Water puppetry has really resonated and contributed significantly to raising the understanding and prestige of Vietnamese folk culture. Promoting and preserving the national cultural identity, Vietnamese water puppetry in recent years, not only stopping at the ancient capital, puppetry lovers have been researching and innovating staging methods and content, making puppetry richer, more diverse and no less attractive especially to foreign tourists. Ho Chi Minh City has many stages to perform this art form to foreign tourists.
National culture:
Besides the Kinh people, Ho Chi Minh City is also home to the Chinese, Cham and Khmer communities. Currently, the city is also home to a large immigrant population from many localities across the country. This has created a very diverse cultural identity, contributing to the great potential for tourism development in the area.
2.2.4.3. Cuisine
Ho Chi Minh City is also one of the major culinary cultural centers of the country. This is where the diverse and unique specialties of the three northern regions converge.
- Central - South. Besides, there are many modern dishes from both the East and the West.
Coming to District 1, District 3 or Cho Lon area, visitors can enjoy dishes from three regions such as pho or Hanoi bun cha, Hue beef noodle soup, Quang noodles, Nam Vang noodles, Trang Bang specialties, Southern Vietnamese pancakes or Cu Chi beef, etc. Visitors can also enjoy dishes from other countries such as Chinese chicken rice or duck noodles, Japanese sushi or sashimi, Indian curry, German sausage, French or Russian caviar, etc.
The convergence of national cultural features in both art and cuisine will contribute significantly to the tourism development of Ho Chi Minh City at present and in the future.
2.3. Current status of exploiting human resources to serve tourism development in Ho Chi Minh City in the period 2006 - 2011
2.3.1. Overview of the current status of tourism development in Ho Chi Minh City
In recent years, Ho Chi Minh City's tourism industry has rapidly integrated and developed strongly, contributing increasingly to promoting the positive shift of local economic structure.
According to the Summary Report of the Department of Culture, Tourism and Sports of Ho Chi Minh City, in the period of 2006 - 2011, the number of international visitors to the City increased by an average of 15% per year. In 2011 alone, the number of international visitors to the City was 3.5 million, accounting for 58.3% of the country. The top 10 tourist markets (by air) in descending order were the United States, Japan, Taiwan, South Korea, Australia, China, Singapore, Malaysia, France and Canada. In addition, the number of domestic tourists to the City also increased by 20 to 30% annually, even during the period affected by the economic recession.
In 2011, the total tourism industry revenue reached 56,842 billion VND, accounting for 43.7% of the country's total tourism revenue and contributing about 5.5% of the City's total GDP.
The City's tourism infrastructure is developing rapidly in a modern and professional direction. The number of star-rated hotels has increased steadily over the years. By the end of 2012, the City had 1,461 tourist accommodation establishments with
34,091 rooms have been classified and ranked.
The number of travel agencies has also increased sharply. Travel agencies in the city always account for 60-70% of the list of Top 10 leading travel agencies in the country. Among them, the most typical agencies are Saigontourist, Viettravel, Benthanhtourist, etc.
In general, in recent years, the City's tourism industry has done well in tourism business and tourism stimulus programs. Planning and investment to develop and diversify tourism products have also been focused on and have many new features to attract tourists. In 2010, the City's Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism coordinated with the Ho Chi Minh City Institute for Development Studies and the Institute of
Tourism Development Research, the General Department of Tourism continues to complete the Outline of the tourism development planning of Ho Chi Minh City until 2020, with a vision to 2025, along with investment projects for the construction and development of the City's tourism in the coming period. In addition to promoting local strengths, the City's tourism industry is also constantly expanding, linking and cooperating to develop tourism with countries in the Mekong sub-region and destinations around the world, bringing the City's tourism further in the future.
2.3.2. Current status of exploiting human resources in tourism development in Ho Chi Minh City
2.3.2.1. Tourist situation
According to statistics from the Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Ho Chi Minh City, the number of tourists coming to the city is increasing, in which both international and domestic tourists are increasing.
The total number of tourists to Ho Chi Minh City has increased by 77% in 6 years and is relatively stable. The city is always trying to build the locality into an attractive, friendly and safe destination with a high level in the region.
Table 2.6: Number of tourists to Ho Chi Minh City in the period 2006 - 2011
Unit: thousand people
Year
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |
Domestic guests | 3,500 | 4,025 | 4,600 | 5,290 | 6,000 | 6,900 |
International guests | 2,350 | 2,700 | 2,800 | 2,600 | 3,100 | 3,500 |
Total | 5,850 | 6,725 | 7,400 | 7,890 | 9,100 | 10,400 |
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Identify Rating Levels and Rating Scales
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of the islanders. Therefore, this indicator will be divided into two sub-indicators:
a1. Natural tourism attractiveness a2. Cultural tourism attractiveness
b. Tourist capacity
The two island communes in Quan Lan have different capacities to receive tourists. Minh Chau Commune is home to many standard hotels and resorts, attracting high-income domestic and international tourists. Meanwhile, Quan Lan Commune has many motels mainly built and operated by local people, so the scale and quality are not high, and will be suitable for ordinary tourists such as students.
c. Time of exploitation of Quan Lan Island Commune:
Quan Lan tourism is seasonal due to weather and climate conditions and festivals only take place on certain days of the year, specifically in spring. In Quan Lan commune, the period from April to June and from September to November is considered the best time to visit Quan Lan because the cultural tourism activities are mainly associated with festivals taking place during this time.
Minh Chau island commune:
Tourism exploitation time is all year round, because this is a place with a number of tourist attractions with diverse ecosystems such as Bai Tu Long National Park Research Center, Tram forest, Turtle Laying Beach, so besides coming to the beach for tourism and vacation in the summer, Minh Chau will attract research groups to come for tourism combined with research at other times of the year.
d. Sustainability
The sustainability of ecotourism sites in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes depends on the sensitivity of the ecosystems to climate changes.
landscape. In general, these tourist destinations have a fairly high level of sustainability, because they are natural ecosystems, planned and protected. However, if a large number of tourists gather at certain times, it can exceed the carrying capacity and affect the sustainability of the environment (polluted beaches, damaged trees, animals moving away from their habitats, etc.), then the sustainability of the above ecosystems (natural ecosystems, human ecosystems) will also be affected and become less sustainable.
e. Location and accessibility
Both island communes have ports to take tourists to visit from Van Don wharf:
- Quan Lan – Van Don traffic route:
Phuc Thinh – Viet Anh high-speed boat and Quang Minh high-speed boat, depart at 8am and 2pm from Van Don to Quan Lan, and at 7am and 1pm from Quan Lan to Van Don. There are also wooden boats departing at 7am and 1pm.
- Van Don - Minh Chau traffic route:
Chung Huong high-speed train, Minh Chau train, morning 7:30 and afternoon 13:30 from Van Don to Minh Chau, morning 6:30 and afternoon 13:00 from Minh Chau to Van Don.
f. Infrastructure
Despite receiving investment attention, the issue of infrastructure and technical facilities for tourism on Quan Lan Island is still an issue that needs to be resolved because it has a direct impact on the implementation of ecotourism activities. The minimum conditions for serving tourists such as accommodation, electricity, water, communication, especially medical services, and security work need to be given top priority. Ecotourism spots in Minh Chau commune are assessed to have better infrastructure and technical facilities for tourism because there are quite complete and synchronous conditions for serving tourists, meeting many needs of domestic and foreign tourists.
3.2.1.4. Determine assessment levels and assessment scales
Corresponding to the levels of each criterion, the index is the score of those levels in the order of 4, 3, 2, 1 decreasing according to the standard of each level: very attractive (4), attractive (3), average (2), less attractive (1).
3.2.1.5. Determining the coefficients of the criteria
For the assessment of DLST in the two communes of Quan Lan and Minh Chau islands, the students added evaluation coefficients to show the importance of the criteria and indicators as follows:
Coefficient 3 with criteria: Attractiveness, Exploitation time. These are the 2 most important criteria for attracting tourists to tourism in general and eco-tourism in particular, so they have the highest coefficient.
Coefficient 2 with criteria: Capacity, Infrastructure, Location and accessibility . Because the assessment area is an island commune of Van Don district, the above criteria are selected by the author with appropriate coefficients at the average level.
Coefficient 1 with criteria: Sustainability. Quan Lan has natural and human-made ecotourism sites, with high biodiversity and little impact from local human factors. Most of the ecotourism sites are still wild, so they are highly sustainable.
3.2.1.6. Results of DLST assessment on Quan Lan island
a. Assessment of the potential for natural tourism development
For Minh Chau commune:
+ Natural tourism attractiveness is determined to be very attractive (4 points) and the most important coefficient (coefficient 3), so the score of the Attractiveness criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Capacity is determined as average (2 points) and the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of Capacity criterion is 2 x 2 = 4.
+ Exploitation time is long (4 points), the most important coefficient (coefficient 3) so the score of the Exploitation time criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Sustainability is determined as sustainable (4 points), the important coefficient is the average coefficient (coefficient 1), so the score of the Sustainability criterion is 4 x 1 = 4 points
+ Location and accessibility are determined to be quite favorable (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), the criterion score is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
+ Infrastructure is assessed as good (3 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Infrastructure criterion is 3 x 2 = 6 points.
The total score for evaluating DLST in Minh Chau commune according to 6 evaluation criteria is determined as: 12 + 4 + 12 + 4 + 4 + 6 = 42 points
Similar assessment for Quan Lan commune, we have the following table:
Table 3.3: Assessment of the potential for natural ecotourism development in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes
Attractiveness of self-tourismof course
Capacity
Mining time
Sustainability
Location and accessibility
Infrastructure
Result
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
CommuneMinh Chau
12
12
4
8
12
12
4
4
4
8
6
8
42/52
Quan CommuneLan
6
12
6
8
9
12
4
4
4
8
4
8
33/52
b. Assessment of the potential for humanistic tourism development
For Quan Lan commune:
+ The attractiveness of human tourism is determined to be very attractive (4 points) and the most important coefficient (coefficient 3), so the score of the Attractiveness criterion is 4 x 3 = 12.
+ Capacity is determined to be large (3 points) and the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Capacity criterion is 3 x 2 = 6.
+ Mining time is average (3 points), the most important coefficient (coefficient 3) so the score of the Mining time criterion is 3 x 3 = 9.
+ Sustainability is determined as sustainable (4 points), the important coefficient is the average coefficient (coefficient 1), so the score of the Sustainability criterion is 4 x 1 = 4 points.
+ Location and accessibility are determined to be quite favorable (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), the criterion score is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
+ Infrastructure is rated as average (2 points), the coefficient is quite important (coefficient 2), then the score of the Infrastructure criterion is 2 x 2 = 4 points.
The total score for evaluating DLST in Quan Lan commune according to 6 evaluation criteria is determined as: 12 + 6 + 6 + 4 + 4 + 4 = 36 points.
Similar assessment with Minh Chau commune we have the following table:
Table 3.4: Assessment of the potential for developing humanistic eco-tourism in Quan Lan and Minh Chau communes
Attractiveness of human tourismliterature
Capacity
Mining time
Sustainability
Location and accessibility
Infrastructure
Result
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Point
DarkMulti
Quan CommuneLan
12
12
6
8
9
12
4
4
4
8
4
8
39/52
Minh CommuneChau
6
12
4
8
12
12
4
4
4
8
6
8
36/52
Basically, both Minh Chau and Quan Lan localities have quite favorable conditions for developing ecotourism. However, Quan Lan commune has more advantages to develop ecotourism in a humanistic direction, because this is an area with many famous historical relics such as Quan Lan Communal House, Quan Lan Pagoda, Temple worshiping the hero Tran Khanh Du, ... along with local festivals held annually such as the wind praying ceremony (March 15), Quan Lan festival (June 10-19); due to its location near the port and long exploitation time, the beaches in Quan Lan commune (especially Quan Lan beach) are no longer hygienic and clean to ensure the needs of tourists coming to relax and swim; this is also an area with many beautiful landscapes such as Got Beo wind pass, Ong Phong head, Voi Voi cave, but the ability to access these places is still very limited (dirt hill road, lots of gravel and rocks), especially during rainy and windy times; In addition, other natural resources such as mangrove forests and sea worms have not been really exploited for tourism purposes and ecotourism development. On the contrary, Minh Chau commune has more advantages in developing ecotourism in the direction of natural tourism, this is an area with diverse ecosystems such as at Rua De Beach, Bai Tu Long National Park Conservation Center...; Minh Chau beach is highly appreciated for its natural beauty and cleanliness, ranked in the top ten most beautiful beaches in Vietnam; Minh Chau commune is also home to Tram forest with a large area and a purity of up to 90%, suitable for building bridges through the forest (a very effective type of natural ecotourism currently applied by many countries) for tourists to sightsee, as well as for the purpose of studying and researching.
Figure 3.1: Thenmala Forest Bridge (India) Source: https://www.thenmalaecotourism.com/(August 21, 2019)
3.2.2. Using SWOT matrix to evaluate Quan Lan island tourism
General assessment of current tourism activities of Quan Lan island is shown through the following SWOT matrix:
Table 3.5: SWOT matrix evaluating tourism activities on Quan Lan island
Internal agent
Strengths- There is a lot of potential for tourism development, especially natural ecotourism and humanistic ecotourism.- The unskilled labor force is relatively abundant.- resource environmentunpolluted, still
Weaknesses- Poorly developed infrastructure, especially traffic routes to tourist destinations on the island.- The team of professional staff is still weak.- Tourism products in general
quite wild, originalintact
general and DLST in particularalone is monotonous.
External agents
Opportunity- Tourism is a key industry in the socio-economic development strategy of the province and Van Don economic zone.- Quan Lan was selected as a pilot area for eco-tourism development within the framework of the green growth project between Quang Ninh province and the Japanese organization JICA.- The flow of tourists and especially ecotourism in the world tends toincreasing
Challenge- Weather and climate change abnormally.- Competition in tourism products is increasingly fierce, especially with other localities in the province such as Ha Long, Mong Cai...- Awareness of tourists, especially domestic tourists, about ecotourism and nature conservation is not high.
Through summary analysis using SWOT matrix we see that:
To exploit strengths and take advantage of opportunities, it is necessary to:
- Diversify products and service types (build more tourism routes aimed at specific needs of tourists: experiential tourism immersed in nature, spiritual cultural tourism...)
- Effective exploitation of resources and differentiated products (natural resources and human resources)
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Source : Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Ho Chi Minh City
International guests:
The number of international visitors to Ho Chi Minh City increased rapidly during the period 2006 - 2011, with an average rate of 10.3%/year. In 2009 alone, international visitors to the City decreased by 7% compared to 2008 due to the impact of the global financial crisis and the general economic downturn that preceded it.
Table 2.7 : Number of international tourists to Ho Chi Minh City in the period 2006 - 2011
Year
2006 | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | |
Total number of visitors (thousand) | 2,350 | 2,700 | 2,800 | 2,600 | 3,100 | 3,500 |
Growth rate (%) | +17.5 | +14.8 | +3.7 | -7.0 | +20.0 | +12.9 |
Source: Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Ho Chi Minh City
During the period 2006 - 2011, the number of international visitors to Ho Chi Minh City accounted for more than half of the number of international visitors to our country.
During the period 2006 - 2011, the proportion of international visitors to Ho Chi Minh City compared to the whole country was unstable and recently tended to decrease because high-quality tourism products were generally few and monotonous, mainly tourism products based on available resources. In fact, there are many historical sites in the City that have no visitors, while other localities have world cultural heritages that attract tourists. Therefore, focusing on building new tourism products and promoting the strengths of the City's infrastructure system - technical facilities will create attraction for tourists.
International visitors to Ho Chi Minh City classified by means of transport show that visitors mainly arrive by air, sea and road. Of which, visitors arriving by air account for the highest proportion.
Table 2.8 : Number of international visitors to Ho Chi Minh City by means of transport in the period 2006 - 2011
Unit: thousand visitors
Year
Total number of guests | Airway | Sea route | Road | |
2006 | 2,350 | 1,858 | 20 | 472 |
2007 | 2,700 | 2,100 | 50 | 550 |
2008 | 2,800 | 2,130 | 22 | 648 |
2009 | 2,600 | 1,800 | 130 | 670 |
2010 | 3,100 | 2,500 | 100 | 500 |
2011 | 3,500 | 2,650 | 32 | 818 |
Source: Department of Culture, Sports and Tourism of Ho Chi Minh City
International visitors to Ho Chi Minh City in particular and to Vietnam in general mostly choose Tan Son Nhat airport as their first stop.
International visitors to Ho Chi Minh City via Tan Son Nhat airport are mainly from the United States, Japan, Taiwan (China), South Korea, Australia, China, Singapore, Malaysia, France and Canada. During the period 2006 - 2011, the number of international visitors from the top 10 markets all tended to increase. Of which, the United States always leads the top and compared to the country with the 10th highest number of visitors to Ho Chi Minh City, visitors from the United States are 4.5 times higher (in 2010).
Below are the Top 10 international tourist markets to Ho Chi Minh City by air in the period 2006 - 2011 .
Table 2.9 : Top 10 international tourist markets to Ho Chi Minh City by air, period 2006 - 2011
Unit: number of visitors
STT
Nationality | Year 2011 | Year 2010 | Year 2009 | Year 2008 | Year 2007 | Year 2006 | |
1 | USA | 337,122 | 333,578 | 330,000 | 358,589 | 329,601 | 314,564 |
2 | Japan | 240,563 | 248,473 | 210,000 | 253,000 | 267,995 | 257,910 |
3 | Taiwan | 220,000 | 210,160 | 200,000 | 226,775 | 224,033 | 202,307 |
4 | Korea | 200,000 | 192,024 | 175,000 | 205,587 | 190,498 | 159,061 |
5 | Australia | 183,259 | 197,153 | 174,000 | 184,921 | 168,359 | 132,416 |
6 | China | 171,000 | 162,984 | 140,000 | 148,816 | 125,753 | 75,839 |
7 | Singapore | 110,378 | 123,486 | 104,000 | 115,608 | 97,338 | 70,188 |
8 | Malaysia | 126,490 | 148,971 | 112,000 | 107,498 | 80,187 | 63,180 |
9 | France | 93,092 | 95,648 | 93,000 | 98,609 | 81,465 | 68,832 |
10 | Canada | 68,200 | 75,000 | 60,000 | 65,992 | 58,008 | 50,482 |
Source: Department of Culture - Sports and Tourism of Ho Chi Minh City
On average, Ho Chi Minh City welcomes tourists from more than 200 countries around the world each year, which confirms that Ho Chi Minh City is always an attractive destination for tourists. The total number of visitors from the international market can be divided by region as follows:
Through the table of top 10 international tourist markets to Ho Chi Minh City and the chart of international visitors by region, it can be seen that most international tourists to the City come from countries with developed economies. In addition, the number of tourists from countries in the region to the City is still limited and visitors from Europe only account for 18%, which is too low, because this is the active tourist market of international tourism.
Also in 2009, the purpose of international visitors to Ho Chi Minh City was not entirely for tourism purposes.
Domestic customers:
