Potential for developing charity tourism in Hai Phong

Tourism creates conditions for mutual understanding between nations, forming good personalities, patriotism, and contributing to the preservation of national historical and cultural relics.

Economic function

Tourism contributes to the restoration of human health as well as the ability to work and on the other hand ensures the reproduction and expansion of the labor force with clear economic efficiency. Service tourism is a unique economic sector, affecting both the industry structure and the labor structure of the economy. Tourism is an effective source of foreign currency for many countries, contributing to the enhancement of infrastructure and technical facilities for the community.

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Ecological function

Tourism helps people live in harmony with nature, raises people's awareness of the value of nature, and changes their attitudes and behaviors towards the natural environment. Tourism stimulates the protection, restoration, and optimization of the natural environment, and the rational and sustainable use of natural resources.

Political function

This function is reflected in the role of tourism as a factor promoting and strengthening peace, promoting international relations and expanding understanding between peoples.

1.1.5 Tour

1.1.5.1 Definition of tour and types of tours

Tour is a very important product of the tourism industry, it is composed of many different elements and components. First of all, it is a pre-prepared tour including transportation, accommodation, food, entrance tickets and other services.

Tours can be divided into two basic types:

- Local tour

A type of combined service provided to guests including: transportation, entrance fees, and tourist attractions introduction. Single tours

usually lasting no more than 24 hours, not including accommodation, limited to one location or one city and its surrounding areas.

- Package tour

Is a type of service provided to guests including transportation (including transportation from the airport to the hotel and vice versa), accommodation, sightseeing activities, without geographical limitations and lasting more than 24 hours.

In addition to the two basic types above, we also have another concept of tour.

calendar:

- Independent tour

It is a type of tour designed according to customer requirements to meet

specific requirements of an individual or family including two or more of the following elements: vehicle, accommodation, transportation, landscape, usually taking place over a period of more than 24 hours in a place where tourists are not traveling in a group.

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1.1.5.2 The importance of tourism in life

a. Characteristics of the tour

Tourism is an economic sector, however, tourism products, in addition to having all the characteristics of a commodity product, also have the following specific characteristics and features:

- A tour is an intangible product unlike other physical products that we can observe or touch. There is no specific physical product that the seller can exchange with the buyer at the time of purchase and the user cannot evaluate or check the quality of the product at the time of purchase.

- The quality of a tour depends on many factors of the surrounding environment (service staff attitude or standards, room quality...). These factors have a great influence on the quality of the tour.

- The tour is self-consumable, which means the tour is very perishable, it has to be done on a predetermined date (departure date),

Otherwise the tour will be lost forever, meaning that when the tour is not consumed it cannot be stored and has no value.

- A tour is a bridge between tourists and tourist attractions. Through the tour, tourists will have access to pre-selected tourist attractions.

Through the above characteristics, we see that tours are an important part of tourist destinations. Tours combine elements at tourist destinations such as cultural, historical, and architectural values that will attract and appeal to tourists visiting tourist destinations.

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b. Importance of the tour

Tourism is of great importance to both the destination and the visitors, especially economically.

- For travel

Tourism brings foreign currency to the country and also contributes to the development of the local economy. Because, international tourists will use their country's currency to buy goods, souvenirs as well as to pay for services included in their tour. In that way, foreign currency will penetrate the market, into the economic life of the local tourist destination and make the local economy develop more strongly.

In addition, tourism always creates job opportunities and benefits for local communities. It is the mobilization of maximum participation of local people such as: taking on the role of tour guides, providing accommodation for guests, providing food needs, restoring traditional craft villages and selling souvenirs to guests. Through that, it will create more jobs and increase income for local communities. Moreover, tourism also creates opportunities for cultural exchange and contact with peoples around the world.

- For tourists

The purpose of tourists' travel is to satisfy their need for rest, entertainment, and to improve their understanding within a certain period of time. That leads them to choose tours with different types.

to satisfy individual needs and interests and the level of satisfaction of tourists will be multiplied compared to other regular tours.

This requires tour operators to create different tours so that tourists have diverse options so that they can explore different aspects of a tourist destination, a city, a country. The important thing is that they can enjoy life while still being suitable for their time and money.

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c. Resources involved in forming and implementing tours

Resources play an important role in participating in the formation and implementation of a tour. Because each individual has a function, a separate task contributing to the success of the trip.

- Local tour guide

A person who, for a predetermined period of time (usually no more than one day), is hired by a group of tourists or a single visitor to a tourist destination to explain, interpret and answer questions that arise during that period.

- Tour escort

A person who, for a certain period of time (2 days or more), travels with a group of tourists and is responsible for arranging, organizing, and implementing activities and services in the tour program such as: booking, checking out, eating, playing, as well as explaining about tourist attractions and resolving problems that arise during the trip.

- Tour operator

An individual or company responsible for planning, implementing, promoting, managing and conducting tours.

- Travel consultant

As a person working at a travel agency, advising tourists about tourist attractions and tours as well as performing necessary procedures on behalf of customers such as: booking trips, completing immigration procedures...

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1.1.6 Tour program

1.1.6.1 Definition of tour program

Currently, in the scientific documents on tourism, there is no unified definition of tourism program. The unified point of the definitions is about the content of tourism programs, while the difference comes from the limits, the way of expressing the characteristics and the method of organizing tourism programs. There are many definitions, typically:

According to the travel regulations of the European Union (EU) countries and the UK Association of Travel Agents in the Travel Business Book: “A tour program is a pre-arranged combination of at least two of the following services: accommodation, other services arising from transport or accommodation services and it is sold at a combined price, the duration of the program must be more than 24 hours”.

According to authors Gagnon and Ociepka in the book Development of the Tourism Industry, 6th edition: “A tour program is a pre-determined price travel product, which can be purchased individually or in groups and can be consumed individually or together. A tour program can include and vary in quality any or all of the transportation services, air, road, rail, water, accommodation, sightseeing and entertainment”.

According to the group of authors of the Department of Tourism, National Economics University in the Travel Business Administration textbook: “Package travel programs are prototypes based on which people organize tours with predetermined prices. The content of the tour program shows a detailed schedule of activities from transportation, accommodation, food, entertainment to sightseeing... The price of the trip includes the prices of most services and goods arising during the tour”.

According to the regulations of the Vietnam National Administration of Tourism in the Travel Management Regulations: "A tour program is the schedule of a tour, the content of which includes

Schedule for each session, each day, type of hotel, type of transportation, price of the tour program and free services”.

According to Decree No. 27/2001/ND-CP on travel business and tourist guidance in Vietnam issued on June 5, 2001: “A tour program is a predetermined schedule of a tour organized by travel businesses, which determines the trip time, destination, stops, accommodation services, transportation, various services and program price”.

According to Section 13, Article 4 of the Vietnam Tourism Law: “A tour program is the schedule, services and tour program prices calculated in advance for a tourist's trip from the starting point to the end point of the trip”. [ 3 ]

From the above definitions, a complete definition of a tourism program can be given as follows:

A tour program is a set of services and goods that are pre-arranged and linked together to satisfy at least two different needs during the tourist's tourism consumption process at a pre-determined aggregate price and sold before consumption.

1.1.6.2 Characteristics of the tour program

- A tour program is a guide to performing pre-arranged services, satisfying people's travel needs.

- In a tour program there must be at least 2 services and consumption is arranged in a certain time and space sequence.

- The price of the tour program is the total price of the services included in the program.

- Tour programs must be sold before consumption.

1.1.6.3 Characteristics of tourism programs

- Intangibility.

- Heterogeneity.

- Depends on the reputation of the supplier.

- Highly seasonal and very sensitive to changes in macro-environmental factors.

- Easy to copy and imitate.

- Difficult to sell: Is the result of the above characteristics.

1.1.7 Tourism classification

Tourism activities can be divided into many different groups. There are many ways to classify such as classification by resource environment, classification by territory of operation, classification by geographical characteristics of tourist destinations, classification by means of transportation, classification by type of accommodation, classification by age of tourists, classification by length of trip, classification by form of organization, classification by contract method, classification by purpose of trip, etc.

Classification by purpose of trip:

People's trips can have purely tourist purposes, that is, they go only to visit, rest, entertain, and raise awareness of the surrounding world. Besides, there are people who make trips for different purposes such as religion, study, conference, research... but they take advantage of their free time to visit, rest to appreciate the values of nature and cultural life of the destination. This is called combined tourism.

1.1.7.1. Pure tourism

Sightseeing tour

Sightseeing is an important human activity to enhance understanding of the world around. The object of sightseeing can be a natural tourism resource such as a beautiful landscape, or a human tourism resource such as a temple, pagoda, ancient relic, etc. In terms of meaning, sightseeing is one of the activities that make a trip considered a tourist trip.

Discovery travel

Discovery tourism is divided into two types based on the level and nature of the trip, including discovery tourism and adventure tourism. Discovery tourism is a trip with the purpose of learning about nature, learning about history, learning about customs and traditions... to enhance the understanding of tourists. Adventure tourism is a very popular type of tourism, especially among young people.

Travel to express yourself, to train and discover yourself. Trips through the jungle, rowing on fast-flowing streams, conquering high mountain peaks, skydiving, etc. especially attract adventurers. However, to run this type of tourism, you need to have the necessary equipment to support you, and a mobile, professional rescue team.

Leisure travel

Tourists take this trip with the purpose of relaxing and unwinding to restore their health after stressful working days. The destinations of this type of tourism are quiet places with fresh, pleasant air. In addition to sightseeing and resting, tourists also have the need for entertainment, so it is necessary to pay attention to expanding entertainment areas, parks, casinos, etc.

Sports tourism

Sports tourism emerged to satisfy people's passion for sports. Playing sports (non-professional) to improve physical fitness, restore health... is considered one of the purposes of tourism. Sports activities such as: golf, swimming, fishing, tennis, rowing... are very popular.

Sports tourism is divided into two types: active sports tourism and passive sports tourism. Active sports tourism is when tourists directly participate in sports, while passive tourism is when tourists go to watch sports matches, where tourists are fans.

Festival tourism

Festivals are a very attractive factor for tourists. Participating in festivals, tourists will be immersed in the jubilant, bustling atmosphere of the festivals to temporarily forget the worries of daily life.

Resort travel

One of the important social functions of tourism is to restore community health. Nowadays, due to environmental pollution, stressful work pressure, etc., the need for vacations is increasing. The destinations of this type of tourism are places with pleasant climate, fresh air, beautiful scenery such as rural areas, mountainous areas, beaches, etc.

Potential for developing charity tourism in Hai Phong - 2

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