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The Theory of Social Inequality from Max Weber's Perspective


social welfare for local people.

10. Thesis structure:

Part 1, Including : Reasons for choosing the topic, overview of the research situation, research objectives (general and specific objectives), subjects, objects, scope of research, research hypothesis, research questions, methodology and research methods, theoretical framework, theoretical and practical significance.

Part 2 , will present the entire research results, this part has 2 chapters.

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Chapter 1. Presents theoretical and practical foundations including basic concepts, theories related to the research problem, some features of the research area and introduction to Hue Festival .

Chapter 2. Presents the impact of the Festival on the lives of people in Hue city. Including :

The Theory of Social Inequality from Max Weber's Perspective

People's understanding of Hue Festival.

Introducing the beneficiaries of Hue Festival.

Positive impacts of Hue Festival on economic life, cultural life and social life of local people.

Negative impacts of Hue Festival on local people.

Local people's reaction.

Part 3 , Conclusion and recommendations:

Present the conclusions drawn from the research results and make some recommendations based on the research to the local authorities, the Festival Organizing Committee and the people of Hue City.


PART 2

RESEARCH RESULTS CONTENT CHAPTER 1

THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL BASIS


1.1 Basic concepts Concept of " Life "

We know that “Life” is a term that is mentioned frequently.

in people's daily lives and is used to refer to certain areas, conditions, and needs in human life. Currently, the concept of "life" is still controversial and there is still no specific scientific definition or concept of life.

According to the Vietnamese - English dictionary, life means life = life, life,

fate

live; livelihood = livelihood, means

living; living = life

live, live.[4]

According to the Vietnamese dictionary, life has the following four explanations:[28] First: Life is the general whole of phenomena occurring in a living organism during its lifetime (generally speaking). For example: the life of a rice plant; Second: Life is the general whole of activities in a certain field of humans, of society. For example: private life, spiritual life, cultural life; Third: Life is the general whole of living conditions of humans, of society. For example: life with many difficulties, life of workers, life problems; Fourth: Life is the common way of life of a collective, a society. For example: life in the countryside.[3]

From the above dictionary explanation, the topic applies the second understanding in the Vietnamese dictionary. The topic will conduct research on the impact of Hue Festival on people's lives in the economic, cultural and social fields of the people.


People.

The concept of “Festival”

According to the English-Vietnamese dictionary, Festival means festival, congress. “Festival” is not a word in Vietnamese but a borrowed word.

of foreign languages. In the Wikipedia dictionary - Encyclopedia of knowledge, Festival is defined as follows: "Festival is a day or period of celebaration or a series of performance of music, drama ... given regularly, especially once a year", roughly translated as: "Festival is a day or period of celebaration or a series of performance of music, drama ... given regularly, especially once a year" [10]

Festival means festival, it mainly includes the ceremony and the festival. When talking about festival, it means the large participation of people.

According to the electronic dictionary, a Festival is an event usually organized by a local community that focuses on some aspect of that community. [39]

A festival is a series of activities and performances (usually held at one location) of music, theater, or other cultural events.[39]

Among the types of Festivals, Tourism Festival is the most mentioned. When translated into Vietnamese, this term is sometimes translated as tourism festival, tourism festival or tourism cultural festival, however, the original word still represents its original word most accurately. In general, Tourism Festival is understood as a cultural tourism activity held regularly, a tourism festival of a locality, region, country, area... to connect cultural activities, sports, conferences, seminars... with tourism activities to widely introduce to people and visitors.

domestic and foreign tourism about tourism potential, country and local people

that locality, region, country or area, creating opportunities for tourism cooperation business between businesses, tourism organizations and between countries, contributing to promoting tourism development.


From the above perspectives, it can be understood that Festivals are cultural activities.

culture, art, religion, exhibitions or competitions are held periodically.

Concept of “Hue Festival”

Festivals have many different types, used to

answer

meet the needs and

social mission as well as providing entertainment. In these

When organizing the Festival, people often come up with ideas related to beliefs.

beliefs, religions, societies, or geographical regions. Modern festivals focus on cultural and ethnic themes in order to seek information to inform members of the same tradition. In the past, organizing festivals was a time for experienced elders to share stories and pass on certain knowledge to the next generation.

Hue Festival

or called according to Tran Thi's classification

Tomorrow is

Comprehensive Festivals [17]. Comprehensive festivals are often organized on a large scale over a wide area (city, inter-provincial, national) with many types of activities held at many different locations under the general management of an Organizing Committee. The organization of comprehensive festivals is often directed by local authorities (where the Festival takes place) and supported by central agencies. Some famous festivals in the world are: Avignon Festival, Ottawa Festival Canada ...

1.2 Related theories

The impact of Festivals is an inevitable trend of the times with a large scale.

objective social law. It does not only take place on the scale of a locality or a

national scale but also on a global scale, throughout the historical period of mankind. Therefore, there have been many studies on Festivals that have been researched and explored by scientists in both theoretical and practical aspects. Thereby, this study applies some theories to the topic to explain the research problem.

1.2.1 Talcott Parsons's Social Systems Theory


Talcott Parsons (1902-1979) is an American sociologist, a famous author of social systems theory and action theory. The concept of structure emphasizes the elements that form a pattern, shaping the system in a relatively stable way. The concept of system emphasizes a set of elements arranged in a certain order, that is, shaped both independently and continuously exchanging with the surrounding environmental system. Parsons is famous in the sociological community for his social systems theory diagram, abbreviated as AGIL, according to the four letters of the four subsystems (smaller systems), corresponding to the four types of needs and basic functions of the social system. [11]

Applied to the research problem is to make Hue Festival operate effectively the set goals, in general Hue Festival operates under the control, orientation of the goals of Hue Festival. Besides, these activities are based on or based on the values, standards of the cultural system of Thua Thien Hue province in particular and the cultural system of Vietnam in general. In the diagram

system theory

Parsons' social system is made up of

four subsystems

system

corresponding to the four types of needs, the basic functions of the social system, abbreviated as AGIL, this cultural system can be seen as a subsystem of local economic development, improving people's lives through economic, cultural and social aspects (L), helping to create stability, order and keep Hue Festival on track with its set goals. The Hue Festival Organizing Committee under the Festival Organizing Committee and the People's Committee of the province and the social security apparatus play the role of a linking subsystem (I) to coordinate activities, regulate, maintain security and order, and create solidarity and cooperation.

between periods

Hue Festival

with participating and affected components

action, resolve existing problems. The goal of Hue Festival is to affirm and honor, preserve and promote the heritage and culture of the nation, develop the local economy, improve the lives and raise the living standards of local people and promote the image of Hue culture to the public. This is

The direction of the provincial local government, acting as a sub-system


target direction (G). And finally, to realize the goal of Hue Festival, it is necessary to mobilize a certain amount of investment funds from Thua Thien Hue province and support policies to provide means and resources to achieve the set goals. This is the adaptive subsystem (A), performing the adaptive function of society.

1.2.2 Robert Merton's structural functional theory

Robert K. Merton (1910-2003) was born into a Jewish family who immigrated to the United States and lived in Philadelphia. Like Talcott Parsons, Merton is known as one of the leaders of the structural-functionalist school in American sociology. Merton's most famous scientific research work is "Social Theory and Social Structure" (1986).

Merton's great contribution to functionalism in sociology was the discovery of dysfunction. Dysfunction is the consequence that hinders, even disrupts, reduces the function of survival and adaptation.

of structure. To identify dysfunction or anti-function. [11]. Apply

Applying this theory to the research topic, we will analyze and explain the following phenomena.

success of each period

Festivals always come with limitations.

its, existence

negative and bad influences on the lives of people in Hue city.

Merton classified dominant and recessive functions based on their level of expression. Merton pointed out that the way to analyze functions is to go beyond the conventional notion of purpose and meaning that subjects attach to things and phenomena in order to accurately and objectively determine their effects. According to him, to understand the mechanism, operation, existence and development of a social structure, we need to analyze its multidimensional impacts on related social structures. Applying Merton's point of view to research to explain beyond the


The impact of Festival can be easily seen, such as developing the social economy, increasing the level of cultural enjoyment for people, and the hidden functions such as: thanks to Festival, increasing solidarity among people.

1.2.3 Durkheim's theory of social solidarity

Emile Durkheim (April 15, 1858 – November 15, 1917) was a famous French sociologist, the founder of functionalism and structuralism, who made great contributions to the formation of sociology and anthropology.

Durkheim distinguishes two basic forms of social solidarity: mechanical solidarity and organic social solidarity, corresponding to two types of society: mechanical solidarity and organic solidarity. Mechanical social solidarity is a type of social solidarity based on similarity, homogeneity, and unity of values, beliefs, customs, and practices. The power of collective consciousness has the ability to control and regulate the thoughts, feelings, and actions of individuals regarding traditions, customs, and family relationships. Mechanically cohesive societies are often small in scale, but have high community awareness and strict norms.

Applied to the research problem, the study uses Durkheim's concept of Social Solidarity to demonstrate the positive impact of Festival on people's social life. The concept of social solidarity refers to the relationships between individuals and society - those who participate and do not participate in Hue Festival, between individuals. The function of Hue Festival is as a connecting event, increasing solidarity between individuals in the locality by unifying the values ​​of cultural heritage and beliefs in the community.

1.2.4 Social inequality theory from Max Weber's perspective

Max Weber (1864-1920), was an economist, historian, sociologist,

encyclopedia. Unlike Marx, who did not consider all social structures to be unjust.


equal

in a class society. Sub-class

belong to others

status on the basis of religious rituals. Werber emphasized that economic power may be the result of holding power on other bases. Social status and social prestige may derive from economic power, but they are not the only necessary. Weber argued that it was a matter of historical and social analysis to discover the real basis of social inequality.

Weber's view emphasizes the importance of the market rather than

not reproducible, as

is the body

economic department

of class. According to Weber,

The first cause of inequality in capitalist society is the difference in market capacity. That means that the ability of individuals to occupy the market depends on their understanding, courage and professional skills.

Applying Weber's view of social inequality to research to examine how people's levels of cultural benefits differ.

based on auxiliary variables

economic

family, consider the

difference between

How are well-off households different from middle-class and poor households?

1.3 Some features of the research area

Hue City is the provincial capital of Thua Thien Hue Province, with a total natural area of ​​7,099 hectares, including 27 inner-city wards and 5 suburban communes, with a convenient geographical and geopolitical location to organize national and international festivals, demonstrated by the following main characteristics:

1.3.1 Natural and social characteristics Geographical location

TTH is one of the four points in the central key economic region, with coordinates of 16 - 16.7 degrees North latitude, 107.8 108.2 East longitude. It has a natural area of ​​5054 km2, accounting for 1.5% of the national area. TTH is located on an important traffic axis across the North - South, the East-West corridor connecting Thailand - Laos - Vietnam along Highway 9. TTH is located in the middle of the country, between Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City, the two major centers of the two economic regions.

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