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Management Solutions for Cheo Art Activities in Hai Phong City


I.

The play








1

Quan Am Thi Kinh

X

X

X

X

X



2

Liu Pingyang Ceremony

X

X

X


X



3

Truong Vien

X

X




X


4

Trinh Nguyen

X







5

Tu Thuc

X







Total:

05

03

02

01

02

01

0

II

Excerpt








1

Thi Mau goes to the temple

X


X

X

X


X

2

Color - Slave - Rich Man

X




X



3

Village chief - Mo's mother

X


X

X

X


X

4

Week Ty - Dao Hue

X


X

X

X


X

5

Witches are afraid of ghosts

X



X

X



6

Liu Pingyang's Ceremony (Act 3)

X



X




7

Suy Van pretends to be crazy




X

X



8

Cu Sut - Te District




X

X



Total:

06

0

03

07

09

0

03

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Management Solutions for Cheo Art Activities in Hai Phong City

[Synthetic Biology Research]

From the survey of the current situation and the data in the above statistical tables, we can have an overview of the performance and conservation activities of professional theaters and troupes across the country:

Firstly: From the perspective of macro management, all professional Cheo art units today are public service units. That also means that these art units exist and operate within the framework of the Party and State's orientation on culture and art. Although they are all public service units, receiving operating funds from the State budget, due to the decentralization of management, as well as the level of investment priority of different management levels and localities, there has been a difference in the basis.


material, financial capacity, artistic capacity among units in the same industry. Compared to the Cheo art units managed by localities, the 3 units: Army Cheo Theater , Vietnam Cheo Theater, Hanoi Cheo Theater have more advantages: 03 theaters are all located in Hanoi - the political, economic, and cultural center of the whole country. This is an advantage, an extremely important factor for artistic activities, as well as for the cause of preserving and developing Cheo art.

While most military art units are managed by military regions and branches, and their scope of operations is internal, the Army Cheo Theater is an art unit managed by the General Department. The theater is given priority in terms of human resources, material resources, and finance to serve military officers and soldiers across the country. In addition to its headquarters, the Army Cheo Theater also invests in building theaters to serve professional work and performances. The Army Cheo Theater has advantages that no other unit has: It has a performance plan and a stable audience; It does not have to worry about revenue; The salary of officers and artists is high compared to the general level of artists in the industry.

With the Vietnam Cheo Theatre, the unit is considered to represent the Cheo art industry, and is also one of 12 art units directly managed by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism. The Vietnam Cheo Theatre is not only invested in human resources and facilities as a national unit, but also prioritized in performance activities, international exchanges... This is also the strength of the Theater. Therefore, the Vietnam Cheo Theatre always holds the number 1 position in the Cheo industry in terms of the quality of its artists, as well as artistic quality.

Hanoi Cheo Theater is an art unit managed by the Hanoi Department of Culture and Sports. The theater not only has a solid team of artists, but also has modern facilities.


quality assurance, but also creating the style and brand of Hanoi Cheo . Because of creating the brand, Hanoi Cheo Theater not only has a large "market" of audiences in the capital, but also wins the affection of audiences in almost all localities across the country.

Apart from the three theatres above, the remaining units are managed by localities. The development of these art units depends not only on the general regime and policies of the State, but also on the level of investment interest, economic resources and specific policies of each locality.

Thus, the uneven decentralization of management and investment has created some advantages, but also created disadvantages. It not only unintentionally creates stratification and inadequacies in human resources, artistic quality, facilities, and development opportunities among art units, but also makes the implementation of conservation activities increasingly difficult to implement.

Second: Regarding facilities and technical means, up to now, almost all units are in a state of deterioration in facilities, lack of uniformity, and backwardness in technical means. Apart from units such as the Vietnam Cheo Theatre , Hanoi Cheo Theatre , Army Cheo Theatre, and Hai Phong Cheo Troupe that have their own theaters, the remaining units do not have theaters. In addition, in the current trend of autonomy and orientation of many localities, art units including Cheo will have to merge into cultural centers or art troupes of the provinces. That means that in the near future, some Cheo art units will only exist as Cheo teams. And thus, the contribution of professional Cheo to conservation activities will become increasingly difficult.

Third: Regarding artistic activities, the survey results also show that currently, in the repertoire of most professional art units, traditional ancient stories are absent. At present, in addition to the Theater


Vietnamese Cheo can perform 5 ancient plays, but no other Cheo art unit can perform 3/7 ancient Cheo plays. Many units can only perform some excerpts of ancient Cheo, such as Quan Am Thi Kinh and Luu Binh.

- Duong Le, Kim Nham but could not perform a whole play. Regarding Cheo music, a large number of ancient Cheo melodies are also at risk of being lost because fewer and fewer people know how to sing them. Artists who can sing 50/150 ancient Cheo melodies are gradually being counted on the fingers. For most public performing art units, Cheo preservation activities are only using music, multi-use melodies and some ancient Cheo excerpts in performance activities, staging new shows. Most of the plays in the current performance program are new Cheo plays, but staging plays also faces many difficulties due to lack of scripts, directors... and lack of audiences. Due to the scarcity of Cheo scripts and directors, many plays are adapted and staged from spoken drama scripts and spoken drama directors, leading to a situation where the quality of the plays is not high, and does not really meet the requirements of genre characteristics. From a conservation perspective, this is a practice that does more harm than good , and the opera cannot retain its original artistic value .

Fourth: Regarding conservation work, it is clear that for a long time now, the issue of preserving Cheo art in particular and traditional theater in general has become a policy of the Party and the State and has been present in the thoughts and wishes of many people and many management levels. However, due to shortcomings right from the management and direction stages, and at the same time due to the lack of scientific and methodical determination of the objects and conservation measures, the issue of preserving Cheo art is still in an unfinished state. On the side of art units, partly due to limited awareness, and partly due to having to struggle to cope with the difficulties in the current social context, no professional Cheo unit has really paid attention to conservation work. In the professional activity plans of some


The unit has mentioned conservation work, but it has only stopped at providing professional training for the unit's actors and re-enacting some ancient stories and traditional excerpts to perform for economic purposes.

In fact, some localities have paid attention to traditional art activities in general and Cheo theater in particular, but the number of such localities is not much and seems to only provide financial support to public performing arts units.

That is the case of the People's Committee of Da Nang City, since 2010, each year the city has supported Nguyen Hien Dinh Tuong Theater with 300 million VND to perform 100 shows for tourists. In order to encourage Cheo artistic talent in the province, since 2007, the People's Committee of Ninh Binh Province has supported each artist of Ninh Binh Cheo Theater, in addition to the main salary, with an additional basic salary. Since 2011, Vinh Phuc Province has supported the artists of Vinh Phuc Cheo Theater, with an additional 2 basic salary coefficients each month... The attention and support of the above localities has helped artists in art units have additional income to feel more secure in their profession. However, that is only a temporary solution to reduce difficulties for artists in the context of traditional theater facing potential risks, not a comprehensive solution to preserve traditional art. In recent years, Hanoi Cheo Theatre has been one of the units with active activities, aiming to preserve Cheo art in depth. With the attention of the city government, since 2013, the Theatre has cooperated with the Hanoi Department of Education and Training to implement the project of bringing Cheo art to high schools in the city. The Theatre has organized hundreds of performances, combined with experts to talk about Cheo art. The project has achieved positive results, receiving a lot of support. Unfortunately, at the present stage, for unknown reasons, the project has been temporarily suspended.


Thus, stemming from shortcomings in management, over the past years, the direction of conservation activities for professional Cheo units seems to have not been effective. Lack of consistent direction has caused confusion among units, resulting in the conservation of Cheo art mainly through staging and performing, with each unit doing its own work. That is not to mention the shortcomings that have given rise to works that do not meet the genre and aesthetic requirements of Cheo theater.

The units are not yet connected and do not have a strategy to preserve the ancestral craft. Furthermore, while Cheo has to compete with many other art forms, the level of investment in Cheo art units is very limited. Therefore, it can be affirmed that most professional Cheo units only focus on how to preserve their own lives. That also means that currently professional units have not really promoted the effectiveness of preserving Cheo art.

3.3. Solutions for managing Cheo art activities in Hai Phong city

3.3.1. Discussion to reach a solution

In the context of current cultural exchange, the stratification and dispersion of audiences for all forms of entertainment is inevitable. The same goes for the art of Cheo, no matter how good Cheo is, it cannot have as many audiences as in the past. But one thing is certain, Cheo with its own artistic values ​​and Vietnamese cultural identity will be the "identity card" to ensure its existence, which means that Cheo will always have its audience. However, a survey of Cheo art preservation activities in general, and Cheo preservation in Hai Phong in particular, has pointed out many shortcomings. Solving the problem of Cheo art preservation is not something that can be solved overnight, and it is not just the responsibility of professional Cheo units.


career

Through a survey of the current situation of professional and amateur rowing activities in some localities, we are forced to reflect and ask the question: Why is it that while professional art units that have existed for decades and have received quite systematic investment from the State in terms of human resources, funding, facilities, etc., are having difficulty sustaining, amateur rowing clubs (which have received almost no investment from the State) are showing a tendency to develop in some localities?

To have a comprehensive answer to this question, more comprehensive studies will certainly be needed, but it is clear that there are fundamental differences between amateur Cheo organizations and professional Cheo art units.

3.3.1.1. Basic characteristics of professional rowing art units

A professional Cheo art unit is a public service unit established by a competent State agency and funded by the State. The team of artists and civil servants of the unit receive salaries from the State budget. The organizational structure of the personnel is appointed and recruited by the superior leaders. Artistic activities follow the general direction of the Party and the State.

Advantages : This is a unified apparatus, an organized agency with labor discipline according to State regulations. The State guarantees the salaries and benefits of salaried employees for cadres and artists. The State invests in facilities and technology for public art units, ensuring regular artistic activities.

Regarding limitations : The organizational structure and personnel are often cumbersome. Professional activities in the unit are imposed and subjective according to administrative orders, so sometimes there are activities that do not serve the common interest. As a revenue-generating public service unit, in the current context, when the country's economy


In a country operating under a market economy, the current subsidized public service unit model is revealing many shortcomings in terms of organizational structure, finance, artistic orientation, etc. In addition, artistic competition is fierce while professional Cheo art units lack the means to operate such as: scripts, actors, musicians, funding , etc., so many units operate ineffectively. Furthermore, the existence of too many public Cheo art units as it is today is not necessarily suitable for the actual needs of society.

3.3.1.2. For non-professional rowing club model

The amateur Cheo theater club is a "playground for entertainment", voluntary, not subject to economic pressure. Among the needs of human nature are entertainment and respect, self-expression. The form of amateur theater club has partly met this need. Reality shows that in society, many people have artistic ability, but for some reasons they do not participate in professional artistic activities, do not consider it a profession to make a living. But under certain conditions, they are willing to participate in entertaining club artistic activities, with the purpose of having fun, singing, participating in social activities, expressing themselves. On the other hand, current Cheo clubs do not require participants to be truly talented. Artistic works do not necessarily have to be standard in content and form. Financial contributions are not much and are voluntary. In the current social context, when the economic life of farmers in many places has become more comfortable, the need for entertainment through art club activities will always be welcomed.

One of the strengths of the amateur rowing club form that professional rowing does not have is: The amateur rowing stage is not only a place to enjoy but also a "folk playground" -

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