Innovation in Monitoring, Inspection and Evaluation Activities of Investment Results of Programs/Projects

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(ii) open to other subjects to participate, especially those in the private economic sector. (iii) there needs to be an objective selection mechanism according to the mechanism

bidding. However, it is necessary to overcome the situation of low bidding. Especially check carefully in evaluating the capacity of the bidding units. Avoid the situation of "blue army" in the bidding organization.

- Second, it is necessary to create favorable conditions for the implementation of activities.

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activities to implement infrastructure development investment, especially site clearance and capital allocation. Regarding site clearance, it is necessary to enhance the responsibility of local authorities. Resolutely handle violations in site clearance compensation regime for project staff and excessive procrastination of people when not complying with site clearance.

Regarding the funding for project implementation, there are many reasons leading to slow funding such as: slow appraisal and investment decisions for investment projects, many mistakes in the investment implementation process that have to be done over and over again, leading to the situation of "money waiting for projects". According to the report on the disbursement progress of the Ministry of Finance, for the Government bond capital in the period of 2003 to 2006, the State mobilized 24 trillion VND, but the investment projects disbursed very low, only 3 trillion VND, accounting for only about 13% of the total mobilized amount. In particular, development investment using state budget capital does not clearly define the specific role and responsibility of the "Management Entity" which is the State, leading to ineffective use of investment capital, unfocused investment, scattered investment capital arrangement, and prolonging the progress of projects invested by state budget capital.

Therefore, it is necessary to base on the capital that can be mobilized to implement the project,

Ensure timely funding. For the construction of infrastructure for agriculture and rural areas, the issue of progress is extremely important due to the seasonality of agricultural production; due to the impact of weather and climate conditions on the safety of infrastructure.

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The slow progress of the Cua Dat Thanh Hoa irrigation dam project during the flood in September 2007 was one of the reasons leading to the dam failure causing huge losses to the project, which is one of the examples.

- Third, mobilizing local resources for project implementation according to the motto "locality has projects, people have jobs" as implemented in Program 135 is a suitable implementation method for small projects. However, attention should be paid to project quality requirements to mobilize unskilled labor for suitable jobs.

3.2.5. Innovate monitoring and evaluation activities of investment results of Programs/Projects

As the current situation is analyzed. The current situation is that the Ministries and branches

All hold large state development investment programs and projects, including rural infrastructure development investment, each year on average over thousands of billions of VND (statistics from 2001 to 2005 show that the two major programs chaired by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development alone have an annual average of nearly 1 trillion VND). For example: the national transportation system, managed by the Ministry of Transport, is investing in developing the road system to the district level, while the x% road system is almost completely delegated to the locality, which always lacks funds to do this.

Another part is that localities are looking forward to infrastructure development at the village level, x% through the government's national target programs such as the program to eliminate

poverty reduction, 5 million hectare reforestation program, job creation program, biotechnology, sedentarization, clean water and rural environmental sanitation program,...

Meanwhile, each Program has its own characteristics. In addition to the investment for development, the main professional content of each Program also allocates a portion of the budget for infrastructure investment such as inter-modal transport systems, inter-modal transport systems, etc.

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villages, equipment for production, housing infrastructure, electricity and water for households

This investment and development does not follow any planning, system of norms, supervision, or unified policy documents. It depends mainly on the content and development goals of each ministry and each different sector, without a common focal management agency.

As a result, programs are approved by vertical management agencies and implemented according to general regulations of each Ministry and sector.

State development investment annually spends thousands of billions of dong through parallel investment channels that coexist and develop, the results of each program and project

The investment efficiency is evaluated and monitored through parallel channels that feed back to the state management agency of each individual ministry and branch. There is no focal agency to connect the information flows to evaluate and monitor the effectiveness of this development investment. This leads to the control and integration of Programs/Projects in the same area, investment is spread out, overlapped, lacking focus, some investment projects lack capital for a long time while other Programs and projects have excess capital, some investment projects but due to lack of funds must be forced to complete, hand over and put into use, not fully promoting the investment efficiency, only "Commemorative" projects, causing a lot of waste for both the state and the people's contributions.

From the above analysis, we see a gap in management and supervision at the local level, from the district level down. With the highlands of hundreds of square kilometers with several thousand people, how is the infrastructure investment and development? Who is responsible for managing and supervising them and vice versa? This situation urgently requires a unified management and supervision agency for rural infrastructure investment and development from the central to local levels.

Infrastructure investment to serve agricultural production and rural economy will create

driving force not only for the development of the whole economy - x% of the country,

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help exploit all potentials and comparative advantages of each economic region in terms of natural conditions of land, climate, culture - society. Creating trade exchanges and market information not only helps people in remote areas develop the economy but also develop culture - society, contributing to improving the quality of life of rural people to keep up with the development of the economy - culture - society with urban people. Therefore, innovating activities

Monitoring, checking and evaluating project results is a necessary and urgent task. Innovations focus on the following issues:

- Firstly, innovation in the organization of inspection and supervision activities. In our opinion, inspection and supervision activities will be mainly carried out by two organizations. These are state management agencies and independent consulting and supervision organizations (for large projects) or construction supervision departments and technicians (for small projects).

Regarding the inspection and supervision functions of state management agencies: The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development needs to have a unified national supervision agency from the central to local levels. Regarding the inspection and supervision functions of technicians: it is necessary to establish

The unit is independent of the contractors, even hiring international supervision consultants for large projects and contractors who fail to win the bid to consult on that project.

- Second, it is necessary to develop specific supervision regulations and responsibilities in supervision, especially the supervision of construction of infrastructure works. There must be a strict reward and discipline policy for construction activities that violate the law. Enhance the effectiveness of conclusions and take timely remedial measures after the conclusions of inspection and supervision departments. Especially the conclusions of the technical department supervising construction.

- Third, it is necessary to promote the role of inspection and supervision by the Community and people in the construction of agricultural infrastructure. Implement well the regulations.

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democratic regime in supervising the construction of works in the agricultural and rural infrastructure system according to the mechanism of "people know, people discuss, people do, people inspect", especially infrastructure works under the construction and management scope of the village, commune and district levels. These are places where the people's supervisory role can be highly promoted.

- Fourth, it is necessary to innovate the monitoring and evaluation of the effectiveness of projects.

investment. In the assessment, it is necessary to determine a set of assessment indicators based on a survey of assessments of countries with achievements in building infrastructure in general and infrastructure serving agricultural production. This is a necessary task and has extremely complex contents. Therefore, the thesis will present it in a separate part.

3.2.6. Innovate and improve the evaluation of the effectiveness of infrastructure investment

Evaluation of the effectiveness of infrastructure investment is an activity of monitoring and inspection.

evaluate the results of infrastructure investment projects. However, due to the importance and complexity of the problem, the thesis would like to mention it as a solution.

independent with the following main contents:

3.2.6.1. The necessity and possibility of applying the Indian formula in building a set of criteria to evaluate the effectiveness of infrastructure development activities for agricultural production and services in our country.

- The requirement of investment is to evaluate financial efficiency and economic efficiency. That evaluation is not only done when building the project, but more importantly, when implementing the project. Because when implementing the project, many problems arise that distort the calculations when building the project. Moreover, only after implementing the project will the impacts of the project be shown.

The evaluation of investment efficiency must show the total investment efficiency from the total cost of infrastructure investment to the impacts it brings to production. Meanwhile, currently, all three areas above do not have a theoretical basis.

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Which unified science can calculate specific quantitatively to evaluate the economic efficiency - x% of the total association of infrastructure investment in production and services.

- A survey of the use of India 's assessment criteria shows that:

+ The use of the Indian formula has been tested and applied in all 21 states of India and achieved very good results. The results of the calculation of the level of influence and correlation in increasing agricultural productivity through the calculation formulas confirm: Investment items in irrigation infrastructure and investment in agricultural service infrastructure such as: the number of financial agencies, agricultural and forestry product trading markets, fertilizers, pesticides, the number of veterinary agencies and their activities have a direct impact on improving agricultural productivity (Appendix 1).

The results of the calculations show the relationship between agricultural infrastructure and farming patterns with agricultural productivity and agricultural infrastructure and farming patterns. These relationships are recognized by scientists, managers and agricultural producers in India .

+ India is a country with many factors similar to Vietnam in terms of conditions for developing agricultural production such as: climate, political - economic - cultural - social conditions, intellectual level as well as customs and habits very close to Vietnam. Due to the similar climatic conditions to Vietnam, there are groups of crops and livestock in agricultural production, so the conditions of cultivation processes and farming techniques can also be applied to each other. However, the use of this formula requires calculation, adjustment and reconstruction of a set of criteria/indicators on infrastructure suitable for the conditions of economic - social development in general, and Vietnam's agricultural sector in particular.

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3.2.6.2. Method of developing a set of criteria to evaluate the effectiveness of infrastructure development investment serving agricultural production after investment.

To have an accurate monitoring and evaluation tool, it is necessary to develop a unified set of indicators that can link or reflect the real value of the effectiveness of a capital investment in infrastructure serving directly and indirectly agricultural production from the forestry and irrigation sectors. Based on data collected from statistical sources (in about 30 years) and basic survey information,... the proposed set of tools should be adjusted.

Investment capital for projects using the state budget as well as those with state investment origin in rural areas, especially remote areas, in addition to the above increased values, it is necessary to prioritize the selection of enhancing cultural and social values in general as well as traditional values of each different ethnic region.

The research thesis proposes a set of criteria for selecting infrastructure projects of the three fields of forestry, irrigation and agriculture (L - T - N). Based on the summary of research of a number of studies by domestic and foreign scientists on the methodology as well as calculation methods of the three fields above to build a set of indicators to effectively link

Infrastructure investment is calculated in the order of "water flow" from high to low, from forestry to irrigation and agriculture, as a basis for synthesizing calculations and selecting concentrated or adjusted options, supplementing infrastructure construction investment for each key field for each region, province or administrative unit within the project area, or selecting project areas that have not met the set criteria to continue monitoring and evaluating investment efficiency and subsequent solutions.

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3.2.6.3. Issues to note when using the Indian formula and selection criteria suitable for agricultural production conditions in Vietnam

- Because the system of low economic and technical norms in basic construction investment in our country is outdated and constantly changing due to the transition process, it is difficult to unify the assessment and calculation of the overall economic and social efficiency. For example: the cost norms for investment preparation are very low, the work

Field investigation and assessment of the current situation are done hastily and perfunctorily. The data collected is mainly from the available data system, which is outdated, inaccurate, inconsistent over the years and often incomplete, leading to the project investment being unusable, not meeting the needs of local production development, causing loss and waste of State development investment capital, while State investment capital for the agricultural sector is still low and tends to decrease. The State only focuses on investing in rural infrastructure in ethnic minority mountainous areas to create momentum for balanced development between rural and urban areas.

Therefore, when using the Indian formula with an incomplete data system like in Vietnam, calculating the correlation between agricultural productivity and specific infrastructure investment items will not yield accurate figures that truly reflect the situation.

- Through the analysis and research of the formula for calculating the agricultural infrastructure index of India , the percentage was built and applied to calculations on 21 states of India , giving specific results, indicating the correlation between investment in infrastructure items and the increase or decrease in crop productivity, helping macro managers, as well as investors have a basis for orientation to adjust, supplement, or choose to invest in construction items that can promote the highest crop productivity to maximize.

effectively with infrastructure investment capital, as well as focusing on replicating reasonable farming models for high productivity, product quality, sustainable production and environmental security.

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