensure ecological balance.

In other words, sustainable development is about

lip

Environment is a guarantee that the living environment always maintains its three basic functions: being a living space for humans; is a place that provides resources for the survival and development of people and society; is a place to store and destroy waste. If only one of these three functions is damaged or imbalanced, the risk of environmentally sustainable development will be threatened.

In Vietnam, due to early awareness of the importance and urgency

of the problem

sustainable development, right after the Declaration

Rio, Party and House

The country has issued the system

muscle system

regulations, policies and

soon brought to court

separate points about the driving forces of sustainable development [31], [63], [66]. Vietnam's Agenda 21 affirms: “The overall goal of sustainable development is to achieve material sufficiency, spiritual and cultural richness, equality of citizens and the social consensus, harmony between humans and nature; Development must combine closely, reasonably and harmoniously the three aspects of economic development, social development and environmental protection"[9]. The Vietnam Sustainable Development Strategy for the period 2011 - 2020 issued by the Government in 2012 also set out three groups of economic, social and environmental indicators, fully reflecting the three aspects of sustainable development. firmly [66]. The above policies, programs and strategies have truly become a strategic framework, serving as a legal basis for relevant organizations and individuals to implement and coordinate actions to ensure sustainable development. stabilize the country in the 21st century.

1.1.3. Industrial development in a sustainable direction


solid

1.1.3.1. Concept

and content

Sustainable industrial development

Sustainable industrial development, or in other words, the sustainable requirement of industrial development, is a concept within a concept.


broader concept : sustainable development .​​ With such an understanding, apply it

researched the development of the industrial sector, PhD student for

that sustainable industrial development involves two aspects:

One is , sustainability itself, within the process of industrial development ;

Second , the sustainability of factors that are related and frequently impact and influence the industrial development process. These are non-economic factors of sustainable development, including environmental sustainability and social sustainability.

Applying sustainable development theory to the industrial sector, from the works that have been summarized in the Overview of the Issue section .

study,

especially words

works [33], [39], [72], from the perspective

majoring in political economy, the graduate student said: Phat

industrial development in a sustainable direction

is the method

public development

industry according to the requirements of sustainable development, including speed and quality

Industrial growth is maintained high and stable, ensuring harmony between economic, social and environmental aspects.

According to the above concept, sustainable industrial development is a harmonious combination of the following two contents:

First , maintain high speed and quality of industrial growth

stable. Industry is a part of general economic activity, due to

Therefore, sustainable industrial development must first be maintained

achieve high, continuous growth and ensure growth quality

on muscle

value increase facility

industrial growth, mechanical transformation

public structure

modern industry, improving the efficiency of industrial production through a growth method mainly based on the effective use of resource factors and increasing the contribution of total factor productivity.

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