with tourism businesses. However, some people who study tourism after graduation still have difficulty in finding a job because the knowledge they have does not meet the requirements of the job, requiring improvement in the quality of training human resources in the tourism industry.
In the picture of Vietnam's tourism development, the Mekong Delta, also known as the Southwest, has emerged as a promising destination. The Mekong Delta has strengths in agriculture, with many unique natural and human tourism resources, typically the cultural characteristics of the South, and the river ecosystem of the orchards. However, up to now, the Mekong Delta is still a "lowland" in terms of human resource training and education. Human resource training facilities for the tourism industry in the Mekong Delta are still weak and lacking. This is one of the main reasons affecting the development of the tourism industry in the whole region. Up to now, from different approaches (philosophy, economics, sociology, culture, etc.), it has attracted special attention from researchers as well as practitioners and there have been many research works on tourism development in the Mekong Delta as well as human resource development in the tourism industry of the region. From there, the picture of tourism characteristics as well as the current status of tourism human resources in the region has been sketched out relatively clearly. However, there has not been any research on the field of human resource training for the Mekong Delta tourism industry in a systematic and in-depth manner from a philosophical perspective, in order to contribute to improving the quality of tourism human resource training in the region, in accordance with the needs of socio-economic development of the Mekong Delta in particular and the whole country in general. Based on that situation, the implementation of the topic "The issue of training human resources for the tourism industry in the Mekong Delta today" is not only of theoretical significance but also of practical and urgent significance.
2. Research purpose and tasks
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2.1. Research purpose
Based on the theory of human resources in the tourism industry and training of human resources in the tourism industry, the thesis surveys and analyzes the current status of human resource training in the tourism industry in the Mekong Delta region, and on that basis, proposes a number of solutions to improve the quality and effectiveness of training human resources in the tourism industry in the region.
2.2. Research tasks
To achieve the above purpose, the thesis solves the following tasks:
First : General research on issues related to the thesis topic. On that basis, inherit the positive values of previous research works and point out issues that need further research.
Second : Systematize and discuss theoretical issues related to the topic; Analyze aspects related to tourism human resource training in Vietnam today such as: concept of tourism human resource training, nature of tourism human resource training, requirements and factors affecting tourism human resource training.
Third : Analyze the current situation and issues in training human resources for the tourism industry in the Mekong Delta region today.
Fourth : Propose some viewpoints and solutions to contribute to improving the effectiveness of training human resources for the tourism industry in the Mekong Delta in our country today.
3. Research object and scope
3.1. Research subjects
The thesis focuses on the issue of training human resources for the tourism industry in the Mekong Delta region in Vietnam today.
3.2. Scope of research
Scope of content: The thesis focuses on studying the issue of training human resources in the tourism industry in the main subjects of training (people working in management, lecturers of secondary schools, colleges, universities with tourism training in the Mekong Delta), training subjects (those who have graduated from high school, are admitted to and are studying tourism at secondary schools, colleges, universities in the Mekong Delta), content, form, method and training environment in secondary schools, colleges, universities with tourism training in the Mekong Delta. In the thesis, the concept of human resources in the tourism industry is understood by the author in a narrow sense as the labor force in the tourism industry.
Spatial scope: Research on training human resources for the tourism industry in 13 provinces and cities in the Mekong Delta.
Time scope: The author researched, investigated, and used data related to human resource training in the tourism industry of the region from 2015 to present.
4. Theoretical basis and research methods
4.1. Theoretical basis
The thesis is based on the theoretical foundation of Marxism-Leninism, Ho Chi Minh thought and our Party's viewpoints on people, the role of people, human resources, human resources in the tourism industry, human resource training and human resource training in the tourism industry... In addition, the thesis also inherits the achievements of scientific works related to the topic.
4.2. Research methods
The author applies the methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism. In addition, the author uses methods such as analysis, synthesis, comparison, questionnaire investigation, data processing methods, etc. In which, the analysis and synthesis methods are the main ones.
5. New contributions of the thesis
The thesis explains and supplements theoretical issues to clarify the concept, role, basic aspects, requirements and factors affecting human resource training in the tourism industry.
The thesis analyzes and evaluates the current status of human resource training in the tourism industry in the Mekong Delta from 2015 to present, thereby clarifying the achievements, limitations and issues arising from the practice of human resource training in the tourism industry in the region.
The thesis presents viewpoints and proposes a number of solutions to improve the effectiveness of training human resources for the tourism industry in the Mekong Delta.
6. Scientific and practical significance of the research topic
6.1. Scientific significance
The thesis contributes to systematizing the concept, subject, object, content, form, method, and training environment of human resources in the tourism industry; Analyzing and evaluating the current situation, at the same time presenting the issues arising from the current training situation as well as proposing key solutions to improve the quality of training of human resources in the tourism industry in the Mekong Delta today.
6.2. Practical significance
The research results of the thesis can be used as reference material in planning and implementing training policies and developing human resources for the tourism industry in our country today.
The thesis can be used as a reference document, serving research and practical activities on human resource training in the Mekong Delta tourism industry, especially training institutions and tourism businesses.
7. Structure of the thesis
In addition to the introduction, conclusion and list of references, the content of the thesis is divided into 4 chapters and 10 sections.
Chapter 1
OVERVIEW OF RESEARCH RELATED TO THE THESIS TOPIC
1.1. RESEARCH PROJECTS ON HUMAN RESOURCE TRAINING FOR TOURISM INDUSTRY IN THE MEKONG DELTA
1.1.1. Research works on human resources and human resource training in the tourism industry
1.1.1.1. Human resource research and human resource training projects
Human resources and human resources training is an issue that has been studied by many domestic and foreign scholars from different perspectives, from economics, sociology to philosophy.
In 2001, author Pham Minh Hac in his work " Research on people and human resources in the process of industrialization and modernization" published by the National Political Publishing House analyzed the relationship between education - training, use and human resource development; from there, the author proposed and recommended strategies and policies for comprehensive development of people and human resources in Vietnam in the current period. In addition, the author introduced the concept of human resources: It is the total labor potential of a country or a locality, that is, the labor force is prepared (at different levels, ready to participate in a certain job, that is, skilled workers, or general abilities), by meeting the requirements of labor restructuring, economic restructuring towards industrialization and modernization [41].
The Center for Human Resource Development Research (under the Institute for Educational Development Research in 2002) has collected research works and scientific articles by many authors related to theoretical and practical issues.
on human resource development strategies and policies in Vietnam and around the world in the book " From education development strategies to human resource development policies" . In which, the authors discussed a number of general theoretical issues on human resources (such as the concept, role of human resources, the relationship between training policies and human resource development policies, etc.). In particular, the issue of human resource training was discussed in depth by the author, such as: Socializing human resource training to serve the cause of industrialization and modernization of the country; linking training by address, etc. At the same time, this study also analyzed the education and training policies in ASEAN countries during the industrialization period [121].
Researcher Bui Van Nhon in the book " Management and development of social human resources", Justice Publishing House in 2004, has deeply analyzed some basic issues such as: human resources and characteristics of Vietnamese human resources; development and effective use of social human resources; organization of wages and social insurance; population distribution and social human resources... Besides, the author also introduced concepts such as: social human resources, enterprise human resources; at the same time, the author also analyzed the role of human resources in the cause of industrialization and modernization [82].
To analyze the current situation and propose a system of solutions to link training with the use of human resources to meet the needs of socio-economic development, co-editors Nguyen Van Nam and Nguyen Van Ang in the book " Basic solutions to link training with the use of human resources" (2007) analyzed the decisive role of trained human resources in economic development and in solving social problems [77].
The Human Resource Management Textbook (Le Thanh Ha - Editor) (2009) [36] systematically analyzed from an economic perspective the basic stages and activities of the human resource management process, including training and
human resource development. Accordingly, the course has analyzed basic contents such as: concepts, purposes, principles, forms and methods of training, training plans and processes, issues of training managers...
In the article “ Responsibility for human resource training in the current market economy conditions in Vietnam ” (2009) [44], author Luong Dinh Hai analyzed the main and decisive role of human resources in the era of knowledge economy, scientific and technological revolution and globalization, especially the three peaks of the human resource triangle - also known as high-quality human resources - are the intellectuals, the political class and businessmen. The author said: “Human resources are the leading factor in the development of countries. It determines the scale, speed, nature and effectiveness of the socio-economic development of countries…” [44, p.15]. The article also assessed: “When the country's situation changed, the Vietnamese education and training sector failed to meet the requirements of development” [44, p.16]. Therefore, a unified national strategy on high-quality human resources is needed.
Author Nguyen Huu Long (2010) in the textbook " Human resource development " [62] presented an overview of issues such as: concept, position and role of human resources, types of education and training in human resource development. Accordingly, human resources are understood as all people of working age (and a part of retired workers who continue to work) of a country or region participating in the socio-economic development of the country or locality; human resources are studied in terms of quantity, quality, and structure.
Author Doan Xuan Thuy in the article " Issues for training high-quality human resources in our country today " (2013) [104], analyzed the characteristics of Vietnamese people in terms of human resources and the issues for training high-quality human resources in our country. According to the author, Vietnam has a relatively young and abundant human resource; the ratio
The proportion of technically trained and specialized workers is low, mostly manual labor; the distribution of professionally trained workers is very uneven between regions and the labor structure by industry, although there has been a positive shift, is still very backward compared to the world, especially compared to developed countries. From there, the author mentioned the issues raised in training high-quality human resources in our country. That is the huge imbalance between supply and demand of high-quality labor; the actual quality of high-quality human resources is still low and the distribution of high-quality human resources is still unbalanced and concentrated in the state management sector [104].
Author Luong Cong Ly and colleagues in 2016 in the study " Promoting the role of education and training in developing high-quality human resources in Vietnam today" [67] presented theoretical issues on high-quality human resources, analyzed the role, current situation and issues as well as proposed some main solutions to promote the role of education and training in developing high-quality human resources in Vietnam today.
The above works, although approached from different angles or aspects, have different views on the concept of human resources, but the common point is the affirmation of the leading and decisive role of human resources for development, regardless of scale. At the same time, the process of human resource development always has a direct and decisive impact on human resource training activities. These are theoretical issues and valuable documents to help postgraduate students inherit human resources and human resource training.
1.1.1.2. Research works related to human resources in the tourism industry and training of human resources in the tourism industry
Human resources in the tourism industry and training and development of human resources in tourism are issues that have been and are being hotly discussed by domestic and international researchers.