Implementing cultural heritage conservation policy at Cat Tien archaeological site

VIETNAM ACADEMY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES

Academy of Social Sciences

TRIEU VAN KHOAY

IMPLEMENTING CONSERVATION POLICIES, CULTURAL HERITAGE AT CAT TIEN ARCHEOLOGICAL SITE

Industry: Public Policy Code: 8340402

SCIENTIFIC INSTRUCTOR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, DR. BUI VAN LIEM

LAM DONG, 2021

COMMITMENT

This thesis is my personal research work, conducted under the direct guidance of Associate Professor, Dr. Bui Van Liem. The data and scientific arguments presented in this thesis are completely honest and have never been published in other scientific works.

Lam Dong, September 30, 2021

Student

Trieu Van Khoay

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

During the process of writing this thesis, I encountered many difficulties, but thanks to the enthusiastic help and encouragement of teachers, brothers, sisters, friends, family and relatives, I have now completed the proposed plan.

First of all, I would like to express my special gratitude to my supervisor, Associate Professor, Dr. Bui Van Liem, who has guided and helped me throughout the process of writing my thesis. I would like to sincerely thank Associate Professor, Dr. Bui Chi Hoang, Dr. Le Dinh Phung, Dr. Dao Linh Con, ... Cultural and historical researchers have provided documents for my awareness and reference throughout the process of writing my thesis. These documents have helped me expand my knowledge about the process of cultural history in general and the issue of promoting the cultural values of relics in particular... Once again, I would like to thank the scientists with all my heart and deep gratitude. I also thank the teachers in the Faculty of Public Policy, Tay Nguyen Institute of Social Sciences for imparting to me the foundations of specialized knowledge throughout my studies so that I have new knowledge and awareness - which has supported me a lot during the process of writing my thesis. Finally, I would like to express my gratitude to my parents, siblings, and friends who have always been there to support and encourage me in life as well as during my studies. In this thesis, there are certainly some shortcomings and limitations. I hope to receive valuable contributions from teachers and readers to make this thesis more complete.

THANK YOU VERY MUCH!

Lam Dong, September 30, 2021

Student

Trieu Van Khoay

INDEX

COMMITMENT ............................................................................................................ .

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................................................................................ .

INTRODUCTION 1

Chapter 1 17

THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL BASIS OF IMPLEMENTING CULTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION POLICY AT CAT TIEN ARCHEOLOGICAL SITE 17

1.1. Some basic concepts 17

1.2. Role and characteristics of Cat Tien archaeological site 28

1.3. Policies, guidelines and policies of the Party, State and Lam Dong province on preserving cultural heritage at Cat Tien archaeological site. 35

Chapter 1 Summary 39

Chapter 2 41

CURRENT STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION POLICY AT CAT TIEN ARCHEOLOGICAL SITE 41

2.1. Factors affecting the policy of preserving cultural heritage at Cat Tien archaeological site 41

2.2. The process of implementing policies on cultural heritage conservation at Cat Tien archaeological site. 45

Chapter 2 Summary 54

Chapter 3 55

DIRECTIONS AND SOLUTIONS TO IMPROVE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF IMPLEMENTING CULTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION POLICIES AT CAT TIEN ARCHEOLOGICAL SITE

3.1. The need to improve the effectiveness of implementing policies on cultural heritage conservation at Cat Tien archaeological site 55

3.2. General planning policy 56

3.3. Solutions to improve the effectiveness of implementing policies on cultural heritage conservation at Cat Tien archaeological site 57

Chapter 3 Summary 70

CONCLUSION 73

LIST OF REFERENCES 75

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

TCXD

Construction standards
TCVN	Vietnam Standard
TT-BXD	Circular of Ministry of Construction
KCH	Archeology
Decree	Government Decree
Publisher	Publishing house
Social Sciences	Social science
DSVH	Cultural heritage
Dl-Dv	Travel - services
Assoc.Prof.Dr.	Associate Professor, PhD
TK	Century
QD-UB	Committee Decision

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INTRODUCTION

1. Urgency of the topic

Lam Dong is an ancient land in the Southern Central Highlands, where many archaeological sites have been discovered and studied. Cat Tien Archaeological Site (Lam Dong) was discovered in 1985. The excavation and research of the site has brought unexpected results, causing great impact on the study of culture, history and archaeology of this land. This is a large complex of relics including many brick and stone structures scattered on the left bank of the Dong Nai River with a length of more than 18km from Quang Ngai commune to Duc Pho and Gia Vien communes of Cat Tien district, mainly concentrated in the area of Quang Ngai commune. The scientific values of history, culture, architecture, religion, ... are shown through the richness and uniqueness of the relics and artifacts discovered through excavations, which have created special attraction and interest among domestic and foreign scientists. Cat Tien relic site is large in scale, containing many valuable documents underground showing unique features and close relationships with Champa culture, Oc Eo culture and Indian culture. With these special values, Cat Tien archaeological relic was recognized as a special national relic by the Prime Minister in 2014.

Over the past 30 years, since its discovery in 1985, research, archaeological surveys and conservation activities of Cat Tien relics are still ongoing. Studies on Cat Tien archaeological relics by scholars over the past long time, although not yet unified, have contributed to affirming the value of the relic. At the same time, this is also an assessment of the level of relic conservation that has not really been systematized, analyzed and summarized, and scientifically answered in a systematic, complete and accurate manner. In which, the issues of age, owner, function of each relic, systematization of the process of the relic, the relationship between Cat Tien archaeological relics and Phu Nam - Oc Eo culture and Champa culture? More specifically, the conservation work still has certain limitations. The situation of architectural bricks being returned to the ground due to the historical process of temples, towers, and other architectural works being displaced by many objective and subjective factors

The above basic issues have not yet determined the distribution map, the zoning in the overall of the relics in the whole complex, the map of the relic items, ... the working headquarters, and the specialized research area, established the inherent values of the relic complex as well as not yet oriented the conservation tasks despite the special attention of all levels and sectors. From the above basic issues, the basic limitations of conservation activities over the past time have been revealed. It is necessary to have a general research project on public policies related to conservation activities at Cat Tien archaeological site in order to select and apply necessary and useful policies suitable to the specific conditions of the locality in order to orient the goals for conservation activists, create motivations to achieve the goals, promote positive aspects, overcome limitations, create balance of resources, control goals and resources to build orientations that adapt to each period of society and create a suitable and reasonable environment in the era of industrialization and modernization of the country, clearly reflected in the system of local development resolutions. Conservation of Cat Tien archaeological site will be a political task in the process of developing the Central Highlands and Southeast regions, a leading scientific task of turning point in the process of shifting the economic structure of the region and the locality.

As a staff member currently working at Lam Dong Museum , directly participating in many activities on research, protection, conservation, restoration and promotion of the value of the relic, with the scientific guidance of Associate Professor, Dr. Bui Van Liem, I boldly chose the topic " Implementing the policy of preserving cultural heritage at Cat Tien archaeological site " for my Master's thesis. With the hope of contributing to systematizing documents, understanding the current status of the relic, conducting new research and proposing mechanisms, guidelines and policies of the Party and State to provide solutions to preserve and promote cultural values at Cat Tien archaeological site. I hope that in the near future, Cat Tien archaeological site will become an attractive destination, both a place to effectively experience the cultural and historical values of Lam Dong province and a scenic spot attracting domestic and foreign tourists, contributing to

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