Hai Phong Tourism Development Direction in the Coming Time:

The rapid increase in revenue from tourists is the premise for increasing the GDP contribution of Hai Phong tourism in general to the city's total GDP. In addition, Hai Phong's key industries such as industry, seafood processing, and garment are still maintained at a high level, thereby improving the quality, efficiency, and competitiveness of the city's economy, creating favorable conditions for businesses, creating a more open investment and production environment, and business services, including tourism, developing rapidly and sustainably. This is consistent with the economic development orientation of the Party and the State, which is to shift the economy towards gradually increasing the proportion of the economic sector in the national economy.

1.2.10. Current status of tourists:

Hai Phong is a city with favorable conditions and tourism resources. In recent years, along with the development of Vietnam's tourism industry, Hai Phong tourism has also grown steadily, attracting a number of international and domestic visitors.

Table: Number of tourists to Hai Phong (2003 – 2008)

Target

Unit	Year
Unit	2003	2004	2005	2006	2007	2008
Total views guest	Thousand turn	1680	2100	2393	2963	3620	3484
International	Thousand turn	350	440	558	606	719	818
Inland	Thousand turn	1330	1660	1834	2357	2901	2666

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( Source: Report of Hai Phong Department of Tourism)

Previously, international tourists to Hai Phong were mainly visitors for sightseeing and vacations signed under cooperation and exchange agreements between Vietnam and other countries, especially Eastern European countries. Therefore, the number of visitors was extremely limited.

In recent years, with the attention and investment of the State in building infrastructure and the Hai Phong tourism industry paying more attention to propaganda and promotion, the number of tourists to Hai Phong has increased, both international and domestic.

International visitors to Hai Phong had an average annual growth rate of 19% in 2003 - 2008. Domestic visitors accounted for 80% of the average annual growth rate in the period 2003 - 2008, reaching 18.25%.

1.2.11. Directions for Hai Phong tourism development in the coming time:

Hai Phong identifies tourism as a key economic sector, tourism development is the direction to promote the city's structural transformation, promoting the development of economic sectors.

The direction of Hai Phong tourism development in the coming years is to exploit to the maximum the potentials and advantages of the city in terms of natural landscapes, human resources, ensure ecological environment, diversify tourism products in the city's GDP, create jobs for workers, improve people's knowledge, preserve national cultural identity and local cultural characteristics, promote the combined strength of all levels, sectors and the entire population to develop tourism, contributing to promoting the rapid development of the economic structure towards industrialization and modernization.

Table: Hai Phong tourism development targets for the period 2010 - 2020

Target

Unit	Year
Unit	2010	2015	2020
1.Total LK	1000LK	4,250	4,600	6,000
- International	1000LK	1,120	1,700	2,400
- Domestic	1000LK	3.130	2,900	3,600
2.Total revenue	Million USD	527.5	1,186.5	2,364.0
3. Direct labor	People	21.76	33.60	52.90
4. Investment capital	Million USD	976.5	1,552.9	2,801.6
5.Industry GDP/GDP city	%	9.2	12.8	17.9

(Source: Institute for Tourism Development Research)

1.3. Assessment of the current situation of tourism business in Hai Phong:

In general, tourism activities in Hai Phong since 1995 have had encouraging developments. The figures on tourism revenue and the number of tourists coming to Hai Phong are increasing, which proves that Hai Phong is increasingly becoming a tourist destination attracting the attention of tourists.

To achieve these results, we must first mention the tourism management of Hai Phong city, in which the Department of Tourism, which is the State management agency for tourism in the city, has performed its management function well. In addition to managing and planning tourist areas and tourist attractions, the Department of Tourism of Hai Phong has introduced effective tourism promotion and advertising policies, and has attracted a large number of tourists to Hai Phong city.

Hai Phong also has investment policies, upgrading, repairing and building new restaurants and hotels, many entertainment areas serving tourism are also invested and developed. Besides, means of transportation such as taxis, buses, boats, etc. serving tourism are also gradually meeting the needs of tourists.

The team of tour guides and tourist service staff are also improved in terms of professional expertise, foreign languages, etc.

Domestic and international travel businesses in the city also welcome and send many tourists to and from, and these travel businesses are increasingly investing in infrastructure and technical facilities.

However, besides those developments, Hai Phong tourism also has shortcomings. The management of tourist areas and tourist attractions is still lacking in unity and concentration. Although the infrastructure and technical facilities have been invested, they are still not at a high level, so there are still many unfinished and unplanned facilities, which reduces the beauty of tourist destinations and affects the natural environment. Although the means of transport have been upgraded, compared to major tourist centers such as Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, etc., they are still not high-class. The wharfs have not been specifically planned, and many tourist ships to Hai Phong still do not have a berth. There are not many international tour guides, and domestic tour guides are still limited in foreign languages. Therefore, in order for tourism activities in Hai Phong to develop more and more and meet the needs of tourists, Hai Phong city and Hai Phong Department of Tourism need to have more measures to plan and develop tourism.

Chapter 1 Summary

Through analyzing and evaluating tourism potential, current tourism activities and tourism directions and strategies of Hai Phong, we can see that the role of tourism activities in Hai Phong is very important in the development of the city.

In general, Hai Phong is a city with a geographical location, natural and human tourism resources, economic and social conditions... quite favorable for tourism development. However, the thesis is limited in length, so it focuses on some unique and impressive relics and architectural works with high educational and aesthetic value to give tourists an overview and insight into the tourism picture of Hai Phong.

Chapter 2:

INVESTIGATION AND ASSESSMENT OF THE ATTRACTION OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL RELICS IN HAI PHONG CITY AND THE CURRENT STATE OF TOURISM ACTIVITIES THERE

2.1. The attractiveness of historical and cultural relics in Hai Phong city:

2.2. 1. Concept of attractiveness :

Attractiveness in tourism is a new issue, up to now there is no specific concept, it is very difficult to define and there are many issues that need further research. However, we can understand attractiveness in tourism as follows:

Attractiveness in tourism is the resources that attract tourists to tourist attractions, tourist areas and tourist regions... It is comprehensive and is often determined by the value of tourism resources, the way to organize and manage conservation activities, embellishment, exploitation of resources, human resources; facilities, tourism services and other factors.

2.1.1.1. The role of attractiveness:

Attractiveness, especially the attractiveness of tourism resources, plays an important role in tourism development, and is the main purpose of tourists' trips. Attractive tourist spots, tourist areas and tourist regions... will retain tourists longer, prolong their stay, stimulate them to consume more tourism products, and make them come back.

2.1.1.2. Characteristics and conditions that create attractiveness:

* Characteristic :

- Attractiveness is the most important factor in tourism development, because tourists only come to tourist destinations, tourist areas, tourist regions... that they see have tourism development resources that attract them, and the essence of tourism activities is to "sell" satisfaction to customers.

- Attractiveness is highly synthetic, because it is created by many factors: natural factors of tourism resources (the values that those resources bring), business status factors, tourism environment (management apparatus and methods, conservation, restoration, exploitation of resources, human resources, tourism facilities, etc.), customer factors (age, level, occupation, interests, ethnic composition, cultural traditions, etc.).

- Attractiveness cannot be measured quantitatively. It can only be determined qualitatively through research on tourist preferences.

- Determining the attractiveness of human tourism resources is more complicated than that of natural tourism resources. Because the evaluation criteria are mainly based on qualitative emotional and intuitive basis.

- The attractiveness of tourism development is not fixed but constant. It is easily lost without regular, scientific and correct investment.

* Conditions to create attraction :

- Subjective conditions : are the intrinsic values of tourism resources.

+ For natural tourism resources, the attraction is created by the beauty of the landscape, the diversity of the terrain, the suitability of the climate, the uniqueness and distinctiveness of natural phenomena and relics...

The attractiveness of a point, a region, an area can be assessed according to the following levels:

1. Very attractive: there are 4 natural phenomena on 5 diverse landscapes (on the mountain top, the heights on the mountain, waterfalls, caves, lakes, beaches...)

2. Quite attractive: has 3 to 5 diverse beautiful landscapes, has a unique natural phenomenon or relic, meets 3 to 5 types of tourism.

3. Average: has 1 to 2 beautiful landscapes, meeting 1 to 2 types of tourism.

4. Less attractive: Monotonous landscape, catering to one type of tourism.

And just like human tourism resources, natural tourism resources can also be evaluated by scoring:

1. Has a favorable position: 4 x 2 = 8 points.

2. Has geological tectonic history and terrain structure: 4 x 2 = 8 points.

3. Has beautiful scenery, large scale combined with many valuable resources: 4 x 2 = 8 points.

4. Has rich water and biological resources: 4 x 2 = 8 points.

5. Good natural environment and still retains its original values: 4 x 2 = 8 points.

6. The advertising campaign was well conducted: 4 x 2 = 8 points.

7. Natural tourist area is evaluated as an international tourist destination: 4 x 2 = 8 points.

+ For human tourism resources, the attraction is created by values that can be felt when seen (aesthetic value, architectural and artistic value...) or after hearing (historical value, cultural value...)

The assessment of historical and cultural relics can be conducted by scoring:

Density of relics/province

Number of moves volume/ 100km2		Number of ranked monuments		Meaning
Characteristic	Rating Level	Characteristic	Rating Level	Characteristic	Rating Level	Characteristic	Rating Level
Under 400	4	>10	4	>40	4	International	4
301 – 400	3	5 – 10	3	21 – 40	3	International	3
150 – 300	2	1 – 4	2	5 – 25	2	Region	2
<150	1	<1	1	<5	1	Inland	1

(Source: Pham Trung Luong, Vietnam Tourism Resources and Environment, Education Publishing House, 2000 )

In which: good (4 points), fair (3 points), average (2 points), poor (1 point). And according to the above coefficient, it can be evaluated as follows:

1. Very convenient location: 4 x 2 = 8 points

2. History of formation and development over 500 years: 4 x2 = 8 points

3. Has beautiful scenery, large scale combined with many valuable resources: 4 x 3 = 12 points

4. Interior of construction items are well preserved, renovated and protected: 4 x 3 = 12 points

5. Unique architectural location: 4 x 3 = 12 points

6. The organization of restoration, protection and exploitation is carried out well and according to the principles: 4 x 3 = 12 points

7. Associating money with unique cultural values (honoring those who have contributed to the country or saints associated with the formation of a legend or religion), and places where major festivals take place: 4 x 2 = 8 points

8. Good quality natural and human environment, not damaged: 4 x 2 = 8 points

9. Research on propaganda and advertising is well conducted: 4 x 2 = 8 points

10. Internationally ranked relics: 4 x 3 = 12 points

- Objective conditions: are factors external to tourism resources but contribute to the formation, preservation and promotion of the attractiveness of tourism resources.

+ Policy: Correct and suitable policy is also an important factor in increasing attractiveness to tourists, because it is the premise for tourism development.

+ Socio-economic conditions: Economic development creates favorable conditions for investment in technical infrastructure for tourism. A stable political and social environment is also a factor attracting tourists, especially in the current unstable socio-political situation.

+ The apparatus and methods of organizing management, conservation, restoration and exploitation of resources: the values of tourism resources only truly become attractive to tourists

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