Large-scale field model in our country today - 2

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Article "Large model field - new turning point" by author Nguyen Dinh

Bach - Saigon Economic Times March 15, 2012, reflected the superiority of this model as a new turning point for our country's commodity agriculture in the coming years.

Dong Thap Newspaper published on September 25, 2013, an article entitled “High-quality rice field model contributes to restructuring the agricultural sector” evaluated the economic efficiency of the large-scale rice field model in some localities, showing that the profits from this model are higher than those from conventional production, contributing to socio-economic development by the locality’s own internal strength in agricultural production.

VOV Electronic Newspaper on February 24, 2013 - Voice of Vietnam has an article "Efficiency from large-scale fields". Surveyed in Long An, farmers confirmed that this model gives higher yield and quality of rice than other fields while production costs are lower.

Tien Phong newspaper on November 6, 2013 had an article “Worries about small-scale farmer thinking after large-scale fields: Is there a disease of achievement?” The article raised the current situation of some large-scale field models when implemented by An Giang Plant Protection Company in the North, the reason for the failure of the model was due to the fragmented nature of the land, farmers were heavily subsidized, many provinces were following the trend, taking achievements without really paying attention to leadership to create connections.

firmly in the model. The article also raises concerns about output for agricultural products, there is no mechanism for input and output businesses to meet. The linkage of the four parties has not been effectively promoted.

On a practical basis, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development has implemented a number of projects in a number of localities.

In Kien Giang, the project "Application of scientific and technical advances to build large-scale model fields associated with product consumption" is chaired by Mr. Tran Duc Thien - Director of the LLC.

In March 2011, in Can Tho city, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development held a launching ceremony for the construction of large model fields.

In An Giang, the Ministry also held a conference to review the construction and development of large-scale field models in rice production in the South (2012).

Project "piloting large-scale field model construction" in Thai Binh from spring crop 2012.

In August 2012, Bac Lieu Province Plant Protection Department organized the opening of 4 large training courses on building large model fields.

The above works and projects approach the “large-scale field” model from different perspectives, both theoretically and practically, but no work has yet studied the political economy of building a large-scale field model as a superior model to bring our country’s household economy to large-scale production. Therefore, researching this topic will have both theoretical and practical significance.

3. Purpose and tasks of the thesis

3.1. Research purpose

Analyze and evaluate the "Large-scale field" model, thereby proposing solutions to build and replicate this model.

3.2. Research tasks

One is: leaking the requirement to transform household economy to large-scale commodity production, including the 3-house and 4-house linkage model, and the large-scale field model that has just been formed in some places, which is very suitable for current agricultural conditions in Vietnam.

Second: analyze the large-scale field model, the conditions, characteristics, and roles of each associated entity such as: agricultural processing and consumption enterprises; farming households; scientists; and the state.

Third: propose solutions to replicate the large-scale field model.

4. Research objects and scope.

The large-scale field model that has been successfully built in An Giang and the model that is being tested in Thai Binh province were selected to study and generalize the main characteristics of the model.

5. New contributions of the thesis

Analyze and evaluate the current status of the implementation of the large-scale field model in An Giang and Thai Binh, summarize the main characteristics of the model, considering the sustainable linkage of four parties (state, business, farmer, scientist) as the key to success, summarize the difficulties and favorable conditions in the implementation process.

Propose feasible solutions to replicate the model.

6. Research methods

Applying research methods of economic science, especially focusing on the method of generalizing theories from practical documents, synthesizing analysis and using statistical data.

7. Thesis structure

In addition to the introduction, conclusion, and list of references, the thesis is structured into three chapters and seven sections.

Chapter 1 : Household economy and "large-scale fields" - a suitable model to transform household economy into large-scale commodity production.

Chapter 2 : Main characteristics of the "CĐML" model through a survey of some "large-scale field" models in Vietnam.

Chapter 3 : Solutions to build and replicate the "large-scale field" model.

Chapter 1

HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY AND “LARGE MODEL FIELD” – A SUITABLE MODEL TO TRANSFORM HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY TO PRODUCTION

BULK CARGO

1.1. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY

1.1.1 Definition of household economy

There are many concepts of households. Raul Iturna, professor at the University of Lisbon, said: "A household is a group of people of the same bloodline who are closely related to each other in the process of creating objects to preserve themselves and the community" [37, p114]. In terms of statistics, the United Nations said: "A household is a group of people living together under the same roof, eating together and having a common budget" [36, p38]. When surveying "household economy in the development process", Professor TGMc Gee, Director of the Asian Research Institute, commented: "In Asian countries, most people consider a household to be a group of people of the same bloodline or different bloodlines living together under the same roof, eating together and having a common budget" [38]. From the perspective of market economy, we can generally define household economy as follows: Household economy is a type of economy in which production activities mainly rely on family labor combined with means of production owned (or possessed) by the household, primarily to meet the needs of the household itself, only surplus products are sold. That is the nature of household economy, in practice there are specific and different manifestations, so currently in our country there are the following types of households:

Firstly , farmers who do not have capital, do not have necessary agricultural tools and often lack knowledge of agronomy, their business scale is too small, the output is not enough to support their family, so they rent or transfer their land use rights and then go to work for hire, only grow a few vegetables in the garden and raise cattle.

poultry for self-consumption to improve household living standards. This creates conditions for the formation and development of the labor market.

Second , the peasant households that cultivate a little often have to cultivate their land by hiring labor. These households have difficulty borrowing capital, the main labor force of the household often works for hire on the spot or looks for work elsewhere, the farming is assigned to women, the elderly and children, so the household income is very low, easily collapsing, just need a natural disaster or crop failure to fall into bankruptcy. These are half peasant, half worker households, but this type of household can be grouped with the type of household that does not cultivate anything at all into the rural proletariat.

Third, middle-class farming households. These households have a cultivation area suitable for the number of workers in the household. In addition to cultivating on the allocated area, this type of household often rents or receives the transfer of land use rights for an additional area, so in times of emergency, they often hire more workers. A part of this type of household is still heavily self-sufficient, with a very small commercial area. The main purpose of the household is to provide enough food for their family, only surplus products are brought to the market, so their farming is very unstable. Production is for self-sufficiency, so the purchasing power of the household is low, which has hindered the development of agriculture and the market economy. Another part of this type of household has specialized in production, both input and output go through the market, completely producing goods. Fierce competition promoted the differentiation of middle-class farmers into bankrupt ones who had to work for hire and a few who became capitalist farm owners, buying labor on the market.

Fourth , farm owners rent large-scale farming areas for business purposes to make a profit, mainly relying on the use of hired workers. In agriculture, there are also small-scale production sectors that account for a large proportion of the total.

advantages, but with the same conditions, large enterprises are still superior to small enterprises. Farm owners are the representative force of the market economy. But currently in our country, most farms are still small-scale farms, the number of farms that actually produce large-scale goods is not much.

1.1.2. Advantages of household economy

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At the 6th National Party Congress on April 5, 1988, the Politburo issued Resolution No. 10 on "Innovation in agricultural economic management" (commonly known as Contract 10). Resolution 10 clearly stated: "Allocate stable, long-term land to farmers for 10 to 15 years; Perfect the mechanism of contracting final products to cooperative households; Eliminate the work point distribution system, cooperative members only have one obligation to pay taxes; Cooperative households have the right to autonomy over land, enjoying over 40% of contracted output" . Thus, with this Resolution, the productive forces were more strongly liberated from the constraints of the old mechanism. Farmer households became autonomous economic units. Compared to the implementation period

Currently, under the 100 contract, at this stage, the autonomous role of farming households is affirmed and established in practice. Farming households are autonomous not only in the 3 stages as in the previous stage but in the entire production process. The level of autonomy is also higher, in all 3 aspects: ownership, management and distribution. Therefore, the new driving force is promoted for a long time. In many localities, farming households have spent efforts to reclaim wasteland for production, proactively purchasing machinery and tools for production. In terms of quantity, by 1993, our country's countryside had about 11 million farming households distributed in 7 agricultural regions. On average, each commune had 1,000 households and each hamlet had about 200 households [13]. Unlike other