High.
- Research on appropriate and effective industrial waste treatment technology
- Research on application of waste treatment technology and use of waste humus in production
Maybe you are interested!
-
General Assessment of the Current Status of Environmental Application in Marketing Issues of Enterprises in Vietnam -
Assessment of the Current Status of the Policy on Developing Female Human Resources in the People's Public Security Force -
Assessment of the Current Status of Access to Bank Credit Capital of Small and Medium Enterprises in Thai Nguyen Area in the Period of 2013 - 2018 -
Studying the current status of rural environment and proposing some solutions to implement environmental criteria in new rural construction in San Thang commune, Lai Chau city, Lai Chau province - 2 -
Assessment of the current status of groundwater resources in the inner city of Hanoi - 2
export organic microbial fertilizer
- Research on microbial products used in agricultural and livestock production, and plant protection chemicals suitable for specialized agricultural areas.
Currently, the technological lines, processes, and production facilities of most factories and enterprises in Uong Bi city are not modern, with a high risk of causing environmental pollution. Therefore, to have a clean and safe living environment, production facilities are required to invest in installing new production technology processes and waste treatment technologies (solid, liquid, gas) to limit the load and concentration of polluting waste to the permissible level before releasing it into the environment.
4. Proposed solutions to protect water environment
a. Solutions to protect surface water environment
To protect water resources and prevent water flow decline, the basic issue is to protect and restore the headwater forests of reservoirs.
Increase funding sources and develop a separate mechanism for weed and trash removal and dredging of canals.
Do not encroach on surface water areas (rivers, lakes, streams, canals, etc.), dump waste and untreated wastewater into water bodies.
It is necessary to periodically monitor the water environment to forecast changes in water quality and hydrological regime to regulate water resources and protect the environment.
Speed up the progress of wastewater and waste treatment projects according to regulations to avoid direct discharge into canals. Increase patrols to detect and handle violations of waste discharge from production facilities into the water environment. More specifically:
With wastewater from manufacturing facilities and hospitals
It is necessary to have a detailed design of the wastewater collection and treatment system assessed and approved by a professional agency before granting a construction permit.
When the facility goes into production, the wastewater collection and treatment system must be inspected and evaluated for effectiveness by the environmental authority. If it meets the requirements, the facility can officially operate.
With domestic wastewater
It is necessary to re-plan the sewer system to collect domestic wastewater of communes and towns in the city. All newly built urban areas and towns must have a detailed design of the wastewater collection system.
Treating domestic wastewater once collected in a tank is not as difficult as treating domestic waste. The most popular and effective technology today is using biological ponds.
Depending on the wastewater flow into the lake, add biological products (widely sold on the market), 1kg of product/50m3 of wastewater.
b. Solutions for managing, exploiting and protecting groundwater
Groundwater exploitation projects with a capacity of 10,000m3 / day and night or more must prepare an EIA report.
Only use chemicals in the list permitted by the competent state to explore and exploit underground water.
It is strictly forbidden to introduce into underground water sources chemicals, toxins, waste, untested microorganisms and other agents harmful to humans and living organisms.
Measures must be taken to prevent groundwater pollution through wells, exploration, and exploitation of groundwater. Groundwater exploitation facilities are responsible for restoring the environment in the exploration and exploitation areas; unused exploration wells and exploitation wells must be filled in accordance with technical procedures to avoid polluting groundwater.
5. Proposing solutions for solid waste collection and treatment management
To enhance the effectiveness of urban solid waste management, it is necessary to focus on the following solutions:
- Improve the operational efficiency and services of the Urban Environment Company by converting this Company into a Public Service Enterprise and increasing waste collection fees;
- Strengthen and diversify investment in infrastructure and equipment for solid waste management;
- Raise community awareness in participating in activities related to solid waste management, especially women, youth and students;
- Encourage community-based waste collection and separation activities at source to promote waste recycling and composting;
- Empower the private sector to participate and take responsibility for solid waste management activities.
- Educate the view of solid waste as a resource to encourage reduction - reuse - recycling, production of fertilizers and other products from solid waste.
- Improve capacity and resources for monitoring activities of urban and industrial solid waste management.
- Develop a unified framework for collecting environmental fees and environmental sanitation fees, ensuring the principle that polluters must pay and maintaining the operation of environmental sanitation management (waste) forms.
- Encourage people to use recyclable and reusable materials. Most waste collection points on transportation routes affect people because of the stench and water from decomposing organic matter, so using plastic bags to wrap waste can limit this.
- Encourage businesses and business establishments to use new, cleaner technologies, optimize the use of raw materials, reduce packaging and product packaging. Change consumer habits, avoid waste.
Uong Bi Department of Natural Resources and Environment
Uong Bi Urban Environment Company
Private company
People
Yen Tu Relic Management Board
Direct management of urban environmental sanitation work
Support waste collection, transportation and other environmental sanitation work
Figure 3.16. Proposed diagram of urban solid waste management model in Uong Bi City
Uong Bi Environmental Company is responsible for collecting, transporting and treating waste in all wards in the city. Private companies and Yen Tu Relic Management Board are responsible for collecting and treating waste in their areas with an agreement on decentralization of operations between these companies and organizations and Uong Bi Urban Environmental Company with the supervision and participation of local residents and the Uong Bi Department of Natural Resources and Environment. Depending on the operational capacity of the parties involved, there will be an agreement to support the collection, transportation and treatment of solid waste. The Urban Environmental Company will play a central role in supporting other organizations to effectively carry out solid waste collection and treatment.
6. Proposing environmental protection solutions for the coal and electricity industries
Reclaiming and restoring the environment of illegally exploited seams. For seams that are still being exploited, they will be transferred to coal companies for management and exploitation. At the same time, the group also resolves the reclamation of illegally exploited seams in residential areas. In the Dong Trieu - Mao Khe - Uong Bi area, there are 32 exposed seam mining sites that need to be reclaimed.
Stop coal mining activities in the upper reaches of Yen Lap Lake, restore the environment after mining, limit sedimentation and protect the quality of the lake's water source.
Planning of waste rock and soil dumps, increasing dumping of waste rock and soil into internal dumps, filling
The mines have been completed, reinforced and stabilized to prevent soil erosion and backfilling.
Planning of mine wastewater treatment system (settling pond system, neutralization pond, mine wastewater usage plan, mine wastewater system).
Build green buffer zones between coal mining areas (mines, waste dumps) and collective housing areas and residential areas of wards and communes.
7. Proposing solutions to protect the tourism industry's environment
With the advantage of many beautiful landscapes, many historical and spiritual relics, and the attention paid to investing in upgrading infrastructure and forming reasonable tourist routes, the number of tourists to Uong Bi will increase in the future. This will lead to a significant increase in the demand for water supply, wastewater and waste.
According to the forecast, by 2020, the number of tourists will be 4,500 thousand people, so the water demand will be 180,675 thousand m3 / year, the total amount of wastewater will be 153,573.75 thousand m3 / year and the total amount of domestic waste will be 21,49850 tons/year. The waste is usually canned food, plastic bags, and leftover food. Therefore, the following measures need to be taken:
For water supply and wastewater needs:
- Construction of domestic water supply and drainage systems.
- Add toilets and rest stops along the pilgrimage route to ensure aesthetics and environmental hygiene.
For solid waste:
- Place public trash bins at rest stops. Encourage waste sorting at source.
- Encourage public transport to have trash bins on board and Educate and encourage tourists to bring their own trash to put in the trash bins on board or bring it to a location with trash disposal.
- Improve the solid waste collection capacity of tourist area management boards (additional human resources, additional equipment). Collected solid waste will be taken to waste treatment points.
+ For Yen Tu tourist area, it is recommended to keep 14 garbage collection points.
It is recommended to increase waste classification at source to separate recyclable waste and reduce the amount of waste that must be buried and burned.
+ For the remaining tourist attractions, it is necessary to establish a tourist area management board to collect garbage and transfer it to the garbage collection point managed by the Uong Bi Urban Environment Company.
CONCLUDE
Through the process of implementing the thesis "Assessing the current environmental status of Uong Bi city, Quang Ninh province and proposing management solutions", the following conclusions can be drawn:
1. The main sources of water and waste pollution in the city are mineral exploitation (mainly coal), industrial activities (electricity production, cement production, etc.), agricultural and fishery production, tourism activities (mainly in Yen Tu area) and residents' daily activities.
2. The environment of rivers and streams serving domestic water supply and irrigation shows signs of TSS pollution, especially in areas where waste from residential areas or industrial clusters flows in, for example: Uong Thuong stream water, Vang Danh stream. Domestic wastewater is currently not collected and treated but is still discharged into ponds, lakes, and canals, causing TSS pollution. Wastewater from many factories and industrial zones is still not treated and discharged directly into the environment, causing pollution with heavy metals such as lead, As, etc.
3. Regarding solid waste: The total amount of solid waste currently generated in the area is about 80 tons/day. The rate of collection of domestic solid waste is 90%, the collection of waste is still not hygienic, the treatment of domestic waste is being carried out by landfill and treated with new technology at Bac Son waste treatment plant. Domestic waste at tourist sites is collected and buried or burned at the tourist site by the management board itself. 85% of production and business units that generate hazardous waste have built facilities, arranged collection equipment and signed contracts with units with the function of transporting and treating according to regulations.
4. The amount of domestic waste in urban areas, rural residential areas and solid waste in industrial areas tends to increase significantly by 2020. Regarding solid waste in urban areas and residential areas: according to calculations, by 2020, the total amount of solid waste is forecast to be 55,014.954 tons/year; Regarding the trend of change in solid waste in industrial areas: the total amount of solid waste by 2020 will increase to 147.9885 tons/day and the total amount of hazardous solid waste will be 14.79885 tons/day.
5. Some solutions that need to be applied synchronously to reduce water and solid waste pollution in Uong Bi city include: measures on socialization of environmental protection; solutions on management organization; science and technology solutions; solutions on water environment protection; solutions on solid waste collection and management organization....