7) Training and fostering to improve the organizational and business management capacity of import-export businesses.
The State facilitates exports by applying market penetration measures and facilitating the consumption of goods abroad. This is often expressed as follows:
+ Establish research institutes to provide information for exporters (Trade Promotion Department under the Ministry of Trade and Trade Promotion Centers under the Departments of Trade).
+ Training staff and experts to help exporters.
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+ Establish State agencies abroad to conduct on-site research on the situation of commodity markets, traders and policies of the host country's Government.
State management of export activities is increasingly improved and perfected in the direction of encouraging exports. The State also needs to arrange the establishment and innovation of the activities of trade departments and Lao trade representatives abroad, in order to promote business opportunities for Lao enterprises, in line with the marketing needs and efficiency of enterprises. These agencies need to focus on researching market information and providing it promptly to domestic enterprises, ensuring responsiveness and helping enterprises to promptly respond to market changes and grasp new emerging needs. At the same time, it is also necessary to consider and agree to allow Lao enterprises to open representative offices abroad to consolidate and develop the market. In addition, it is necessary to perfect the apparatus and improve the quality of operations of relevant ministries and branches to meet the requirements of State management of import and export, and have appropriate and strict regulations between the agencies managing and operating import and export activities to properly implement the business law.
In addition, the Ministry of Commerce needs to enhance its management role in activities.
trade, including import and export activities. To promote import and export activities, especially import and export activities with ASEAN and EU markets, the Ministry of Trade needs to further affirm its role. Strengthen export financing activities to regional and world markets.
One of the necessary and sufficient conditions for businesses to stand firm and develop in a market economy is that businesses need to improve their business management and organization capacity.
First of all, it is necessary to build a long-term, specific business strategy:
Must have a firm grasp of existing laws, recommend adjustments and supplements to missing or no longer appropriate laws.
The industry's management apparatus needs to reorganize departments in a streamlined, efficient manner to meet business requirements in the new mechanism.
Establish a market department and this department will be responsible for firmly grasping the market prices of the products that the business is trading, planning to trade, predicting market prices in the near future, researching market tastes and needs, doing marketing work, drafting transaction documents, etc.
Arrange to use staff appropriately. It is necessary to review the team, employees with weak capacity who cannot meet the requirements of the job need to have a training plan and retrain or transfer to departments with lower tasks.
8) Increase investment, promote production restructuring
Currently, the agricultural, forestry and fishery sector accounts for 27% of export turnover with the main products being coffee, wood and wood products, corn, livestock products, vegetables and fruits. The growth rate of this group is expected to be only 13% in the coming years. The development direction of this group in the next 10 years is to improve productivity, quality and value. To achieve this goal, there needs to be appropriate investment in the seed and
Post-harvest technology, including packaging, preservation, transportation... to create breakthroughs in productivity and product quality.
For the entire agricultural, forestry and fishery group, it is necessary to pay special attention to the stages of improving plant and animal breeds, processing, preservation, food hygiene, transportation, packaging and distribution so that they can be brought directly to the consumer stage, thereby increasing added value.
The general direction for the agricultural, forestry and fishery products in the coming time is to develop in depth, improve the quality and added value of products. Firstly, it is necessary to continue the policy of shifting the agricultural structure in line with market orientation. Secondly, to improve export efficiency, it is necessary to improve the quality and added value of products through investment in seeds, irrigation, agricultural extension work and especially investment in post-harvest processing and preservation technology. Thirdly, it is necessary to continue implementing the policy of diversifying markets, especially for products whose exports are still heavily dependent on a few markets or a number of market areas. Fourthly, it is necessary to complete policies to support strategic exports of forestry and fishery products, develop financial and credit instruments such as payment risk insurance, document discounting to support businesses in penetrating new markets, and take measures to quickly reduce input service costs for exports to reduce costs. Fifth, is to form a synchronous policy mechanism to implement the policy of product consumption, encourage links between producers and consumers to improve export efficiency. Sixth, is to enhance the role of industry associations, ensure close links between production sectors and exporters for the purpose of improving export efficiency.
To ensure stability for production, the focus of the coming years must be to continue to strongly implement the transformation according to the plan; Specific plans, ensuring effective agricultural production structure must take the market as the main target.
The market should be oriented, the transformation must have a master plan strategy, along with the strategy are necessary sanctions. It is necessary to increase the proportion of investment capital from the State budget for economic restructuring in agriculture, investment needs to ensure balance and synchronization between the processing industry and raw material areas towards the goal of large-scale industrial production of goods, high productivity and product quality, meeting the requirements of the domestic and world markets. Shift from investment in exploiting natural forests to adequate capital for planting forests and rare medicinal plants, increase capital for scientific research, technology transfer, and invest appropriately in post-harvest preservation and processing. The State needs to have appropriate policies for domestic and foreign enterprises to participate in investment in production development. Business such as policies on land, capital, credit, human resource training, in which it is known to encourage investment in building production and processing facilities for export.
9) Strengthen regional and global linkages, organize trade promotion
trade
Lao PDR is a full member of ASEAN. Road
The foreign policy of the Lao Party and State in international and regional cooperation is increasingly important. Currently, the economies of Southeast Asian countries are in the process of linking to build a prosperous economic future in the region. The ASEAN bloc is paying more attention to the common activities of the whole region to continue to push back and overcome the consequences of the recent financial and monetary crisis.
To quickly integrate into the region and the world, the Government must organize trade promotion such as: opening more representative offices, establishing information centers.
Laos' economy still has many difficulties, especially in terms of infrastructure development.
The infrastructure is still low. To overcome these difficulties, in addition to promoting internal strength, Laos needs the assistance of external resources to integrate into the regional and world economy.
* Conditions for implementing policies to promote the export of strategic goods of the Lao PDR.
Currently, businesses have quickly become familiar with e-commerce, have websites for sales and introduce designs in English, are beautiful and always updated with information. Many businesses believe that the role of the Lao community abroad as well as foreign businesses doing business in Laos has somewhat shortened the time in finding partners. Up to now, the Government has issued many policies and measures to promote exports. These include incentives on value added tax for imported goods as raw materials for producing export goods, on-site export goods; allowing the establishment of an industry insurance fund, establishing a fund to support trade promotion, increasing support for this activity, reducing fees and charges to improve the competitiveness of export goods, reforming to simplify customs procedures, export licenses, the Government also issued a decision including many policies to encourage the consumption of strategic goods through signing contracts between businesses and farmers. The Ministry of Finance has also reasonably adjusted the tax rate for raw materials that cannot be produced domestically, creating conditions for businesses to implement a roadmap to reduce costs and increase the competitiveness of goods. Guidance on the application of 0% value added tax for Lao enterprises for raw materials for export and goods for on-site export. General inspection to decide to cancel fees set by agencies and businesses, reduce import and export procedures, quickly carry out tax refunds, shorten the time for businesses to store goods in warehouses and yards... In addition, the import-export industry and import-export businesses also invest a lot.
for professional training for officials in the industry. Market forecast information from management agencies is increasingly reliable. The State Bank needs to accelerate international payment relations, create favorable conditions and ensure payment of export enterprises. Provide guidance on lending capital to producers and enterprises signing contracts, expand preferential export credit policies, promote the provision of medium-term and long-term preferential credit for investment in production and export development. Organize more domestic fairs and exhibitions to introduce export goods, and participate in international exhibitions taking place in countries in the region and around the world. Furthermore, the Government needs to invest more in infrastructure such as opening up traffic routes, organizing good exploitation of seaports that Vietnam lends.
3.3.3. Solutions for inspection, monitoring and summary of implementation
Based on the current status of Laos' strategic export products and the difficulties that Laos' exports are facing, and in order to build a suitable policy for developing strategic export products, Laos' Foreign Trade needs to take the following initial basic steps:
* Developing domestic raw material production for export
In building a strategy for developing strategic export products, it is impossible not to take into account the development of domestic raw material production for export. Therefore, it is necessary to build and develop key areas with large-scale production of some key export products and a neighboring area producing large volumes of products that can support exports; to establish a strong infrastructure and service network; to have a strong and modern industry. In the overall planning of the whole country, it is planned to build 20 concentrated industrial parks, high-tech industrial parks and export processing zones in areas with favorable conditions.
to increase production capacity, export, attract new technology, and create jobs.
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development has just released a plan for fruit and vegetable development in 2010, focusing on the target of increasing the average operating capacity of 24 factories and 48 fruit and vegetable processing facilities from 20% - 25% to 30% - 35% of the designed capacity... producing 3.2 million tons of fruit and vegetables on an area of 1.23 million hectares. Of which, vegetable output is 1 million tons, fruit is 2.2 million tons with an export turnover of 1.5 million USD. In 2003, the total area of fruit and vegetable cultivation in the country was 1.23 million hectares.
The textile industry has also focused on investing in developing raw material areas such as cotton, silk, synthetic fibers, along with developing the petrochemical industry. Up to now, Laos still has to import about 90% of the initial raw material needs for the textile industry. Increasing the proportion of domestic origin value in textile products is both a mandatory requirement of the import market and to increase export profits. Developing textile products as raw materials for the export garment industry.
In the coming time, it is necessary to plan raw material areas for production, have policies for craft villages, train traditional craftsmen, and expand joint ventures with foreign countries to improve the quality and design of goods, while diversifying export methods, supporting trade promotion; and making appropriate investments to build production facilities with full and modern equipment, especially in densely populated areas.
Attract investment from all economic sectors in the country, all domestic and foreign capital sources to quickly develop the fisheries industry into one of the relatively strong sectors of the Lao economy. Mineral export is the spearhead of the industry's economy, both to attract and expand inputs, and to create stable markets domestically and abroad.
Industrial crops have been developed on a large scale according to the farm model on lands suitable for growing industrial crops. Planning large industrial crop growing areas aims to create conditions for building infrastructure to serve industrial crops and applying modern farming techniques.
* Increase investment in technological innovation
The orientation on science and technology development has been expressed in the Resolution of the Central Committee of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party: "Along with education and training, science and technology are the top national policies, the driving force for socio-economic development, and the necessary conditions to maintain national independence and successfully build socialism. Industrialization and modernization of the country must be equal to and based on science and technology. Our Party and State have investment policies to encourage and support the development of science and technology. Science and technology are the key content in all activities of all sectors and levels, and are the main factors to promote economic growth and strengthen national defense and security". Therefore, in recent times, the Lao Party and State have been trying to create all conditions, economic resources as well as the country's abundant human resources, focusing on investment in technological innovation and production development.
On the State side , measures to increase investment in technological innovation have been carried out such as:
- Use tax and credit tools to support businesses in applying modern technology, in line with the State's priority directions. Apply low import tax regimes for advanced technology equipment. Exempt all taxes for products in the trial production period using new technology. Reduce corporate income tax for a number of years for products made using new technology applied for the first time in Laos, and have preferential policies for the application of domestically created technology.