Guidelines, Guidelines, and Policies of the Party, State, and Lam Dong Province on Cultural Heritage Conservation at Cat Tien Archaeological Site.

divided into two groups: decorative blocks and decorative sculptures. Architectural decorative blocks are expressed through the creation of decorative blocks for the base and architectural walls. Decorative sculptures are expressed on brick and stone materials, the main themes used are flowers and leaves, especially lotus flowers.

The results of archaeological excavations confirm that the religious structures were built according to architectural models influenced by Indian religion and culture in terms of space as well as architectural models, which are temples and worship towers. When building Cat Tien architectural works, the ancients followed the basic teachings of Indian religion and culture.

+ Crafting techniques demonstrate the combination of many indigenous and imported cultural elements with diversity in types, materials and crafting techniques.

+ The architectural complex is built on a large scale, including many rich and diverse architectures in terms of type and plan, using brick and stone materials to build according to the religious beliefs of Balamon, in the front there is a ceremonial yard, entrance, architectural plan in the form of stepped corners.

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The value of the Cat Tien archaeological relic complex is a relic of the religious culture of the ancient inhabitants of the Southern region. This relic has its own unique characteristics imbued with national cultural identity, and has cultural relations and exchanges with cultures heavily influenced by Indian culture such as Champa culture and Oc Eo culture.

1.3. Policies, guidelines and policies of the Party, State and Lam Dong province on preserving cultural heritage at Cat Tien archaeological site.

1.3.1. The Party's viewpoints, policies and guidelines and the State's policies on preserving cultural heritage.

In the period of comprehensive national renovation, especially the development of the Party's theoretical thinking on preserving and promoting the values of national cultural heritage, not only has theoretical significance but also has a great effect in preserving and promoting the values of cultural heritage, preventing the degradation and abuse of relics.

history, cultural heritage of the nation. At the same time, it has strongly impacted the cause of building an advanced Vietnamese culture, imbued with national identity, creating momentum for the development of tourism, "a smokeless industry" bringing high economic benefits to the country.

Law on Cultural Heritage and Law amending and supplementing a number of articles of the Law on Cultural Heritage of the 12th National Assembly, 5th session passed on June 18, 2009;

- Decree No. 98/2010/ND-CP dated September 21, 2010 of the Government detailing the implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Cultural Heritage and the Law amending and supplementing a number of articles of the Law on Cultural Heritage.

- Decision No. 2890-VH/QD dated September 27, 1997 of the Ministry of Culture and Information on recognizing Cat Tien archaeological site as a National Relic.

- Decision No. 05/QD-BVHTT dated February 6, 2003 of the Ministry of Culture and Information on promulgating regulations on preservation, restoration and rehabilitation of historical - cultural relics and scenic spots;

- Official dispatch No. 804/DSVH-DT dated November 21, 2010 of the Department of Cultural Heritage - Ministry of Culture - Sports and Tourism on editing and supplementing the Investment Project for the construction of Cat Tien archaeological site, Lam Dong;

- Official dispatch No. 847/DSVH-DT dated December 14, 2011 of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism on appraisal, supplementation and adjustment of the project to preserve and restore Cat Tien archaeological relic, Lam Dong;

- Official dispatch No. 591/DSVH - DT dated September 21, 2012 of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, Department of Cultural Heritage on appraisal, supplementation and adjustment of the project to preserve and restore the Cat Tien archaeological site, Lam Dong;

- Official dispatch No. 3922BVH TT DL-DSVH dated November 5, 2012 of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism on the implementation of the project to preserve and restore Cat Tien archaeological relic, Lam Dong;

- 125/2007/QD-TTg - Decision approving the National Target Program on Culture for the 2006 - 2010 period Issued: July 31, 2007

- 56/2006/ND-CP - Decree on administrative sanctions for violations in cultural and information activities Issued: June 6, 2006

- 86/2005/ND-CP - Decree on management and protection of underwater cultural heritage.

Issued: July 8, 2005

- 36/2005/QD-TTg - Decision on Vietnam Cultural Heritage Day Issued: February 24, 2005

- 102/2003/TTLT/BTC-BVHTT - Circular Guiding the content, expenditure levels and management of funds for implementing the National Target Program on culture until 2005 Issued: October 30, 2003

- 59/2003/QD-BVHTT - Decision on ranking historical and cultural relics and scenic spots. Issued: October 29, 2003

- 46/2003/QD-BVHTT - Decision on revoking the decision on ranking historical and cultural relics and scenic spots. Issued: August 15, 2003

- 05/2003/QD-BVHTT - Decision on promulgating the Regulations on preservation, restoration and rehabilitation of historical - cultural relics and scenic spots. Issued: February 6, 2003

- 28/2001/QH10 - Law of the National Assembly No. 28/2001/QH10 on cultural heritage. Issued: July 12, 2001

- 31/2001/ND-CP - Decree on administrative sanctions for violations in the field of culture and information. Issued: June 26, 2001

- 288-HDBT - Decree regulating the implementation of the Ordinance on the protection and use of historical and cultural relics and scenic spots. Issued: December 31, 1985

- 14-LCT/HĐNN7 - Ordinance on Protection and Use of Historical and Cultural Relics and Scenic Landscapes. Issued: April 4, 1984

- No. - Resolution on the situation, tasks and 3-year plan (1958-1960) for economic development and renovation, and cultural development. Issued: December 14, 1958

- No. - Resolution on social and cultural work. Issued: January 22, 1957 During the period of promoting industrialization, modernization and integration

Internationally, the Party and State have issued many policies and guidelines to protect and promote the value of cultural heritage to improve people's spiritual life, contributing to the socio-economic development of the country.

Article 30 of the 1992 Constitution stipulates: “The State and society preserve and develop Vietnamese culture: national, modern, humanistic; inherit and promote the values of the cultures of Vietnamese ethnic groups,... absorb the quintessence of human culture; promote all creative talents among the people. In November 1993, the 4th Central Conference of the 7th tenure dedicated a resolution on a number of cultural and artistic tasks in the coming years. Among the six orientations on ideological work, there is a major orientation on cultural development with two basic contents: promoting national cultural identity and absorbing the quintessence of human culture.

The document that has the strategic orientation for current cultural development is the Resolution of the 8th Central Committee, Session V, which clearly stated: “Building and developing an advanced Vietnamese culture, imbued with national identity, absorbing the quintessence of human culture, making culture permeate the entire life and social action, into each person, each family, each collective and community, each residential area, into each area of life and human relations”. “Cultural heritage is an invaluable asset, connecting the national community, the core of national identity, the basis for creating new values and cultural exchange. Great importance is attached to preserving, inheriting, and promoting traditional cultural values (scholarly and folk), revolutionary culture, including both tangible and intangible culture”.

1.3.2 Policies, guidelines and policies of Lam Dong province on preserving cultural heritage at Cat Tien archaeological site

- Decision No. 2893/QD-UB dated January 2, 2004 of Cat Tien District People's Committee on approving the project "Master plan for socio-economic development of Cat Tien district, Lam Dong province, period 2001 - 2010"

- Official dispatch No. 157/SVH-DT dated December 2, 2004 of Cat Tien District People's Committee on approving the project: "Master plan for socio-economic development of Cat Tien district, Lam Dong province, period 2001 - 2010"

- Decision No. 2229/QD-UBND dated September 6, 2007 of Lam Dong Provincial People's Committee on approving the detailed planning for the construction of Cat Tien Archaeological Site, Cat Tien District, Lam Dong Province;

- Official dispatch No. 229/SVH-TT-DL dated April 25, 2011 of the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism on completing the legality of investment in restoration and embellishment of Cat Tien archaeological site;

- Official dispatch No. 234/SVH-TT-DT dated May 25, 2011 of the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism on completing the dossier of the Project to preserve and restore Cat Tien archaeological relic;

- Official dispatch No. 12/DSVH-DT dated August 24, 2011 of the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism on checking the content of the project dossier for the conservation and restoration of Cat Tien relic;

- Official dispatch No. 196/KHĐT-XDTD dated March 22, 2013 on amending the project to preserve and restore Cat Tien archaeological site, Lam Dong province.

- Official dispatch No. 1361/SVHTTDL dated April 17, 2013 of the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism on the implementation of the project to preserve and restore the Cat Tien archaeological site, Lam Dong province.

Chapter 1 Summary

Chapter one deals with general issues, which are the basis for the thesis. First of all, it is a system of basic concepts about policies, heritage, preservation, promotion, cultural values and issues related to these concepts. The concepts of public policy and cultural preservation policy are concepts that have been used quite a lot recently with many different understandings. Therefore, the thesis presents concepts for unified common use, as the basis for the analysis in the thesis in the following chapters.

Chapter 1 also provides a general overview of the status of documents related to the policy of preserving and promoting the value of historical and cultural relics in general and at the Cat Tien archaeological site in particular. These documents have shown that the implementation of the policy of preserving the cultural value of heritages has been of interest to the Party and the State from very early on and throughout the periods up to the present day. With the particularly important roles of cultural heritage conservation activities in social life, our Party and State have many guidelines, policies and guidelines on cultural heritage conservation work expressed through the Party's decrees, documents and State management documents.

This is the basis for the thesis to evaluate the policies that have been implemented and the remaining issues. From there, the thesis will evaluate the current status of implementing the policy to preserve the cultural values of the relics and propose solutions to improve the effectiveness of implementing the policy to preserve the cultural values of the Cat Tien archaeological relics.

Chapter 2

CURRENT STATUS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE CONSERVATION POLICY AT CAT TIEN ARCHEOLOGICAL SITE

2.1. Factors affecting the policy of preserving cultural heritage at Cat Tien archaeological site

2.1.1. Natural characteristics

Geographical location: Cat Tien archaeological site is a complex of architectural ruins located in two communes, Quang Ngai and Duc Pho, Cat Tien district, Lam Dong province. Cat Tien district borders Dak Lap district, Dak Nong province to the north. To the west and northwest, it borders Bu Dang district, Binh Phuoc province, and to the west and south, Tan Phu district, Dong Nai province, with the natural boundary being the Dong Nai river (also known as Da Don river); to the east, it borders Da Teh district and Bao Lam district (Lam Dong) with a natural area of 42,657.27 hectares. Cat Tien is a border area between the Central Highlands and the Southeast region - the land of the three provinces of Lam Dong - Binh Phuoc - Dong Nai, where the streams converge into the Dong Nai river flowing down to the sea. The basic terrain is low mountainous terrain transitioning from the highlands of the southern Central Highlands to the plains, with many high hills and mountains interspersed with flooded lowlands and alluvial soil. Average altitude is 400m. There are both hills and flooded lowlands.

The hills here are quite steep, lying intertwined, basically mountains of dirt, low connectivity, easily eroded and washed away during the rainy and flood seasons. The origin of the soil in the area is created by volcanic eruptions during the tectonic movement of the Earth's crust, including red basalt and gray basalt soil covering a fairly fertile ancient alluvial foundation. Due to such terrain, Cat Tien has a developed tropical humid lowland forest ecosystem. During the rainy season, Cat Tien is often flooded.

Regarding soil, Cat Tien has 3 main soil groups, mainly alluvial soil and good quality glay soil.

Climate: Cat Tien is located in the tropical monsoon climate zone, the temperature and solar radiation are high all year round, there are no extreme changes in climate, the temperature here is quite different between day and night: hot and sunny during the day, cold at night. The rainfall is large but unevenly distributed, creating two opposite seasons: rainy season and dry season. The rainy season usually lasts from May to October, concentrated from May to July, causing floods that submerge the valleys. The dry season lasts from November to April of the following year, hot and sunny, little rain easily leading to drought. The average annual rainfall is 2,186mm, the average temperature is 26 0 C, humidity is over 80%.

Hydrology: Rivers and streams in Cat Tien are mostly narrow streams, flowing steeply into the Da Don River, the main branch that forms the Dong Nai River in the upper reaches. The river and stream system flowing through Cat Tien carries alluvium to form fertile basins. Due to the influence of the terrain, the streams in Cat Tien are both narrow and deep, with high slopes, so in the dry season many streams dry up, leading to drought, and in the rainy season, they easily cause floods. These favorable climate and river conditions create for Cat Tien an extremely rich flora and fauna, which can be considered a typical multi-layered tropical rainforest.

Cat Tien water surface has Dong Nai river flowing through it with an average flow of 100m3 / s, which affects agricultural use value.

+ Groundwater.

Quaternary aquifer: Distributed in river and stream terraces, alluvial plains along rivers and streams, creating a surface layer with 3 layers: clay, silty clay, sandy clay, the water level of this layer is 4-5m deep, currently people are using this water layer for domestic use.

Basalt aquifer complex: Exposed from hills and ranges surrounding the Dong Nai river valleys.

With such natural conditions, there is almost no transportation system, only small narrow trails winding through the dense forest connecting these basins with other basins or along the hillsides.

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