The process of Party Committees of the Northwestern mountainous provinces leading the building of ethnic minority cadres from 2006 to 2016

People's Council dated July 16, 2011 and Resolution No. 120/2014/NQ-HDND dated December 10, 2014 ( Refer to Appendix 3.7 for detailed comparison ).

In Lao Cai province , to guide the recruitment of ethnic minorities, on August 11, 2014, the Provincial People's Committee issued Decision No. 27/2014/QD-UBND Promulgating the Regulations on priority recruitment of ethnic minorities into Party agencies, State agencies, Fatherland Front Committees, and Mass Organizations in Lao Cai province, period 2014-2016 . The Decision stipulates that the beneficiaries of the policy include:

a, Ethnic minorities sent by the Provincial People's Committee for training under the recruitment regime, have graduated from university;

b, Ethnic minorities with permanent residence in communes, wards and towns of Lao Cai province for 5 years or more (up to the time of starting university) have graduated from full-time university at public schools [204, p.5].

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Article 3 of the Decision also stipulates priorities for recruiting ethnic minorities as civil servants and public employees at provincial, district and commune levels:

1. Priority admission cases:

a) Ethnic minorities sent by the Provincial People's Committee to study at university under the recruitment regime prescribed in Decree No. 134/2006/ND-CP dated November 14, 2006 of the Government stipulating the recruitment regime to university, college and intermediate educational institutions in the national education system after graduation can register to apply for positions of civil servants, public employees at the provincial, district and commune levels in accordance with their qualifications and training majors;

b) Ethnic minorities of Lao Cai province who have graduated from a regular university with a good degree or higher at public universities can register to apply for civil servant positions at the provincial and district levels suitable to their qualifications and training majors in the list of attractive majors issued annually by the province;

c) Ethnic minorities of Lao Cai province who graduated from regular universities at public schools can register to take the provincial and district-level civil servant recruitment exam or apply for commune-level civil servant positions suitable to their training major.

2. Priority points when applying for admission or selection: Ethnic minorities of Lao Cai province when applying for civil servants, public employees at provincial, district and commune levels are given priority to add 20 points to the total score for admission or selection.

3. Ethnic minorities in Lao Cai province who graduated from regular universities at public schools and take the district-level civil service exam are exempted from the foreign language exam [204, p.6].

There are also policies to attract and encourage the recruitment of ethnic minority cadres. The People's Council and People's Committee of Yen Bai province have issued many documents. A typical example is Resolution No. 12/2014/NQ-HDND dated July 17, 2014, promulgating policies to attract and train scientific cadres and managers; supporting the training of cadres, students and pupils of ethnic minorities in Yen Bai province, period 2014-2016 . In addition, policies for ethnic minority cadres are also reflected in the priority of ethnic minority people in the province's annual plans to recruit civil servants and public employees. In training and fostering, in addition to the general standards for cadres according to State regulations, the province also provides specific support for ethnic minority cadres.

Chapter 3 Summary

In the period 2010-2016, the international context and the domestic situation had new changes, requiring each provincial Party Committee in the Northwest to continue to thoroughly grasp the important role and significance of the ethnic minority cadres and the work of building ethnic minority cadres. Closely following the Party's guidelines and policies and the State's policies and laws, the provincial Party Committees in the Northwest region have raised viewpoints and policies on building ethnic minority cadres. This is the basis and orientation for the Party Committees to direct the implementation of the work of building ethnic minority cadres, contributing to the sustainable development of each province in particular and the Northwest region in general. The work of building ethnic minority cadres of the provincial Party Committees in the Northwest region is always placed in a whole closely linked with the work of cadres and ethnic policies in general, in the socio-economic development strategy of each locality and the Northwest region. From the full and synchronous awareness, the process of implementing and implementing the stages of ethnic minority cadre work has basically brought about effectiveness in practice. The planning work was carried out early, closely following the reality of each locality, thus having an important orientation for the remaining work. Training and fostering activities have changed in both quantity and quality, associated with appropriate investments by localities in facilities, equipment, lecturers, teachers as well as the self-improvement awareness of each individual ethnic minority cadre, civil servant and public employee. Despite many socio-economic difficulties, the Party Committees of the Northwest provinces have tried to ensure the full and timely implementation of cadre policies, thereby creating motivation for this team to feel secure in the process of working and striving.

In addition to the achieved results, the process of leading the development of ethnic minority cadres of the Party Committees of the Northwest provinces still has some shortcomings that have not been overcome. The training and fostering of ethnic minority cadres at training institutions still faces many limitations and difficulties, the quality of cadre training is still limited, especially for the recruited subjects and the type of training is not

Regular. Some localities have low qualifications of leaders and managers, not meeting basic requirements; the implementation of policies for ethnic minority cadres is still limited, the number of ethnic minority cadres who go to school to improve their professional qualifications and skills and receive low training funding support, so the cadres' lives are still difficult. The recruitment work is a correct policy and suitable for the characteristics of mountainous localities with many difficulties such as the Northwest, but in practice, there are still many confusions and low efficiency. In many localities, there are no more staff, the training majors of the recruitment system are not suitable for the job positions of the units. The coordination between state administrative agencies, Party agencies, unions, and socio-political organizations in arranging jobs for candidates is still inconsistent, often focusing only on state administrative agencies and paying little attention to other job positions.

Chapter 4

COMMENTS AND EXPERIENCES

4.1. COMMENTS

4.1.1. Advantages and causes

4.1.1.1. Advantages

Firstly, the Party Committees of the Northwest provinces always correctly perceive the position and importance of the work of building a contingent of ethnic minority cadres, promptly proposing policies suitable to the characteristics and requirements of the locality.

The guiding viewpoint on the work of building a contingent of ethnic minority cadres in the Party Committees of the Northwest provinces is to be regular, continuous, closely linked to the process of perfecting and consolidating the political apparatus from the province to the grassroots. In the Northwest provinces, Party committees and organizations at all levels have paid attention to leading, directing and actively organizing the implementation, gradually putting this work into order, contributing significantly to the synchronous implementation of all stages of the cadre work. On the basis of correctly and fully understanding the position and importance of the work of building a contingent of ethnic minority cadres, most Party committees and organizations at all levels have closely followed the goals, requirements, mottos, principles, and processes set forth in the resolutions and instructions of the Central Committee and the specific situations of localities, agencies, and units to develop appropriate content and plans for building a contingent of ethnic minority cadres.

Implementing the Party and State's guidelines and policies on ethnic minority cadre work, based on the general orientation of cadre building work, the Party Committees of the Northwest provinces always correctly perceive the position and importance of the ethnic minority cadre team and the work of building the ethnic minority cadre team. Since then, the Provincial Party Committees have issued many resolutions, the People's Councils and People's Committees of the provinces have specified them in many resolutions, decisions, and developed programs, plans, and projects. To improve the quality of work and implementation results, the provincial agencies, directly the Provincial Party Committee's Organization Board, have issued plans and issued many documents guiding the implementation process of the units.

Through the system of issued documents, the Party Committees of the Northwest provinces have gradually defined the responsibilities of Party Committees at all levels in building the contingent of ethnic minority cadres. Based on the existing ethnic minority cadre structure and the need for arrangement,

In order to use ethnic minority cadres, especially ethnic minority leaders and managers, Party committees at all levels have developed specific plans for cadre work on the number and proportion of ethnic minority leaders and managers, creating favorable conditions for implementation. The documents also provide orientations and guidelines for each stage of ethnic minority cadre work, linking the stages in a unified manner, from planning and creating resources to training, fostering, recruiting, arranging, using and implementing policies. In addition, Party committees at all levels in the Northwest have developed plans to inspect and supervise cadres in general and ethnic minority cadres in particular; promptly correcting mistakes in the work of building ethnic minority cadres of agencies and units.

To suit the characteristics and requirements of the locality, the Party Committees of the Northwest provinces have thoroughly grasped and applied the policies and guidelines on ethnic minority cadre work of the Party and the State. In addition to strictly implementing the general regulations, the Party Committees of the Northwest provinces have also issued their own policies, but still ensure the regulations. In the recruitment work, to suit the specific educational level of ethnic minorities and to quickly overcome the shortage of cadres, the provinces have made adjustments. Instead of requiring college and university degrees, many provinces recruit ethnic minority cadres from intermediate level. After recruitment, the provincial Party Committees have incentive and support mechanisms for this group to participate in training and fostering programs, gradually improving their political theory and professional qualifications. Although economic resources are still limited, provincial Party Committees have additional support for travel expenses, study materials, and financial support after cadres complete the training and development program, in addition to the general standards of the State.

In the 10 years (2006-2016), the Party Committees of the Northwest provinces have issued many resolutions, decisions, plans, projects, etc. in building the contingent of ethnic minority cadres. This demonstrates the full and consistent awareness of the Party Committees of the Northwest provinces about the role of the contingent of ethnic minority cadres and the significance and importance of the work of building the contingent of ethnic minority cadres. Documents in the leadership of the work of building the contingent of ethnic minority cadres of the provincial Party Committees

The Northwest region has important directional significance, directly affecting the results of this work in practice.

Second, in the process of directing the implementation, the Party Committees of the Northwest provinces always ensure completeness and seriousness in all stages of the work of building a team of ethnic minority cadres.

Regarding the work of planning ethnic minority cadres, the Party Committees of the Northwest provinces have issued many specialized resolutions, developed programs and implementation plans, and regularly directed and inspected the implementation at lower levels. The work of planning cadres has basically ensured synchronization from the bottom up and created a fairly abundant source of successor cadres, such as each cadre position is planned for 2 to 3 people and one person can be planned for several positions; using the planning of the Party Committee as the basis for planning the positions of leaders of the Party, government, and organizations in localities; ensuring the proportion of female cadres, young cadres, and ethnic minority cadres.

For each provincial Party Committee, planning work is carried out in each agency and unit, concretized by action plans and programs according to the roadmap, closely following the actual conditions of the agency and unit. Provincial Party Committees always do a good job of forecasting the demand for leaders and managers at all levels in conjunction with staff planning, as a basis for calculating and developing plans for recruitment, training, fostering, arranging and using staff. On the basis of general staff planning, introduce and include in the planning ethnic minority cadres with good qualifications, capacity, ethics, and development prospects in all sectors and levels. There is a plan for training and fostering periodically every year, focusing on fostering knowledge of leadership, management, situation handling skills, and updating professional knowledge. From there, select a number of ethnic minority cadres in the planning for key positions to carry out rotation to train and prepare the next generation of human resources when qualified. Create a working environment for young cadres to study and grow.

Paying attention to the training and fostering of ethnic minority cadres , the provincial Party Committees in the Northwest region have many creative ways of doing things. In addition to developing plans, programs, and projects directly on training and fostering ethnic minority cadres, the provincial Party Committees have led the integration of this work in many

other socio-economic development programs. This helps overcome the difficulties and limitations in funding for training and development, while providing many options and encouraging the spirit of self-training and development of ethnic minority cadres. The number of ethnic minority cadres who have been trained and developed is increasing. The structure of ethnic minority cadres is gradually becoming younger. These are great efforts of localities in the Northwest region, where there are many mountainous and border areas, many remote and isolated areas, and areas with special difficulties.

In order to overcome the shortcomings and limitations in building a contingent of local ethnic minority cadres with qualities and capacities to meet local requirements, and to consolidate a strong grassroots political system, many provinces in the Northwest mountainous region have opened university, college and intermediate classes in the area, while creating conditions for cadres to study and work at the same time. The development of diverse types of training such as: regular, in-service, ... combined with the implementation of administrative reform has helped the contingent of ethnic minority cadres at the grassroots level have many conditions to improve their professional qualifications, strengthen their management capacity, and meet the basic requirements in the cause of local socio-economic development. This is considered a breakthrough in standardizing the qualifications of ethnic minority cadres, especially the contingent of ethnic minority cadres at the grassroots level of the Northwest provinces.

In recruitment , the Party Committees of the provinces in the Northwest region have implemented many incentives to attract full-time students who are ethnic minorities who graduated with good or excellent degrees from universities to work, especially in the grassroots areas to increase the human resources with basic training for the commune level, and at the same time create a source of successor cadres. Based on the regulations of the Central Government, the provinces have specified the standards and titles to suit each locality, including giving priority to ethnic minorities. As in recruitment, when two candidates meet the standards, priority will be given to selecting ethnic minority cadres. From the reality of the shortage of staff, in some stages, localities choose to prioritize the recruitment of ethnic minority cadres first, then provide support for retraining in expertise and profession. With this flexible and creative approach, overcoming the shortage of ethnic minority cadres in some localities in the Northwest region, especially at the grassroots level, has achieved positive results.

The process of Party Committees of the Northwestern mountainous provinces leading the building of ethnic minority cadres from 2006 to 2016 - 15

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