Research proposal for developing ecotourism to support biodiversity conservation in Vu Quang National Park, Vu Quang district, Ha Tinh province

21. Pham Trung Luong, 1999. Potential, current status and orientation for ecotourism development in Vietnam. Collection of reports from the workshop on building a national strategy for ecotourism development in Vietnam. General Department of Tourism, World Conservation Organization, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Hanoi, September 7-9, 1999.

22. Shepherd, Gill, 2004. The Ecosystem Approach: Five Steps to Implementation . IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK. en + 30 pages.

23. Nguyen Thi Son, 2007. Ecotourism Lecture (Teaching material for the training course on Ecotourism for National Parks and Protected Areas in 2007).

24. Hoang Phuong Thao, 1999. Ecotourism in relation to biodiversity conservation and conservation. Collection of reports of the workshop on building a national strategy for ecotourism development in Vietnam. General Department of Tourism, World Conservation Organization, Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. Hanoi, September 7-9, 1999.

25. Hoang Van Thang, 2009. Lecture on Biodiversity and Conservation; CRES, Vietnam National University, Hanoi.

26. People's Committee of Vu Quang district, 2009. Statistical yearbook of Vu Quang district, 2009.

27. Sources provided by Vu Quang National Park.

28. Document sources from the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism

29. Related websites such as: http://www.thiennhien.net

http://www.vietnamtourism.gov.vn

http://www.vnppa.org.vn

http://www.bachma.vnn.vn

APPENDIX

Appendix 1: Principles of Sustainable Tourism Development [2]

1. Use resources sustainably. The conservation and sustainable use of natural, cultural and social resources is essential to long-term business.

2. Reduce overconsumption and waste. Reducing overconsumption and waste avoids costly restoration costs to the natural environment, and contributes to the quality of tourism.

3. Maintain diversity. Maintaining and enhancing natural, cultural and social diversity is essential for long-term sustainable tourism, and is the lifeblood of the tourism industry.

4. Integrate tourism into planning. Integrating tourism development into national and local strategic planning frameworks, with environmental impact assessments, will increase the long-term viability of the tourism industry.

5. Support the local economy. Tourism that supports local economic activities and takes into account environmental values and costs will both protect the local economy and avoid environmental damage.

6. Involve local communities. Involving local communities in tourism will not only benefit them and the environment, but also improve the quality of tourism.

7. Get opinions from the public and stakeholders. Discussion between the public and tourism managers is essential, it helps to resolve potential problems and conflicts during the implementation process.

8. Staff training. Staff training should incorporate sustainable tourism into the work context. As well as staff training, hiring local workers will increase the quality and significance of tourism activities and products.

9. Responsible tourism marketing. Marketing that provides tourists with complete, accurate and responsible information will enhance tourists' respect for the natural, cultural and social environment of the destination, and will increase tourist satisfaction and reputation.

10. Conduct research and monitor the tourism industry. This helps to solve existing problems and brings benefits to the destination, to the tourism operator and to the tourists.

Appendix 2. List of rare plant species in Vu Quang National Park [28].

Vietnamese name	Scientific name	Status
Vietnamese name	Scientific name	Vietnam	World
1.	Five-leaf ivy	Acanthopanax trifoliatus(L.) Voss.	T
2.	Agarwood	Aquilaria crasna	E
3.	Gold	Podocarpus swallichianus	E
4.	Fake cypress	Dacridium pierei hitkel	V
5.	South Sea star	hopea hainanensis	V	E
6.	Cho only	parashorea chinensis	E	R
7.	Cheesy	Madhuca for want	E	R
8.	Flower Slice	Chukrasia	V
9.	Powder Song	Calamus poilanei	R	V
10.	Green Bodhi	Alniphyllum ebrhardth	R
11.	Pơ mu	Fokienia Hodginsii( Dunn ) Henry et Thoms	R	R
12.	Chicken thigh orchid	Dendrobium nobile lindl	R
13.	Secret School	Pavieasia anamensis	T
14.	Year	Cycas balansae	V
15.	Small leaf carnation	Smilax glabra	V
16.	Rhododendron	Rhododendron fleuryi Dop		R

Maybe you are interested!

Note: + E- endangered- R: very rare; T- threatened; V- vulnerable.

+ According to IUCN 2007.

Appendix 3: List of important mammal species in Vu Quang National Park [28].

Vietnamese name	Scientific name	Vietnam Red Book 2007	IUCN 2007
1	Big	Megamuntiacus vuquangensis	E
2	Bull	Gaur Bos	E
3	why	Pseudoryx nghetinhensis	E	EN
4	Tiger Face Rabbit	Nesolagus timminsi	E
5	Silver-cheeked gibbon	Hylobates concolor	E
6	Red wolf	Alpine mountain	E
7	Bear	Ursus thibetanus	E	VU
8	Bear dog	Ursus malayanus	E
9	Leopard	Panthera pardus	E
10	Tiger	Panthera tigris	E	EN
11	Flying fox	Cynocephalus variegatus	R
12	White eared civet	Arctogalidia trivirgata	R
13	Zebra	Hemigalus owstoni	R	VU
14	Otter worship	Lutra lutra	T
15	Elephant	Elephas maximus	V	EN
16	mountain goat	Naemorhedus sumatraensis	V

Golden pangolin	Manis pentadactyla	V	NT
18	Java pangolin	Manis javanica	V	NT
19	Golden Monkey	Macaca mulatta	V
20	Long-tailed monkey	Macaca fascicularis	V
21	Red Face Monkey	Macaca arctoides	V	VU
22	Black langur	Semnopithecus francoisi	V
23	Silvered langur	Semnopithecus cristatus	V
24	Gray langur	Semnopithecus phayrei	V
25	Five-colored langur	Pygathrix nemaeus	V	EN
26	Small clawed otter	Aonyx cinerea	V
27	Leopard	Pardofelis nebulosa	V