Research on potential and solutions for developing ecotourism in some key tourist areas of the North Central region

is 8,803 hectares, total is 17,641 hectares .

in the Vietnam Red Book . Animals : there are 256 animal species with 61 mammal species, 178 bird species and 17 reptile species, of which 44 animal species are listed in the Vietnam Red Book...

animals , plants;

Adventure travel etc.

II. MARINE AND ISLAND RESOURCES

2.1. Nhat Le - Canh Duong sea area (Quang Binh)

2.2. Cua Tung – Cua Viet sea area (Quang Tri)

2.3. Lang Co beach area

– Photo: Duong (Hue City)

- Extends from the door area

Nhat River flows from Bao Ninh commune to Canh Duong sea village.

- 116.04km long coastline.

Cua Tung beach ( in Vinh Linh district) to Cua Viet ( Gio Linh district ) is over 12 km long.

Southeast of Thua Thien Hue , 45km from Hue city, including 02 very famous beaches: Canh Duong beach is about 8km long, 200m wide. Lang Co beach is about 08km long, located along National Highway 1A, next to Hai Van pass.

- Many beautiful beaches, blessed by nature with white sand and pristine blue sea water. Currently , a number of beach resort projects have been invested in and built in this area .

- There are all kinds of seafood: fish, squid, shrimp, crab... There are also many other beautiful beaches such as Nhay Rock Beach (at the foot of Ly Hoa Pass); Ho La Bay, etc. In particular, Ho La Bay is located in the Vung Chua - Yen Island cluster, which has been identified by the People 's Committee of Quang Binh Province as one of the four key tourist clusters.

- Is the first destination of Vietnam on the East-West economic corridor.

- Cua Tung beach was once known as the "Queen of beaches"

with magical beauty, moderate slope, fine white sand.

- Many kinds of seafood. The coastal route Cua Tung - Cua Viet has been fully invested and put into use. This is the most beautiful route in Quang Tri province running along the coast.

Canh Duong beach has an arc shape limited by Chan May Tay cape and Chan May Dong cape. The beach has the characteristics of a bay, so it has a gentle slope, fine sand, clear blue water, small waves... Lang Co beach is like a peninsula surrounded on three sides by the sea and lagoon. This is a beach with a gentle coastline, medium and large waves . The sand here is very beautiful, flat, smooth and white. Adjacent to Lang Co beach is Hai Van mountain. Along the foot of Hai Van mountain there is a strip of coral, lobster and many kinds of seafood of high value. Lang Co beach area has been listed by the World Association of Beautiful Bays as one of the " World's most beautiful bays ". Lang Co beach with abundant fresh water resources is evaluated by Fujiken Group ( Japan) as one of the 12 beautiful beaches with advantages for tourismdevelopment in the world.

Many types of tourism can be developed: resort tourism ; exploring flora and fauna; sightseeing; sand sports; beach tourism combined with exploring fishing village activities...

Favorable for developing high-class resort tourism and other types of tourism such as sea bathing; beach sports, water sports ...

Can develop types of tourism: resort ecotourism, sea bathing; scuba diving, learning about marine flora and fauna; Learning about aquaculture ; marine ecotourism combined with learning about fishing village activities ; Combining marine, mountain, lagoon ecotourism...

- Is the coastline from My Khe - The coastline from My Khe - Bac My An - Non Nuoc is a beautiful coastline. The sea can develop this type of

2.4. My Khe Beach Area

– North America

– Non Nuoc (Da Nang)

2.5. Cua Dai Beach (Hoi An)

2.6. Con Co Island (Quang Tri)

2.8. Son Tra Peninsula (Da Nang)

( belonging to Phuoc My ward, Son Tra district) to Non Nuoc beach (Hoa Hai ward, Ngu Hanh Son district)

- Coastline length over 10 km

km (from the foot of Son Tra peninsula to Non Nuoc, Ngu Hanh Son)

About 5km from Hoi An ancient town (Quang Nam). This is an ideal beach , about several dozen hectares wide.

- Coordinates 17010 minutes North latitude , 107021 minutes East longitude, 27km from Cua Tung and Cua Viet (Quang Tri)

- Area of about 4 km2, circumference of 8 km, height from 5 to 30 m above sea level , in the middle of the island there is a hill rising up to 63 m high.

- About 10 km northeast of Da Nang center . Area 60 km², length 13 km, width 5 km, location

My Khe was voted by Forbes magazine as one of the 6 most beautiful beaches on the planet .

2005.

- The area has many beautiful, quiet beaches such as My Khe, Pham Van Dong,

T20, T18, Bac My An, Non Nuoc… Near the center of Da Nang.

- Has rich seafood resources such as shrimp, crab, fish, squid, seafood, abalone...

The infrastructure is well invested, many luxury tourist areas have been built such as Furama...

- Wide sandy beach, T20 - T18 beach has deep sea and often has big waves suitable for surfing , while other beaches have gentle sea and less waves suitable for swimming...

- Fine white sand strip , clear blue water, small waves, relatively well-invested infrastructure .

- Cua Dai is where the Thu Bon River flows into the sea, so there are a lot of fish here such as Hanh, Hanh Luom, Hong Vuc...

- The resort system is built beautifully and environmentally friendly. There are almost no high-rise buildings. Most still choose the rustic architecture of Vietnamese villages to embellish the charm of Cua Dai.

- Con Co occupies a very important position on the mouth of the Gulf of Tonkin leading to the East Sea.

Con Co is also one of the rare beautiful islands of the Central region .

- The flora on the island is quite rich, the island is small but still has forests, with dense hills occupying 3/4 of the island's area. The forest on the island has strange tree species that are not found on the mainland, such as: "blood oil" tree... Although the animals on the island are not many in species , they are quite unique. The landscape on the island is also always being improved .

- The Prime Minister has agreed to allow Quang Tri to establish a project to build a tourist area.

Cua Viet - Cua Tung - Con Co Island marine ecotourism.

- Famous for its unique flora and fauna with many rare wild animals such as deer, monkeys, gibbons, orangutans, douc langurs, red-faced chickens... the natural scenery here is very charming.

- Right at the foot of the mountain, with beautiful, colorful coral reefs, it will be an ideal place.

ideal for developing diving tourism. There are many beautiful beaches.

Tourism types : ecotourism, sea bathing; sports on sand and sea , ecotourism combined with sightseeing... Especially, it can be developed into a comprehensive sea resort tourism center of the Asia - Pacific region. Convenient for development with many types : sea bathing, water sports, ecotourism , exploring flora and fauna, etc.

There is great potential in building a complex ecotourism area, with many diverse types of ecotourism: Resort, beach bathing; discovery

island ; sea sports etc.

Can develop types: resort tourism, sea bathing; sports on sand and sea, diving , research tourism

2.9. Cu Lao Cham (Hoi An)

– Quang Nam)

narrowest 2 km.

- 693 m altitude

sea level

- Is an island cluster of 8 islands belonging to Tan Hiep island commune (Hoi An), located 15 km from Cua Dai beach.

- The population on these islands is about 3,000 people.

such as Bai Nam, Bai Rang, Bai But, Bai Tien Sa... right below is the famous My Khe beach.

- Currently developing high-end resorts and casinos. Son Tra Mountain

There are beautiful and wild Suoi Tien and Suoi Da .

- Recognized by UNESCO as a world biosphere reserve in 2009.

- It is a tourist destination with a cool climate all year round, rich flora and fauna, especially seafood and bird's nest resources. Coral reefs in the Cu Lao Cham sea area are also highly appreciated by scientists and included in the protection list.

- There are also archaeological relics related to the residence of ancient residents such as the system

Stone stacking system of ancient Cham people…

save animals and plants

island or sea forest

…

Suitable for many types of ecotourism: Resort, swimming; island exploration; sea sports, diving, ecotourism

combine life understanding

island residents etc.

III. LAGON RESOURCES

Tam Giang Lagoon - Cau Hai ( Thua Thien Hue )

- The short name of a strip of coastal lagoons including: Tam Giang lagoon, Sam lagoon, Chuon lagoon, Thuy Tu lagoon, Ha Trung lagoon, Cau Hai lagoon.

- Is an area consisting of 44 communes and towns of 5 districts. Distributed over a length of 68 km, wide

nearly 22,000 hectares; the widest place is 14 km and the narrowest place is 0.6 km, with a total water surface area of 216 km2

- Two lagoon gates

with the sea is Thuan An gate 350m wide, 6m deep, the second gate is Tu Hien 50m wide

- It is a very unique type of water body, considered as a sea area - a tropical coastal lagoon. There are 3 water regimes : fresh water in the north of the basin, brackish water in the middle area and salt water at the end of the basin (where Tu Hien estuary is located) . The vertical depth of the basin also has two water regimes: fresh water at the top and salt water at the bottom.

- Plants: Plankton has 221 species belonging to 06 phyla (including: Silicium algae, Green algae, Flagellate algae, Blue-green algae, Golden algae ) ; small bottom-dwelling plants have 54 species belonging to the Algae phylum ; Seaweed has 46 species; higher aquatic plants have 18 species belonging to 9 families (07 species of seagrass, 11 species of freshwater grass) ; higher plants have 31 species, belonging to 20 families (Sú, na bi, trang, giá, coc vang, coc coc ...) ...

- Fauna: Plankton has 66 species including 32 freshwater species, 11 brackish water species, 23 saltwater and brackish water species; benthic animals have 46 species. Fish have 230 species belonging to 65 families and 16 orders (Carp, Mullet, White Goby, Grouper, Red Snapper, Herring, Herring, Eurasian Sea Duck, Eurasian Sea Duck ...) ; Birds have 73 species including 34 migratory species and 39 resident species (Cocktail, Wild Geese, Mallard, Red-shanked Dove and Co ...) . Many of these species are listed in the Vietnam Red Book .

- The inhabitants of the lagoon - coastal area have a long history . This place also

associated with many important historical sites and events, in addition there are many

Organize many different types of ecotourism: resort ecotourism ; continuous river tourism

through the lagoon and out to sea; water sports tourism ; exploring life on the lagoon; ecotourism combined with indigenous culture; sightseeing tourism combined with scientific research...

cultural relics, craft villages , famous festivals (Tuy Van Festival , Fishing Festival,

festival, An Truyen craft village, boat racing...)

IV. RIVERS, STREAMS AND LAKES RESOURCES

River, stream and lake resources

There are many large rivers such as: Gianh River (Quang Binh); Thach Han (Quang Tri ); Huong River (Hue); Han River (Da Nang);

Vu Gia (Quang Nam); Thu

Noi (Quang Ngai ) etc...

- Very valuable for tourism, many beautiful rivers flow through the heart of the city such as the River

Perfume (Hue); Han River (Da Nang)…

- Most of them have abundant aquatic resources. Many rivers are very famous domestically and internationally and are known as scenic spots or historical sites such as: Huong River (Hue); Ben Hai River (Quang Binh)...

- Currently, there are many investment projects in resort tourism along rivers such as: River

Bach Yen (Hue); Co Co River (Da Nang)...

- In addition to the river system; VDLTB also has a system of streams and lakes, many streams have beautiful landscapes for eco-tourism development such as: Suoi Voi (Hue); Suoi Tien (Da Nang); Suoi Tien (Quang Nam) etc. Lakes include: Ai Tu Lake (Quang Tri); Thien An Lake (Hue) etc.

Many types of ecotourism can be organized: Resorts , river photography ; research on flora and fauna; ecotourism combined with learning about the lives of coastal residents ; water sports, etc.

V. OTHER RESOURCES

Other resources such as gardens, rural areas etc.

Garden houses in Hue, Hoi An, etc. Vegetable gardens in Hue city. Rural areas in the suburbs, etc.

- This resource is very diverse and rich and has its own unique features such as Hue garden houses which are a unique creation in creating harmony between nature and people : An Hien Garden House is famous for its landscape architecture and the diversity of flowers; Ngoc Son Princess Palace is typical of traditional house architecture, etc.

- Other resources are quite diverse and rich such as suburban rural areas in localities; inner-city vegetable gardens, etc.

(Source: author's synthesis)

Many different types of tourism can be organized: garden ecotourism , countryside sightseeing; ecotourism combined with learning about local life; rural picnics, etc.

Appendix 18a: OUTLINE OF SUB-REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT TRENDS I

Based on the SWOT matrix analysis in Table 1.1, we can outline the development trend for Sub-region I as follows:

Table 1.1: SWOT Matrix Analysis for Sub-Region I

STRENGTHS

WEAKNESSES
1. Relatively diverse resources . Many natural resources have been	1. Lack of direction and planning.
to be exploited	2. Lack of information about TNTN points.
2. TNDL are distributed close together and diverse. National Park	3. There are few specific cultural attractions.
Phong Nha, Ke Bang was recognized by UNESCO	Historic sites and landmarks are falling into disrepair .
receive cultural heritage	luxury
3. Can develop many special DLST products	4. Traffic at multiple resource points
like cave tourism, combined tourism research	least.
historical research etc. The environment is not polluted.	5. "Severe" lack of management team,
4. Many large capacity resource points. Yes	planning, tour guide
many relatively large tourism development projects.	6. Small and lacking tourism infrastructure conditions
6. Relatively favorable traffic conditions,	entertainment venues. Infrastructure investment
located on the East-West corridor through Laos.	to weak TN points compared to other locations
7. Associated with many historical and revolutionary sites	other areas in the region, spread out.
ethnic minority village
OPPORTUNITIES	THREATS
1. Increasing trend of international tourist flow &	1. Environmental pollution, destruction of ecosystems
need to return to TN.	due to poor management. The amount of tourists
2. Develop many large tourist areas .	crowded at one time in many places
3. Increasing trend of domestic tourist arrivals	resource point
sub-region	2. Pressure on population migration
4. Northern tourism focus of the region	multiple resource points
future.	3. Cultural tension again.
5. Attracting tourists by regional roads	4. DL development lacks consistency .
Northeast Asia .	5. The model lacks appeal.
6. Connecting tourism between countries on the corridor axis	6. Loss of competitiveness with other regions
East - West.	Marine tourism in the region.

Maybe you are interested!

(Source: Author's analysis)

- Coordination S 1-7 /O 1-6 ; S 1-5 /T 6 ; W 3 /O 1-4,5,6 ; W 3,4,6 /T 4,5,6 : Diversify types of eco-tourism in a sustainable direction, need to pay attention to quality and not chase after quantity ; Develop many specific eco-tourism programs ; Promote the exploitation of road tourism along the East-West corridor.

- Coordination S 4-7 /O 1-6 ; S 4-5 /T 5-6 ; W 3,4,5,6 /O 1-4 ; W 3,4,5,6 /T 5,6 : Develop many areas

Large-scale tourism , combining eco-tourism with cultural and historical tourism...

- Coordination S 4-6 /O 1-5 ; S 4-5 /T 5-6 ; W 3,4 /O 1-4 ; W 3,4,5 /T 5,6 : Development based on planning and close supervision; Good management of tourism organization at resource points; Improve human resource training.

Appendix 18b: OUTLINE OF SUB-REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT TRENDS II

Based on the SWOT matrix analysis in Table 1.2, we outline the development trend for Sub-region II as follows:

Table 1.2: SWOT Matrix Analysis for Sub-Region II

STRENGTHS

WEAKNESSES
1. DLST is developing strongly.	1. Urbanization rate in many localities
2. Diverse terrain : mountains, seas , rivers, streams ,	like Da Nang , Thua Thien Hue ... fast .
lagoon. Many natural resources have been exploited.	2. Lack of orientation and planning at
3. TNDL are distributed close together and diverse. Located	some TN points
on the cultural heritage axis ranked by UNESCO	3. Projects are unevenly distributed, concentrated in
East-West corridor and class. Many TN are divided into	TN points have advantage.
located on national highways, near urban areas.	4. Awareness of eco-tourism and propaganda work
4. Can develop many special DLST products	transmission to the community is not on par.
enemy. The environment is not polluted.	5. Lack of management and planning team
5. Many large capacity resource points have been	DLST tour guide.
good investment in infrastructure and facilities	6. Many TN points are too "sensitive".
6. There are many large tourism development projects.
OPPORTUNITIES	THREATS
1. Many resource points have been recognized	1. Environmental pollution, ecosystem destruction due to
by international organizations.	urbanization process
2. Increasing trend of international and domestic tourists	2. Pressure on population movement and over-
location and demand for TN.	industrial development at many points
3. Many TNs have large capacity. Can be developed.	TN such as: Xuan Thieu; Dung Quat etc...
many large tourist complexes	3. Cultural tension again.
4. Canh Duong - Hai Van - Non Nuoc cluster	4. Lack of consistency in DL development.
invested by the state to become a key tourism center	Inter-regional planning is still weak.
water and central region.	5. Risk of losing advantage due to division of resources
5. Trends in tourism and business travel	fragmented due to the number of concentrated investment projects
to more and more localities	crowded at some TN points.
6. Resonance with industrial - commercial - tourist cities	6. Loss of competitiveness with other regions
built like Chan May , Dung Quat...	Sea tourism in Asia region

(Source: Author's analysis)

- Coordination S1-6/O1-4; S4 -6 /T 6 ; W 3,6 /O 1-6 ; W 3,4,6 /T 4,5,6 : Synthesized and interconnected: Mountains, seas, lagoons, rivers, streams combined...; Types of eco-tourism are built based on the strengths of each resource . Implement planning for each point, region and inter-region; Good orientation of investment in each resource point.

- Coordinate S 4-6 /O 1-5 ; S 4-5 /T 3-6 ; W 3,4,6 /O 1-4 ; W 3,4,6 /T 5,6 : Develop many large-scale tourist areas such as Bach Ma mountain resort, Lang Co - Canh Duong tourist area , etc., forming urban tourist centers such as Chan May area... Focused investment and development of specific products; Develop eco-tourism associated with the community.

- Coordination S 3,6 /O 1-5 ; S 4-5 /T 3-6 ; W 1-6 /O 1-6 ; W 3,4,6 /T 3-6 : Development based on planning and with close supervision; Combining eco-tourism and the region's tourism strengths.

Research on potential and solutions for developing ecotourism in some key tourist areas of the North Central region - 31

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